This report describes clinical cases of a palato-gingival groove on a maxillary lateral incisor with associated localized periodontal disease and pulp necrosis. The tooth of the first case was extracted because of severe bone destruction. The palato-gingival groove of the second case was eliminated using a round bur, and the resulting defect was filled with synthetic graft and covered by an absorbable membrane. Both diagnosis and treatment of palato-gingival groove were very difficult and usually extraction of the involved tooth is the treatment of choice, but combined endodontic-periodontic treatment allowed the tooth to be saved.
Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Diagnosis ; Incisor* ; Membranes ; Periodontal Diseases ; Tooth ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi* ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Pregnancy

Post-traumatic encephalopathy is characterized by the combination of upper motor neurons, basal ganglia, cerebellar, and psychiatric disturbances. A "striatal" variant, with predominant parkinsonism, is uncommon and may be difficult to distinguish from idiopathic Parkinson's disease. A 38-year-old man, who had history of head injuries associated with brief losses of consciousness, developed a resting tremor and rigidity of the left lower extremity. Upon admission, he showed masked face and bradykinesia without dementia or other neurologic abnormalities. Brain MRI and SPECT studies showed no abnormalities. A BAEP study revealed an abnormal prolongation of inter-peak latencies between wave III and V.
Adult ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Consciousness ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Dementia ; Head* ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Masks ; Motor Neurons ; Parkinson Disease ; Parkinsonian Disorders* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Tremor

Post-traumatic encephalopathy is characterized by the combination of upper motor neurons, basal ganglia, cerebellar, and psychiatric disturbances. A "striatal" variant, with predominant parkinsonism, is uncommon and may be difficult to distinguish from idiopathic Parkinson's disease. A 38-year-old man, who had history of head injuries associated with brief losses of consciousness, developed a resting tremor and rigidity of the left lower extremity. Upon admission, he showed masked face and bradykinesia without dementia or other neurologic abnormalities. Brain MRI and SPECT studies showed no abnormalities. A BAEP study revealed an abnormal prolongation of inter-peak latencies between wave III and V.
Adult ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Consciousness ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Dementia ; Head* ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Masks ; Motor Neurons ; Parkinson Disease ; Parkinsonian Disorders* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Tremor

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Transient global amnesia(TGA) is a neurological syndrome affecting preferentially middle-aged or elderly people and characterized by sudden onset of transient impairment of antegrade amnesia with variably retrograde amnesia. TGA was defined over 30 years ago, but the etiology remain unclear. Several mechanisms have been proposed, including arterial thromboembolic ischemic attacks in both posterior cerebral artery territories, epilepsy, and migraine. Although many studies have reported TGA, only a few reported cerebral perfusion studies using SPECT because of the brief duration of the episode. Technetium-99m-ethyl cysteinate dimmer(ECD) is superior to sensitivity of lesion detection and lesion to normal contrast, probably due to lower back diffusion from the brain to the blood and its excellent radiochemical stability. So we evaluate pathophysiologic mechanism of TGA by using 99mTC-ECD SPECT with or without acetazolamide(ACZ) stress. METHODS: We evaluated six patients with transient global amnesia, four women and two men, age ranges 56 to 78 years, mean 62.2 years. Measurements of CBF and vascular reserve using 99mTC-ECD with or without ACD stress were performed during or after TGA episode. RESULTS: One patient, who was evaluated in TGA episode showed that regional cerebral blood flow was decreased in both anteroinferior frontal, both temporal, right thalamus, both inferior parietal and left parietal region with impaired vascular reserve in left inferior temporal and right thalamus. Others, who were evaluated more than 6days in TGA episode showed that regional cerebral blood flow was decreased in left temporal (4), both temporal region (1), left thalamus (2) and both basal ganglia (1) with preserved vascular reserve except one, showed impaired vascular reserve in left thalamus. CONCLUSION: This result show that severe hypoperfusion of bilateral temporal region and impaired vascular reserve in left temporal region in TGA episode. Other patients who were recovered from TGA showed hypoperfusion of left temporal region and preserved vascular reserve. 99mTc-ECD with acetazolamide SEPCT that sensitively detects localized impaired cerebraovascular reserve should help elucidate these processes. But further study with more cases is necessary for evaluation of pathophysiology of TGA.
Acetazolamide ; Aged ; Amnesia ; Amnesia, Retrograde ; Amnesia, Transient Global* ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Diffusion ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Migraine Disorders ; Perfusion ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Rabeprazole ; Technetium* ; Thalamus ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

