PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) on the repair of peripheral corneal perforation occurring during cataract surgery of a case of Terrien's marginal degeneration. METHODS: A 77-year-old male patient was referred to our hospital from a private clinic because of corneal perforation during cataract surgery of the right eye. Emergency AMT was performed. RESULTS: The eyeball regained its integrity with stabilized corneal surface, reformed anterior chamber and clearance of the inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: AMT may be an effective alternative for treating corneal perforation or impending perforation.
Aged ; Amnion* ; Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Corneal Perforation ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Rupture*

It is improtant that performing prophylaxis procedure on an infected implant surface in order to treat periimplantitis should not change the surface roughness and composition, so that the surface can be recovered to almost same condition as initial implant surface. This thesis, therefore, studied an effect of various oral hygiene instrument on implant surface. A surface roughness measurement instrument and an injection electron microscope were used to observe a change on surface. The purpose of this study was to obtain a clinical guideline during implant care and peri-implantitis treatment. The result were as follows 1. Ra values (surface roughness value) at experimental group 1, group 2, and group 5 were increased significantly as compared with comparison group (p<0.05). 2. When compared experimental group 1 with each exprimental groups at which prohylaxis procedure was performed, mean values of Ra at experimental group 2, group 3, group 6, and group 7 were decreased significantly(p<0.05). 3. Mean value of Ra was lowest at experimental group 2, and highest at experimental group 2, and highest at experimental group 5. 4. Analysis of SEM showed that was significant surface change at experimental group 2, group 3, group 4, group 5, and group 6 as compared with comparison group(X1000). 5. Analysis fo EDX showed that a quantity of Ti on surface for experimental group 6 was very similar to that for comparison group. In conclusion, air-powder abrasive and citric acid, plastic instrument are safe methods to use for performing prophylaxis procedure on implant care or for cleaning and sterilization process on treatment of peri-implantitis, based on the result that those method did not affect implant surface roughness and Ti composition.
Citric Acid ; Oral Hygiene* ; Peri-Implantitis ; Plastics ; Sterilization

PURPOSE: To compare the effect of combined recession and resection on ocular position. METHODS: We designed a study with three groups of white rabbits. A recession was performed by differing the amount, 9 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm, according to the group, after 12 mm resection on superior rectus muscle. Before and 1 week after the operation, distance from lower margin to upper corneal limbus was measured using photographs. RESULTS: In 12 mm recession group, the distance before and after the operation was 9.44 mm and 9.19 mm respectively, showing no statistically significant change (P=0.2344). In 15 mm recession group, the ocular position showed significant depression, from 9.13 to 7.87 mm (P=0.0017), whereas in 9 mm recession group ocular position showed significant elevation from 9.11 to 10.85 mm (P=0.0078). CONCLUSIONS: The result of this study showed that when combined resection and recession on the same extraocular muscle were made in the same amount, eye alignment at primary ocular position was kept. Furthermore this procedure enables adjustable surgery to be considerable in incomitant strabismus.
Depression ; Limbus Corneae ; Rabbits ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of superior oblique palsy in patients with horizontal strabismus. METHODS: Nineteen superior oblique palsy patients with vertical deviation or inferior oblique overaction who complained horizontal deviation were evaluated. Visual acuity, ocular movement test, prism cover test, Bielschowsky head tilt test, fundus photograph and examining photographs for head tilt and facial asymmetry were performed. Horizontal strabismus surgery and inferior oblique myectomy was done simultaneously , and the postoperative results was compared with preoperative condition. RESULTS: There were 15 exotropic patients (22.20PD+/-6.01SD) and 4 esotropic patients (22.00PD+/-12.08SD). Vertical deviation was found to be 6.74PD+/-3.35SD. Inferior oblique overaction (+0.5~2) was observed in 18 patients. Twelve patients had excyclotorsion. Of 18 patients with head tilting and 12 patients with facial asymmetry, seven patients (38.9%) in head tiltilng and six patients (50%) in facial asymmetry did not notice the abnormality. Horizontal strabismus surgery with inferior oblique myectomy showed good results in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: We should consider the possibility of superior oblique palsy when the patients showed small amount of vertical deviation, head tilt, facial asymmetry or monocular inferior oblique overaction combined with horizontal strabismus, and do the surgery simultaneously for horizontal strabismus and superior oblique palsy.
Facial Asymmetry ; Head ; Humans ; Paralysis* ; Strabismus* ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The diagnostic proton pump inhibitor test (PPI test) is a method used in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aimed to determine the appropriate dose of lansoprazole for use in the diagnostic test for GERD. METHODS: This study was a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk area. Patients with typical reflux symptoms such as regurgitation and heartburn for at least three months were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups, the erosive reflux disease (ERD) group and the non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) group, and randomized to 14 days of treatment with lansoprazole at a dose of 15 mg, 30 mg or 60 mg once daily. The PPI test was considered positive if the patient's symptoms improved by more than 50%. RESULTS: A total of 218 patients were enrolled, and analysis was performed on the 188 patients who completed the study. The PPI test was positive in 93.2% of the ERD group and 87.2% of the NERD group. A positive PPI test was observed in 91.7%, 89.4%, and 87.2% of the 15 mg, 30 mg, and 60 mg groups, respectively. Significant symptom score changes were observed starting on day 8 for the 15 mg, 30 mg, and 60 mg groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this multicenter, randomized study of Korean patients, the standard dose of lansoprazole was as effective as a high dose of lansoprazole in relieving the symptoms of GERD, regardless of the presence of ERD, by day 14 of treatment.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Heartburn ; Humans ; Proton Pumps

