Behavioral symptoms are frequent and problematic components of dementia. The aim of this study was to detect behavioral problem of the 25 item of dementia problem behaviour(DPB)assesment scale for demented older adults. Seventy-three patients with dementia staying in the day care center, group home, dementia hospital, nursing home were recruited data on problematic behavior obtained through interviews with their caregiver during 2 months from March to May 2004. Results shows that problematic behaviors common occurring in 95% of subjects. The most frequently exhibited problematic behaviors were repetitive movement(1.05), repetitive questions(1.03), restlessness(1.0). indifference(0.97). shouting/screaming(0.92). Problematic Behaviors of the demented older adults were closely associated to the distress for caregiver. Most distressful ones for caregivers were repetitive questions(1.46), repetitive movement(1.42), shouting/ screaming (1.42), indifference(1.41). restlessness(1.41). Problematic Behaviors of the demented older adults were divided into six subdivisions, among those restless behavior was positively correlated with aggressive behavior, nervous symptom and psychotic symptom. and then nervous symptom was interrelated to psychotic symptom(p<0.01). This study has limitation that field study data were derived from various primary caregivers.
Adult* ; Behavioral Symptoms ; Caregivers* ; Day Care, Medical ; Dementia ; Group Homes ; Humans ; Nursing Homes

Endobronchial tuberculosis is frequently associated with lymphadenopathy, bronchial stenosis, atelectasis which needs to be differentiated with other pulmonary disease. Authors are presenting 25 cases of endobronchial tuberculosis which were confirmed boy bronchoscopic biopsy and AFB smear and/or culture. The study was done on patients who visited Yeungnam University Hospital from May 1983 to July 1985. The following results were obtained: 1. Of the 25 cases, 8 cases were male and 17 cased were female (male:female=1:2). 32 percent of the cases was older than 60 years of age. 2. Abnormal findings on chest x-ray were seen on 22 cases of 25 cases (88%) and its most predilective site was right upper lobe (24%). 3. Symptoms were coughing (56%), hemoptysis, hoarseness, chest pain, dyspnea and fever in orders. 4. The positive results were obtained in 73 percent of sputum AFB smear (11 cases of 15 cases). 60 percent of AFB culture (3 cases of 5 cases) and 58 percent of bronchoscopic biopsy (14 cases of 24 cases). 5. Complete pulmonary function test was done on 19 cases and showed normal result in 6 cases, restrictive pattern in 8 cases and small airway dysfunction in 5 cases. No case of obstructive airway disease was detected. 6. Associated disease were hypertension (2 cases), tuberculous meningitis (1 case), diabetes mellitus (1 case), and cataract (1 case). 7. The site of bronchoscopic lesion on bronchoscopic examination were as follow; 8. All 25 patients were treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy and 6 patients were treated with additional steroid therapy because of severe respiratory symptom and showed dramatic improvement of symptom as well as lung function.
Biopsy ; Cataract ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cough ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Fever ; Hemoptysis ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

Formaldehyde is contained in various everyday products such as shampoos, detergents, leathers and papers, and is thought to be one of the important couses of clothing related contact dermatitis(ACD). The results about the minimum sensitizing concentrations of formaldehyde were different, and the concentration of 30 pg per gram of textiles was the least one. We measured the quantity of formaldehyde in 16 different types of textiles which are widely used in Korea to investigate whether the textiles contain an enough amount of formaldehyde to induce ACD and washing can reduce the amount of it. The results were as follows : 1. The quantity of formaldehyde ranged from 3 to 1246 pg per gram of textiles. 2. Three types textiles contained more than 100pg of formaldehyde per gram of textiles and 6 between 50 pg and 100pg. 3. 1.00% cotton, ramie and rayon contained the highest content of formaldehyde per gram fabric. 4. After washing, the average quantity of formaldehyde decreased to 60% of that, of pre-wash measure.
Boehmeria ; Clothing ; Detergents ; Formaldehyde* ; Korea ; Textiles*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Self Care*