In complication of infective endocaditis splenomegaly and splenic infarction are not uncommon but splenic rupture is very rare. We report a case of splenic rupture complicated by infective endocarditis in 1 71-yr-old man who had been suffered from rheumatic heart disease (aortic regurgitation and stenosis and mitral regurgitation). The patient was admitted to mild fever and generalized weakness for 20 days. Diagnosis of infective endocarditis due to Staphylococcus epidermidis was made by clinical manifestaions and blood culture study.On 34th day of admissionthe patient suddenly displayed the symptoms and signs of massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Splenic rupture was revealed by paracentesis and radiologic studies. Rupture of spleen is an uncommon and usually fatal complication of infective endocarditis. Therefore early diagnosis and prompt treatment must be performed.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Endocarditis* ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Paracentesis ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; Rupture ; Spleen ; Splenic Infarction ; Splenic Rupture* ; Splenomegaly ; Staphylococcus epidermidis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of brinzolamide 1%/brimonidine 0.2% fixed combination (BBFC) in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients. METHODS: This prospective study included patients treated with brinzolamide 1% monotherapy, brimonidine 0.2% monotherapy or brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.2% concomitant therapy, as well as newly diagnosed NTG patients. The enrolled patients who used brinzolamide 1% or brimonidine 0.2% switched to BBFC and newly diagnosed NTG patients were treated with BBFC. The patients receiving brinzolamide 1% or brimonidine 0.2% monotherapy or brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.2% concomitant therapy switched antiglaucoma drugs to BBFC. Newly diagnosed NTG patients used BBFC as the first therapy. The study consisted of 1 screening/baseline visit and 3 follow-up visits conducted after 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. Intraocular pressure (IOP), mean deviation value and adverse drug reactions were evaluated before treatment and after treatment with BBFC. RESULTS: The mean IOP in the brinzolamide 1% monotherapy group was 13.5 ± 1.6 mm Hg and the mean IOP after switched from brinzolamide 1% monotherapy to BBFC was 12.1 ± 1.5 mm Hg. The mean IOP in the brimonidine 0.2% monotherapy group was 14.2 ± 1.3 mm Hg and the mean IOP after switched from brimonidine 0.2% monotherapy to BBFC was 11.7 ± 1.5 mm Hg. The mean IOP was 11.9 ± 2.1 mm Hg in the brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.2% concomitant therapy group and the mean IOP after switched from brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.2% concomitant therapy to BBFC was 12.0 ± 1.1 mm Hg. The mean IOP and reduction rate were 10.7 ± 2.1 mm Hg and 35.5%, respectively,in the newly diagnosed NTG patients treated with BBFC. There was no serious adverse drug reaction causing ocular damage. CONCLUSIONS: BBFC provides a significant IOP reduction and is a safe antiglaucoma medication for NTG patients.
Brimonidine Tartrate ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Low Tension Glaucoma* ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male*

CHAP syndorme consists of choreoathetosis, orofacial dyskinesia, affective change, hypotonia, and pseudobulbar signs. CHAP syndrome was firstly des- cribed with onset 1 to 7 days after induced profound hypothermia and complete circulatory arrest for con- genital heart lesion repair. Since then, only a few cases have been reported until now. Case We report a patient who demonstrated all of the elements of the CHAP syndrome in severe cachexic state. Brain SPECT(99mTC-ECD) shows decreased perfusion in left fronto-parieto-temporal lobe. Comments The pathogenesis of CHAP syndrome is obscure. However our case led us to suggest that more essential component pre- disposing to the CHAP syndrome is hypoxia rather than hypothermia. Furthermore, it seems to be related with circulatory insufficiency in extrapyramidal nervous systems.
Anoxia ; Brain ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Movement Disorders ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Nervous System ; Perfusion