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy in erosive reflux disease (ERD) patients by comparing endoscopic healing rates according to the Los Angeles classification for esomeprazole alone, and esomeprazole plus mosapride. METHODS: A total of 116 ERD patients were randomized to receive esomeprazole 40 mg once daily plus mosapride 5 mg 3 times daily (E+M group), or esomeprazole plus placebo (E only group) for 8 weeks. Patients recorded gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptom questionnaire at weeks 4 and 8. The primary endpoint was the endoscopic healing rate of ERD after 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Endoscopic healing rates according to the Los Angeles classification was 32 (66.7%) in the E+M group and 26 (60.5%) in the E only group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Only at 4 weeks, the total GERD symptom score changes relative to the baseline significantly improved in the E+M group than that of the E only group (−13.4 ± 14.7 vs −8.0 ± 12.3, P = 0.041), and upper abdominal pain and belching score changes showed significantly improved in the E+M group than that of the E only group (P = 0.018 and P = 0.013, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of a proton pump inhibitor with mosapride shows a tendency for upper abdominal pain, belching, and total GERD symptoms scores to improve more rapidly. This suggests that combination therapy with esomeprazole and mosapride will be useful for rapid improvement of specific GERD symptoms, such as upper abdominal pain and belching in ERD patients.
Abdominal Pain ; Classification ; Eructation ; Esomeprazole* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux* ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Proton Pump Inhibitors ; Proton Pumps

PURPOSE: This is the first report of canine tooth syndrome associated with blow-out fracture in the Korean literature. METHODS: We examined a 13-year-old male patient complaining of intermittent ocular pain who had a past history of blow-out fracture in the left eye at the age of 6 years. He showed left hypertropia at the primary position and an inability to elevate the left eye in adduction. Orbital CT showed displacement of the superior portion of the ethmoid bone that comprises the medial aspect of the orbit wall and entrapment of the superior oblique muscle in association with the misaligning lesion. In conjunction with orbit CT findings and physical examination, we were able to make a diagnosis of Canine tooth syndrome. RESULTS: We anticipated surgical difficulty due to the surgical field having a lot of scar formation in situation 7 years after the trauma. In this case, we chose observation as our current treatment modality as this was not a case suitable for surgery.
Adolescent ; Cicatrix ; Cuspid* ; Diagnosis ; Ethmoid Bone ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures* ; Physical Examination ; Strabismus

OBJECTIVE: Personal and social performance scale (PSP) has been reported as useful tool for the assessment of functioning in the psychiatric population. The authors wanted to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the PSP (K-PSP). METHODS: One hundred ten patients, including out-patients and in-patients, diagnosed as schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder according to the DSM-IV criteria were participated in the study. Subjects were assessed with K-PSP, Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), Global assessment functioning scale (GAF),and Clinical global impression-severity (CGI-S) to evaluate cross-validation. Statistical analysis was done by the calculation of Cronbach's alpha, Pearson correlation coefficient. RESUTLS: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of K-PSP was 0.79. The correlations of each domain of K-PSP with the total score of K-PSP were statistically significant (r= -0.46~-0.84, p<0.001). The inter-rater reliabilities of the total score of K-PSP was 0.79 (p<0.001) and individual score (r=0.775~0.783, p<0.001) relatively high. The total score of K-PSP showed a meaningful correlations with those of PANSS (r=-0.60, p<0.001), GAF (r=-0.71, p<0.001) and CGI-S (r=0.60, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The K-PSP is the useful tool for assessment of functioning in the psychiatric population. So K-PSP can be widely used in the clinical practice and psychiatric studies.

An anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) from the left coronary cusp is a rare congenital anomaly. Because of the unusual location and the noncircular luminal orifice of this anomaly, cannulation of this artery during coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) poses significant technical difficulties when using the currently available guiding catheters. Primary PCI should be performed as quickly as possible when a patient displays this condition. When we face the situation of an anomalous artery during primary PCI, it takes a much longer time to open the occluded artery. We report here on two cases of successful primary PCI with using manually manipulated catheters and Ikari type guiding catheters in 2 patients who both had an anomalous RCA arising from the left coronary cusp.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Arteries ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Phenobarbital ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: We have previously demonstrated that increased urethral resistance was more prominent in diabetic rats than in controls. This may result from a compressive obstruction such as damage of the urethral nerve containing nitric oxide. Another possible cause for urethral obstruction could be a constrictive obstruction such as a periurethral fibrosis. In the present study, we investigated the changes in the expression of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) isoforms(compressive obstruction) and collagen subtypes (constrictive obstruction) in the urethral tissues of non-insulin dependent diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats(18 diabetic rats and 18 control rats), bred from birth, were included in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin(90mg/kg) on the second day after birth. Urethral tissues were harvested at 12, 24 and 36 weeks after induction of diabetes and were stained for neuronal NOS(nNOS) and Masson trichrome. We also performed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction or Western blot analysis to evaluate mRNA or protein expression of NOS isoforms and collagen subtypes in the urethral tissues. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis of nNOS revealed that the immunoreactivity and nNOS expression in the urethra was lower in the diabetic rats than in the controls. The Masson trichrome staining showed that there was urethral fibrosis in the diabetic rats. The mRNA or protein expression of collagen subtypes, especially type I collagen, were higher in the diabetic rat urethra than in the controls. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the increased urethral resistance in diabetic rats may be attributable to a decrease in the urethral nNOS expression and an increase in collagen content. Urethral dysfunction as well as a cystopathy may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes- induced voiding dysfunction. (Korean J Urol 2007;48:1050-1057)
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fibrosis* ; Humans ; Male ; Neurons ; Nitric Oxide Synthase* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Parturition ; Protein Isoforms ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RNA, Messenger ; Urethra* ; Urethral Obstruction