To a patient suffering from intractable pain due to the terminal state of cervix cancer, 7% phenol-glycerine solution was injected through the L2-L3 interspace. We obtained a good result of pain relief, but motor paralysis developed.
Humans ; Pain, Intractable ; Paralysis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Orthopantomogram is commonly used to evaluate root parallelism. "Good parallelism" between roots is widely accepted as one of the guidelines of a successful orthodontic treatment. In case there was a large angle between crown axis and root axis, and if we valued only the position of crown in establishing occlusal relationship without considering of the situation of root, the problem of root arrangement between adjacent teeth would be occurred. The estimate of root parallelism in mesiodistal direction before and after orthodontic treatment must be emphasized. The intent of this study was to determine the clinical importance and correlation of the angle between crown axis and root axis. Orthopantomograms of 105 orthodontic patients being treated in Yonsei university were used in this study. Twenty-eight teeth in both maxilla and mandible were selected and analyzed quantitively to evaluate the angle between crown axis and root axis, and obtain the correlationship among the individual teeth. The results are as follows: 1. Among the teeth presenting normal distribution, the maxillary right canine showed the largest mean valuer 5.73+/-4.42degrees), which was composed of the crown-root angles, and the mandibular left lateral incisor showed the smallest mean valuer 0.60+/-3.76degrees). 2. The crown-root angles of the maxillary incisors and the first molars, and the mandibular central incisors and the first molars didn`t show normal distribution and the ranges of these angles were dispersed. 3. Significant differences were present between the crown axis and the root axis except for lower first premolars. (p<0.05) 4. No significant difference was present for the crown-root angle between right and left side. (p<0.05) 5. No significant difference was present for the crown-root angle between male and female except for lower left first premolar. (p<0.05) 6. In the upper right quadrant, significant correlations were present between crown-root angles of the central incisor and lateral incisor, lateral incisor and canine. In the upper left quadrant, significant correlations were present between crown-root angles of the central incisor and lateral incisor. In the lower right quadrant, significant correlations were present between crown-root angles of the central incisor and lateral incisor, first molar and second molar. In the lower left quadrant, significant correlations were present between crown-root angles of the central incisor and lateral incisor, lateral incisor and canine, first molar and second molar. (p<0.05)
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Bicuspid ; Crowns* ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Knee*

No abstract available.
Korea*

No abstract available.
Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical*

The short term beneficial effect of arthroscopic excision of synovial tissue in knees with rheumatoid arthritis have been well documented. The purpose of this study to report the results of synovectomy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have been observed at least 3 years. We analysed the clinical result with modified Laurin criteria, radiologic change and patients own satisfaction degree with survey. The results were as follows; 1. The preoperative symptoms were pain (100%), swelling (100%), decreased range of motion (83%) and joint tenderness (74%), and those were improved postoperatively to 43%, 60%, 11%, 43% each other. 2. Among the laboratory parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) was improved most significantly (pvalue =0.026). 3. On simple supine A-P X-rays, the width of medial joint space and lateral joint space were compared to preoperatively and postoperatively. The width of medial joint space was 4.33mm preoperatively, and it was changed to 3.22mm at last follow up (p=0.032). Those of lateral joint space was changed from 4.24mm preoperatively to 3.27mm at last tollow up (p=0.106). 4. The grade of articular cartilage damage was related with severity of preoperative symptoms and the patients with low grade of articular cartilage damage showed more postoperative improvement. The result of operation was related to symptom duration, degree of X-ray change and degree of cartilage damage. 5. 58% ot patients were satisfied to results of synovectomy, 28% were answered neither satisfied nor ansatisfied and 14% were unsatisf'ied to operation. We concluded the arthroscopic synovectomy of the knee joints was effective procedure to improve the clinical symptoms, range of knee motion and to alleviate the inflammatory reaction at mid-term period al'ter the operation. So we consider this procedure is a palliative treatment that modified and alleviate the progression of rheumatoid arthritis of knee joints.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Palliative Care ; Range of Motion, Articular