No abstract available in English.
Orthopedics ; Suction ; Wounds and Injuries

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is known to be prevalent in full-term babies, and relatively rare in prematures. The diagnosis of IHPS in premature infants may be obscured because of the lack of classical symptoms and signs and the absence of the standard criteria for ultrasonic diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to discover the clinical differences of IHPS between premature and full-term infants with pyloric stenosis, and to determine the appropriate diagnostic methods for early diagnosis in prematures. The clinical records of 52 IHPS patients who had been operated from October, 1994 to April, 1997 were reviewed. IHPS in premature infants was 25%. The onset of symptom was 4.7 weeks of age in premature, and 2.9 weeks in full-term babies. Diagnosis was established by typical symptoms, signs, and diagnostic imaging studies. In two premature infants, diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastrointestinal (GI) series, because ultrasonography did not meet the diagnostic criteria. Two premature infants diagnosed as gastroesophageal reflux by esophagography initially, were confirmed to have IHPS by upper GI series. For the diagnosis of IHPS, a new set of criteria for premature babies has to be developed.
Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Early Diagnosis ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Pyloric Stenosis ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Ultrasonography

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology (FNA) for diagnosis of a variety of breast tum- ors has been proven to be a simple, safe, and cost saving diagnostic methodology with high accuracy. Cytologic specimens from 1,029 fine needle aspirations of the breast during last 3-year period were reviewed and subsequent biopsies from 107 breast lesions were reevaluated for cytohistological correlation. FNA had a sensitivity of 81.6% and a specificity of 98.3%. One out of 107 cases bio- psied revealed a false positive result (0.9%) and the case was due to misinterpretation of apocrine metaplastic cells in necrotic backgound as malignant cells. A false negative rate was 8.4% (9 of 107 cases biopsied). Six of 9 false negative cases were resulted from insufficient aspirates for diagnosis, and remaining three of 9 false negative cases revealed extensive necrosis with no or scanty viable cells on smears. The results indicate that for reducing false positive and false negative rates of FNA, an experienced cytopathologist and a proficient aspirator are of great importance.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aspirations (Psychology) ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; Child* ; Cost Savings ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Needles ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus*

A 52-year-old women, suffering from generalized pruritus due to intrahepatic and common hepatic duct stones, was treated with astemizole, 30mg daily. Sixty one days later, convulsions and syncope developed suddenly during hospitalization. She had no history of arrhythmia, heart disease, electrolytes imbalance, or CNS disorders. As another case, a 44-year-old man suffering from pruritus due to liver cirrhosis, was treated with astemizole, 30mg daily. Thirty two days later, palpitations and syncope also developed suddenly during hospitalization. He was diagnosed liver cirrhosis, 3 years ago and there was no history of arrhythmia, heart disease, electrolytes imbalance, or CNS disorders. Administration of astemizole was stopped immediately. The laboratory investigations revealed the normal range of serum potassium, calcium and magnesium in both cases. The ECG finding showed the prolongation of QTc interval, frequent VPCs and intermittent polymorphic drugs. On 1st and 3rd day, after discontinue of astemisole, the ECG abnormalities disappeard. It is suggested that astemizole overdose can induce prolongation of QTc interval and torsade de pointes, especially in the patient with liver disease.
Adult ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Astemizole* ; Calcium ; Electrocardiography ; Electrolytes ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Magnesium ; Middle Aged ; Potassium ; Pruritus ; Reference Values ; Seizures ; Syncope ; Torsades de Pointes*

Neurilemmoma or Schwannoma is a arising from the sheath of Schwann and is embryologically derived from the neural crest. It is usually solitary and may be benign or malignant, solid or cystic. encapsulated or diffuse. We report a rare case of benign neurilemmoma (Antoni A type) of the penis in a 20 year-old male, and the relevant literature was reviewed.
Humans ; Male ; Neural Crest ; Neurilemmoma* ; Penis* ; Young Adult

Very early-onset schizophrenia (VEOS) has a very rare prevalence, below 2 in one million children. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a controversial treatment modality that is only rarely performed on children and adolescents. There is a marked paucity of published data relating to the indications, use, clinical outcome and complications of ECT in this age group. We reported a case of ECT in 11-year-old female patient with VEOS who displayed auditory and visual hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, and psychomotor agitation. The patient received 19 modified bilateral ECT through intravenous general anesthesia because of the unresponsiveness to risperidone, olanzapine, seroquel and amisulpride. During ECT, she remained on only risperdal 2 mg/day. After 15 treatments, there was significant improvement in her psychotic features. After 19 treatments, her psychotic features disappeared and her social activity was much improved. ECT in the management of childhood schizophrenia could be an effective treatment option, especially at the failure of pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic treatment modalities.
Adolescent ; Anesthesia, General ; Child ; Electroconvulsive Therapy* ; Female* ; Hallucinations ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia* ; Schizophrenia, Childhood ; Quetiapine Fumarate

BACKGROUND: It had been well known that breast feeding to infants has many advantages and benefits comparing to formula feeding. So, We performed this study to clarify the relationship between immunoglobulin (Ig) levels and diet during newborn period. METHODS: We measured the levels of IgG, IgA and IgM by Array 360 System (Beckman Instruments, CA, U.S.A). Subjects were 29 breast-fed and 13 formula-fed newborns. We evaluated the results and analyzed the change of concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM according to diet, sex and postnatal period. RESULTS: The levels of IgG, IgA and IgM in breast-fed newborns at postnatal 1-day were higher than formula-fed newborns, but the levels of Ig G and Ig A in formula-fed newborns at postnatal 30-day were higher than breast-fed newborns. CONCLUSIONS: There was no clinical signficance in the difference of IgG, IgA and IgM levels according to diet, sex and postnatal period, respectively.
Breast Feeding ; Diet ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn*

Schwannoma is a benign encapsulated nerve sheath tumor and is histologically characterized by a mixture of Antoni type A and B tissue. A preoperative diagnosis of schwannoma by fine needle aspiration cytology or by any other means is important to preserve clinically important nerves. Therefore, it is necessary to make a specific cytological diagnosis of nerve sheath tumor. However, there are a few reports regarding cytological features of schwannoma in Korea. We experienced seven cases of solitary schwannoma and here we report their characteristic cytological features with a review of literatures. The characteristic features of schwannoma on cytology were the presence of both Antoni type A and B tissue. The cytologic findings common to all cases of schwannoma generally corresponded to the histologic findings of Antoni type A tissue, consisting of fragments of tightly cohesive fascicles with variable cellularity. Dense fibrillary substances were found, along with palisading nuclei and Verocay bodies. Individual tumor cells consisted of cohesive cells having spindle or oval nuclei, with pointed ends and indistinct cell borders. Variation in nuclear size and shape was also present. The Antoni type B consisted of scattered wavy or short spindle cells and some histiocytes and lymphocytes in the abundant myxoid background with formation of microcysts. Immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein revealed a uniformly strong positive reaction and was helpful to make more accurate diagnosis of schwannoma.
Hemangioma

We report a case of herniated lumbar disc with sequestrated fragments which were located posterior and lateral to the thecal sac. A 60-year-old woman developed lumbago and sciatica one year prior to presentation and acute exacerbation occurred recently. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass that was located posteriorly and laterally to the dural sac at the L3-4 level. Laminectomy at L3-4 was done and several fragments were easily separated from the left posterolateral and posterior aspect of the dural sac. Microscopic evamination revealed disc fragment.
Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Laminectomy ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Sciatica