No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Surgery may have a role when medical treatment alone is not successful in patients with multi-drug resistant (MDR) pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). To document the role of resection in MDR PTB, we analyzed 4 years of our experience. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on thirteen patients that underwent pulmonary resection for MDR PTB between May 1996 and February 2000. All patients had organisms resistant to many of the first-line drugs including isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RFP). RESULTS: The thirteen patients were 37.5±12.4 years old (mean±S.D.)(M:F=5:8), and their sputum was culture positive even with adequate medication for prolonged periods (109.7±132.0 months), resistant to 2-8 drugs including isoniazid and rifampin. All patients had localized lesion(s) and most (92.3%) had cavities. At least 3 sensitive anti-TB medications were started before surgery in all patients according to the drug sensitivity test. The preoperative FE1 was 2.37±0.83 L. Lobectomy was performed in 11 patients and pleuropneumonectomy in two. Postoperative mortality did not occur, but pneumonia occurred as a complication in one (7.7%). After 41.5±58.9 days (range 1~150 days) follow up, negative conversion of sputum culture was achieved in all patients within 5 months. Only one patient (7.7%) recurred 32 months after lung resection. CONCLUSION: When medical treatment alone is not successful, surgical resection can be a good treatment option in patients with localized MDR PTB.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Isoniazid ; Lung ; Mortality ; Pneumonia ; Retreatment* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rifampin ; Risk Factors* ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of interest that common Internet users have in dental implant using a Google Trends, and to compare the level of interest with big data from National Health Insurance Service. Materials and methods: Google Trends provides a relative search volume for search keywords, which is the average data that visualizes the frequency of searches for those keywords over a specific period of time. Implant was selected as the search keyword to evaluate changes in time flows of general Internet users’ interest from 2015 to 2019 with trend line and 6 month moving average. Relative search volume for implant was analyzed with the number of patients who received National Health Insurance coverage for implant. Interest in implant and conventional denture was compared and popular related search keywords were analyzed. Results: Relative search volume for implant has increased gradually and showed a significant positive correlation with the total number of patients (P <.01). Interest in implant was higher than denture for most of the time. Keywords related to implant cost were most frequently observed in all years and related search on implant procedure was increasing. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, the public interest in dental implant was gradually increasing and specific areas of interest were changing. Web-based Google Trends data was also compared with traditional data and significant correlation was confirmed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of interest that common Internet users have in dental implant using a Google Trends, and to compare the level of interest with big data from National Health Insurance Service. Materials and methods: Google Trends provides a relative search volume for search keywords, which is the average data that visualizes the frequency of searches for those keywords over a specific period of time. Implant was selected as the search keyword to evaluate changes in time flows of general Internet users’ interest from 2015 to 2019 with trend line and 6 month moving average. Relative search volume for implant was analyzed with the number of patients who received National Health Insurance coverage for implant. Interest in implant and conventional denture was compared and popular related search keywords were analyzed. Results: Relative search volume for implant has increased gradually and showed a significant positive correlation with the total number of patients (P <.01). Interest in implant was higher than denture for most of the time. Keywords related to implant cost were most frequently observed in all years and related search on implant procedure was increasing. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, the public interest in dental implant was gradually increasing and specific areas of interest were changing. Web-based Google Trends data was also compared with traditional data and significant correlation was confirmed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the sagittal root position of maxillary anterior teeth and report the frequency of each classification in Korean for immediate implant placement. