BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to discover ways to screen urine culture specimens through Gram stains, urine stick analyses and microscopic examinations for the laboratory cost saving. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-eight urine specimens for culture were included. Fifty uL of urine were inoculated onto one well each of 10-well slide, dried on the hot plate, and Gram-stained. The results combined with routine urinalyses including urine nitrite and leukocyte esterase, and pyuria, were compared with the routine culture results. RESULTS: The screening of bacteriuria by Gram stains, urinalyses and microscopic examinations revealed the high sensitivity (91.9%) and negative predictive value(95.5%) with cost saving of 41.8% of inoculating media. Not considering the Gram stains, the screening revealed 83.8% sensitivity and 92.5% negative predictive value, even if the cost saving of inoculating media were as high as 50.1%. CONCLUSION: It was demonstrated that it was sensitive and economic and produced rapid preliminary results to screen bacteriuria by the Gram stains combined with urinalyses and microscopic examinations.
Bacteriuria ; Coloring Agents ; Cost Savings ; Leukocytes ; Mass Screening* ; Pyuria ; Urinalysis*

Four patients were treated who had limited flexion of the hips and various degrees of contracture of the abduction and external rotator muscles because of fibrosis of the gluteus maximus muscle. Each patient had a typical restriction of motion such that an affected hip could not be flexed in the usual sagittal plane, but had to be flexed in abduction. Genetic, congenital and postnatal factors have been suggested as the cause of fibrosis of gluteus maximus muscle. Three of the 4 patients reported here are of congenital origin and another one is of postnatal factor repeated intramuscular injections. Excellent correction of the hip contracture was achieved in all patients by division of the fibrotic bands.
Contracture ; Fibrosis ; Hip Contracture ; Hip ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Muscles

No abstract available.
Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Tissue Donors*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Infant, Newborn* ; Lactoglobulins ; Milk Proteins* ; Milk* ; Mothers* ; Postpartum Period*

To determine the influence of hypothermia on the neuromuscular transmission, 25 patients were studied during O2-N2O(50%)-enflurane(1-2%) anesthesia without any muscle relaxants. Ventilation was controlled to maintain normocapnia and neuromuscular transmission was monitored by delivering train-of-four(TOF) stimuli to the ulnar nerve at wrist(Accelograph, Biometer) while the circulation to the ipsilateral forearm was occluded by tourniquet for 20 minutes. Regional hypothermia was induced to the isolated arm by intravenous injecton of 20ml normal saline cooled by 10degrees C and by surface cooling with ice pack in 15 patients (hypothermia group). To compare the neuromuscular transmission in hypothermia with 10 patients in normothermia whose temperature were maintained at normothermia by intravenous injection of 20ml normal saline of 36degrees C(normothermia group), TOF response was measured following temperature gone down. The results obtained were as follows. First twitch height of TOF response(T1) was not changed, significantly in normothermia group for 20 minutes. In hypothermia group, T1 was decreased insignificantly until the temperature fell to 32degrees C, but it began to decrease significantly from below 31degrees C as compared to normothermia group, e. g., 82.4+/-31.2/o(p<0.05), 73.1+/-29.6%(p<0.0l), 53.2+/-14.4%(p<0.01), 38.7+/-18.7% (p<0.01), and 35.9+/-16.3%(p<0.01) at 31, 30, 29, 28 and 27C respectively. T4 ratio was not affected in both normothermia and hypothermia groups. In 5 eases of 15 hypothermia patients, we observed transient increase of T, under the moderate hypothermia(35~32degrees C) before markedly diminution of T, under the profound hypothermia(< or =31degrees C)
Anesthesia ; Arm ; Forearm ; Humans ; Hypothermia* ; Ice ; Injections, Intravenous ; Tourniquets ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ventilation

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to find out the differences of distal femur morphology between the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured and the non-ACL injured on an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the difference of bone structure by gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI Measurements of notch width (NW), bicondylar width (BCW), medial condyle width (MCW), lateral condyle width (LCW), medial-to-lateral condyle ratio (M:L ratio), and notch entrance width (NE) were taken from 120 subjects with ACL injury and the other 106 subjects without ACL injury, by three independent observers, at two different times. The measured values from MRI figures between the ACL-injured and the non-ACL-injured were compared and analyzed, with consideration of the differences by gender. Both intra and inter-observer reliability were calculated. RESULTS: There were significant differences of NW, BCW, MCW, LCW and NE by gender (p<0.001). While NW and MCW in male group were different (p<0.001), NW, MCW, M:L ratio and NW index (NWI) in female group were significantly different (p<0.001) in the bone morphology between the ACL-injured and non-ACL-injured. The intra- and inter-observer reliability was satisfying. CONCLUSIONS: If necessary to take an MRI, female patients with small NWI and NW injury should be carefully treated because of possibility of ACL injuries.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male

No abstract available.
Ilizarov Technique*

A 48-year-old man was admitted due to sudden disorientation and dysarthria. He has been drinking almost everyday for the past 25 years. At the time of the admission, he was alert but confused. Neurologic examination revealed disorientation to time, memory disturbances, decreased amount of speech, dysarthria, limitation of extraocular movement, ataxia of left limbs, and unsteady gait. He was treated with thiamine under the impression of Wernick's encephalopathy. Ataxia of limbs and unsteady gait improved but limitation of extraocular movement and disturbed higher cortical function remained. MRI of the brain taken 24 hours after the onset showed asymmetrical bilateral paramedian thalamic high signal lesions on 72-weighted images. We report here a case of bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction clinically mimicking Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Ataxia ; Brain ; Drinking ; Dysarthria ; Extremities ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Memory ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Examination ; Thiamine ; Wernicke Encephalopathy*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the necessity of lateral translation and the primary stability of the fixation devices in a closed wedge high tibial osteotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors studied four pairs of high tibial osteotomy: Pair I, lateral translation with blade plate fixation; Pair II, lateral translation with staple fixation; Pair III, no translation with blade plate fixation; Pair IV, no translation with staple fixation. Four models of bovine tibia were taken and analyzed for stress distribution at the osteotomy site under axial loading. After axial loading, information recorded in pressure sensitive film was transformed to image file. After, by using image analysis software, the mean stress value and maximum stress value was calculated. RESULTS: The mean stress calculated at each osteotomy site is as follows; 3.89 MPa in the first pair; 4.55 MPa in the second pair; 4.62 MPa in the third pair; and 4.67 MPa in the fourth pair. In Group I, stress value was distributed evenly. But in group II, III, IV, the stress was concentrated at posteromedial area of the osteotomy site. CONCLUSION: The primary in the high tibial osteotomy was dependent more on the rigid fixation than on the continuity of the medial cortex. The pairs on which blade plate fixation was used more stable than the pairs on which staple fixation was used regardless of lateral translation.
Osteotomy* ; Tibia