PURPOSE: Misdiagnosed breast cancer on screening mammography was retrospectively reviewed in an attempt to analyze the cause for the undiscovery and to determine findings that might have been suggested on the mammographic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 173 breast cancers that were pathologically proven, 17 breast cancers misdiagnosed on mammogram was retrospectively analyzed for the causes of the misinterpretation and predominant secondary findings. RESULTS: Three of the 17 were negative on mammography except for dense breast. Two patients had localized asymmetricity without visible mass. Ten patients had benign-looking mass which was well-defined (n=5), partially defined(n=2), multiple (n=l), or included benign-looking calcifications(n=2). Remaining two cases were retrospectively diagnosed as misinterpreted breast cancers. Various secondary findings such as were useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Meticulous observation could improve the diagnostic yield of breast cancer in mammography.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mammography* ; Mass Screening ; Retrospective Studies*

No abstract available.
Lipopolysaccharides* ; Otitis Media with Effusion* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Muscles* ; Shoulder*

To assess the prognostic value of the 14 ECG variables obtained from the pre-discharge ECG, 35 patients were followed up for at least one year among the 80 patients of the acute myocardial infarction admitted at Seoul Paik Hospital from Sep. 1983 to Aug. 1986. The following results were obtained. 1) The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 20% and the mortality rate tended to decline year by year. 2) The one-year mortality and morbidity rate of the followed patients was 31.4%. 3) Among the 14 variables obtained from the pre-discharge ECG, T-negativity was the only statistically significant (p<0.05) one to predict the one-year prognosis in the patients after the first myocardial infarction, and we could not derive any meaningful datd from the analysis of the combined effects of the three ECG variables (PTF, ST depression and ST elevation).
Depression ; Electrocardiography* ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Prognosis ; Seoul

BACKGROUND: The claudins are a family of transmembrane proteins associated with tight junctions and they are critical for maintaining cell-to-cell adhesion in sheets of epithelial cells. However, their role in the progression of cancer remains largely unexplored. The aims of this study were to evaluate the expression patterns of claudin-1 and -4 in benign lesions and invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) of the breast, and relationships between the expression of these markers and the clinicopathological characteristics in IDC patients. METHODS: We examined the claudin-1 and -4 protein expressions by performing immunohistochemical stainings in 54 benign lesions and 120 IDCs via the tissue microarray method. We evaluated the correlation between the expression of these markers and the clinicopathological characteristics of IDC. RESULTS: The expressions of claudin-1 (p=0.099) and -4 (p=0.000) were up-regulated in IDCs as compared with benign lesions. The claudin-1 expression correlated with the loss of estrogen receptor (p=0.036) and progesterone receptor (p=0.011). The claudin-4 expression correlated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.043), the nuclear grade (p=0.030), the histologic grade (p=0.007), and the loss of estrogen receptor (p=0.001) and progesterone receptor (p= 0.029). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that claudin-1 and -4 may play a significant role in the carcinogenesis of IDC of the breast and these may represent novel markers for this disease.
Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Ductal* ; Claudin-1* ; Claudin-4 ; Claudins ; Epithelial Cells ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Tight Junctions

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the experience of falls, the fear of falling and fall efficacy and identify the predictors of falls in the elderly at senior citizens' centers. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 106 elders who used senior citizens' centers in Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. Data were collected from May to June, 2006 through a survey using a structured questionnaire. RESULT: Of the elderly sampled, 35.8% experienced falls during the last 1 year. Of falls experienced by the elderly, 53% occurred indoors, 47% outdoors, 15.8% in the bathroom or toilet. In addition, 57.8% of the elderly had injuries on the hip and waist related with falls. The fear of falling was higher in those with experience in falls than in those without. Factors affecting the elders' falls were age (OR=1.113, 95% CI=1.012-1.224), the number of chronic disease (OR=2.342, 95% CI=1.365-4.019) and the fear of falling (OR=4.279, 95% CI=1.901-9.634). The predictor of the frequency of falls was fall efficacy (R2=24.9). CONCLUSION: As a result, it is essential to develop fall prevention programs based on the fear of falling, fall efficacy, chronic diseases and medication state. And in senior citizens' centers, fall prevention safety education should be activated as a health promotion program.
Aged* ; Chronic Disease ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Education ; Health Promotion ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Clothing dermatitis is a rare disease. The distribution of the eruption coincides with the places on the skin where the garment fits most snugly. It is developed by the chemicals and the dyes rather than textile itself. We experienced 2 cases of clothing dermatitis, one of which was caused by formaldehyde in clothing.
Clothing* ; Coloring Agents ; Dermatitis* ; Formaldehyde ; Rare Diseases ; Skin ; Textiles

This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of 5% PABA cream using mouse ear swelling reaction(ESR). Mice were exposed to 100mJ/cm of UVB, five times a week for four weeks, on the both ventral aspect of the ear, with application of 5% PABA cream on the right ear. The results were as follows : 1. The intensity of ear swelling reaction of 5% PABA protected group was reduced greater than unproteeted group after the first 3 days of UUR. 2. The intensity of ear swelling reached at peak after 1 week of the ultraviolet radiation. Thereafter it has decreased gradually the following 4 weeks. The difference of ear swelling between the two groups was the greatest after 1 week, and the sunscreening efficacy of 5% PABA cream has remained persisted for 4 weeks. 3. The number of mice which have shown severe inflarnmatory response after ultravioiet radiation was more in unprotected group than that in 5% PABA protected group. 4. Determination of mouse ESR is considered a good method for the evaluation of longterm efficacy of sunscreen preparation.
4-Aminobenzoic Acid ; Animals ; Ear* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Humans* ; Papilloma* ; Respiratory System*