Reconstruction nf torn cruciate ligament by using fascia lata, hamstring tendon and patellar tendon has been accompanied not infrequently with such complication as the avascular necrosis and/ or degeneration of the graft with eventual stretching. Normally the knee resists invaision by any tissue not covered by synovial membrane except the meniscus, which is a fibrocartilaginous structure and is not dependent on vascular supply, but is nourished by synovial fluid. The method using the meniscus in this procedure would be superior to the above methods would also entail less complication. In the two knee injuries, the patella and femur fracture in case 1 and the posterior dislocation in case 2, the torn posterior cruciate ligaments were reconstructed with torn lateral menisci. The results were good in both with normal stability.
Dislocations ; Fascia Lata ; Femur ; Knee ; Knee Injuries ; Ligaments ; Menisci, Tibial ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Patella ; Patellar Ligament ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Synovial Fluid ; Synovial Membrane ; Tendons ; Transplants

The authors experienced two cases of cervical epidural AVM resembling that of tumor. It is the purpose of this report to point out by means of two cases the problem involved in establishing the diagnosis. To our knowledge, our two cases of cervical epidural AVM is the first report in Korea.
Diagnosis ; Korea

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the morphologic change of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear group and control group by the quantitative analysis. The study groups of patients were; acute ACL tear group (21 patients), chronic ACL tear group (31 patients), and meniscus tear group (20 patients) that undertaken partial meniscectomy. To express curved shape of the PCL quantitatively, the authors made a line (basal line) between the femoral attachment and tib- ial attachment of the PCL and decided the point (apex) that was located most far away from the base line. And the authors made a line (line 1) between the femoral attachment and the apex of the PCL, another line (line 2) between the tibial attachment and the apex of the PCL, and quartered the base line; first quartile, Hl, second quartile, H2, and third quartile, H3. The authors measured the each angle between basal line and line 1 (angle a), between basal line and line 2 (angle b), each height of the PCL at each quartile (Hl, H2, H3) and at the apex of the PCL on the basal line (H4). Three groups were compared and examined which factor was able to decide whether the ACL was ruptured or nnt. Angle a was significantly higher in chronic ACL tear group than acute ACL tear group and meniscus tear group. In conclusion, the PCL of sigmoid or curled up shape is a more constant finding of chronic ACI tear than acute ACL tear.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Retrospective Studies

Arthroscopy has now become a valuable method for the diagnosis and treatment of the internal derangement of the knee. Based on the experiences gained during the past three years, in which 93 knees with posttraumatic disorders were observed arthroscopically, several uncommon and interesting findings were encountered. Such illustrative findings have been summarized here. I. Injury at the parameniscal portion is readily overlooked and especially the middle and posterior one-thirds are inaccessible. A wavy undulation of the concave margin of the meniscus, when abnormally exaggera;ed by tibial rotation, possibly suggests the presence of this type of injury. 2. The discoid cartilage and the bucket-handle tear of meniscus occasionally show similar pattern arthroscopically. 3. The plica of the knee can sometimes be a cause of knee disorders. Any internal derangement, which tends to be localized around the patella, warrants close scrutiny for its presence. 4. A large foreign body within a knee joint could easily be removed by virtue of direct arthroscopic visualization.
Arthroscopy ; Cartilage ; Diagnosis ; Foreign Bodies ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Methods ; Patella ; Tears ; Virtues

Seventy consecutive ipsilateral fracture of the femur and tibia in sixty-eight patients from December 1974 through December 1984 treated at Severance Hospital were analysed in clinical and radiological aspect. 1. Fifty-nine patients were male and nine patients were female. The male patients were more injured in the ratio of 6: 1. The avarage age was 34. 2. The main cause of injuries were traffic accidents; 59 patients. (86.8%). 3. The majority of the fractures were shaft fracture; for example, femur shaft 57% and tibia shaft 47%, The open fracture of the tibia was 34% and the femur was 17%. 4. There were 24 cases of concomitant fracture and dislocation of other sites. A fat embolism was disgnosed in 4% of the patients. Four patients had died one month after sustaining injuries. 5. Over-all, a good or excellent functional result was achieved in 76% of the patients treated with internal fixation of both fracture, 65% of the patients with intexnal fixation for the femur fracture only and 35% of the patients managed conservatively.
Accidents, Traffic ; Dislocations ; Embolism, Fat ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Male ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Glycogen Storage Disease* ; Glycogen*