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of cone-beam computed tomography (cone-beam CT) images was conducted on 120 patients (60 male and 60 female) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After reorientation of the axis, cone-beam CT images were evaluated and the relationship of the sagittal root position (SRP) of the maxillary anterior teeth to its associated osseous housing was recorded. Class I, II, and III were classified respectively when the root was positioned on the labial, central, and palatal aspect of the alveolar bone. Class IV was the position that at least two thirds of the root is engaging both the labial and palatal cortical plates. Then, the angulation of the root axis and the alveolar bone axis was measured. Descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the angulation according to the root position and SRP class. Results: The frequency distribution of sagittal root position of maxillary anterior teeth indicated that 81.1%, 10.3%, 1.9%, and 6.7% were classified as Class I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The sagittal angulation at approximately 77.5% of central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine was < 20 degrees, but the angle at more than 42.7% of canine was ≥ 20 degrees. Within the class, the angulation was statistically significantly greater in Class I (16.19) compared to Class II (8.72) and Class III (9.93), and smaller in Class IV (3.79). Conclusion Within the limitation of this study, a majority of the maxillary anterior roots were positioned close to the buccal cortical plate. However, some roots have very thin alveolar bone and sagittal angulation larger than 30 degrees. Therefore, cone-beam CT analyses of the sagittal root position and the sagittal angulation are recommended for the selection of the appropriate dental implant treatment approach.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength and reliability of highly translucent colored zirconia for all ceramic restoration. Materials and Methods: Bar-shaped specimens (25 × 4 × 2.5 mm) were prepared from highly translucent monolithic zirconia. Three experimental groups were set up according to color (shade A0, A1, and A3). For each group, 20 specimens were prepared. Flexural strength was determined using a 3-point flexural test and results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA test. Weibull statistical analysis provided 2 parameter estimates: Weibull modulus and characteristic strength. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed. Results: There was statistically significant difference between uncolored (Shade A0) and colored (shade A1 and A3) (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between colored groups (P > 0.05). The uncolored group had higher reliability compared with colored study groups. On x-ray diffraction analysis of each group, typical peaks of tetragonal phase appeared in all groups. Conclusion Within the limitations of this in vitro study, coloring highly translucent zirconia had significant effect on flexural strength and reliability. Therefore, clinicians should be careful when using highly translucent colored zirconia to prevent breakage of veneering ceramic and enhance aesthetics.

To determine the frequencies of the genotypes of NAT2 gene in healthy Korean populations and to identify the high-risk genotypes of NAT2 gene in colorectal cancer patients, 115 healthy controls and 109 cancer patients were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). The distribution of NAT2 polymorphism in healthy Korean was found to be 7.8% of S/S genotype, 48.7% of S/F genotype, and 43.5% of F/F genotype. And the frequency of phenotypes was 8% of slow acetylator and 92% of rapid acetylator. S/S genotype of colorectal cancer patients was slightly more frequent than that of healthy controls(11.9% vs 7.8%). The relative risk of S/S genotype to colorectal cancer was estimated to be 1.41, taking the risk of F/F genotype as a baseline(1.00). These results suggest that the distribution of frequencies of NAT2 genotypes is very unique in Korean characterized by extremely low frequency of slow acetylator geno type(S/S) in comparison to the other ethnic groups. And the slow acetylator genotype(S/S) in Korean was found to be more susceptible to colon cancer. Therefore, S/S genotype may have a certain role an colonic carcinogenesis in Korean.
Carcinogenesis ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Korea* ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Humans* ; Interferon-gamma* ; Matrix Metalloproteinases* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Humans* ; Interferon-gamma* ; Matrix Metalloproteinases* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Bonwill triangle of Korean using the cone beam computerized tomography (Cone-beam CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 Koreans (60 males and 60 females) who visited Daejeon Dental College Hospital of Wonkwang University and who underwent the Cone-beam CT were selected. The Cone-beam CT images were analysed with Invivo 5.1 (Anatomage, San Jose, USA). After reorientation of axis, the intercondylar distance was measured by clicking both middle points of condyle. And the condyle-incisor distance was measured by clicking the middle point of condyle and contact point of the mandibular central incisor's incisal edge. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS Version 23.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, USA) and statistical significance was verified by gender using independent t-test. RESULTS: The mean intercondylar distance of Korean was 105.9 mm, and the male (108.3 mm) was statistically significantly larger than the female (103.4 mm). The mean condyle-incisor distance of Korean was 105.2 mm, and the male (108.1 mm) was statistically significantly larger than the female (102.3 mm). CONCLUSION: The mean intercondylar distance of Korean in this study was 105.9 mm that was smaller than well-known 110 mm of Caucasian and the male was statistically significantly larger than the female. Within the limitations of this study, it would be necessary to use the articulator which can adjust the intercondylar distance according to the individual for prosthodontic treatment of Korean.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Articulators ; Female ; Humans ; Male