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is replete with data from studies using variuos therapeutic approaches, none of which is clearly superior to another. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of cryotherapy in alopecia areata. METHODS: Thirty three patents with AA(M:13, F:20) well conduted in this study, precluding 3 patients with the moderate and extensive lesions. Cryotherapy using a cotton swab dipped with liquid nitrogen was applied to the involved areas, repeated with 2 times of freeze thaw cycle of two seconds. In 13 cases of AA multiplex, the lesions were divided into two groups, each of which was undertaken cryotherapy and intralesional injection of triamcinolone(3mg/ml) for evaluation of their respeetive effects. The treatment was done weekly method of 1 to 11 times, Th therapeutic response was determined as the regrowth of terminal hairs on the treated area(s) at 12 Weeks. RESULTS: Of the 33 patients with AA, the overall responders were 22(66.7%). There seemed good response rates of 70.0 % in females, 71.4 % in AA multiplex and 72.2 % in third decade as well as 72.4 % in those with lower than 1 year of duration. The remarkable resionse had 3-4 times in treatment numbers. There were no untoward side effects in patients except mild erythema. In the 13 patients treated with both modalities, cryotherapy had a slightly higher esaonse than triamcinolone therapy (69.2% vs 61.5%, p>0.05 by x-test). CONCLUSION: The effect of cryotherapy therapy in AA patients is not less than the intralesional therapy of triamcinolone. In addition, cryotherapy may be recommendec as the new, safe therapeutic modality.
Alopecia Areata* ; Alopecia* ; Cryotherapy* ; Erythema ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Nitrogen* ; Triamcinolone

We report a case of generalized plane xanthoma which showed no-rmolipoproteinemia and was not associated with unerlying disorders or other type of xanthomas. A 48-year-old female has noticed well defined, slightly elevated, yellowish plaques which occurred on the periorbital areas, sides of the neck, scapular areas, anterior chest, buttocks and lower extremities for 3 years. Biopsy specimen taken from the neck showed perivascular accumulations of foam cells in the upper and mid dermis. Paper electrophoresis didn't, show elevation of any lipoprotein.
Biopsy ; Buttocks ; Dermis ; Electrophoresis, Paper ; Female ; Foam Cells ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Thorax ; Xanthomatosis*

Recently, transsphenoidal approach is regarded as the principal method for the resection of pituitary tumor. The sublabial transseptal transsphenoidal hypophysectomy is a classical one, but it has certain limitations and postoperative problems. So various modifications of transsphenoidal hypophysectomy have been proposed. The columellar flap is one of such modified approaches.
Hypophysectomy ; Pituitary Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: In order to evaluate the clinical relevance of angiogenesis in patients with gastric cancer, we investigated the microvessel count in gastric cancer tissues and compared the results with several clinicopathologic factors and the prognosis for the same stage. METHODS: A total of 256 patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. The microvessel count was determined by using immunohistochemical staining monoclonal antibody against factor- VIII-related antigen. RESULTS: The microvessel density determined by using immunohistochemical staining for factor-VIII- related antigen had statistical significance with survival between the higher (> or =42: microvessel counts) and lower the (<42: microvessel counts) groups. However in the same stage, except stage I, it had not significant correlation with survival. CONCLUSION: The tumor angiogenesis of a gastric carcinoma in stage I is an independent factor that impacts on the prognosis.
Humans ; Microvessels ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms