Five cases of tennis elbow seen during the time period from Jaunary 1983 to January 1985 had operative treatment. Of the five clinical cases, four elbows in three patients were treated with Nirschl and Pettrone operation. This operative technique included exposure of the extensor carpi radialis brevis, excision of the identified lesion, and repair. The following results were obtained. 1. Correct analysis of the patient's emotional stability was essential prior to undertaking surgical procedure for tennis elbow. 2. The results of Nirschl and Pettrone operation were graded as excellent in three elbows and fair in one.
Elbow ; Humans ; Mortuary Practice ; Tennis Elbow ; Tennis

Recently, several reports of extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis demonstrated by technetium-99mTc-IDAs scan have shown that 99mTc-IDAs can be used to detect extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. We report here a case of hepatocellular carcinoma with pulmonary nodules that were demonstrated as metastasis in nature by the use of the 99mTc-DISIDA. The findings in this case and several reports reviewed here suggest that the 99mTc-DISIDA scan may be a useful diagnostic agent that can detect the extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and stage the disease. But more clinical study in needed to establish the position of 99mTc-DISIDA in the field of diagnosis of extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin

No Abstract Available.
Allografts* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

A study was performed to investigate a relationship between the status of T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and the pathogenesis of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reactions. T lymphocyte subsets, B lymphocytes and serum immnnoglobulin levels were explored in 40 leprosy patients (10 tuberculoid (TT), 17 lepromatous (LL), and 13 lepromatous with ENL). In patients with LL, suppressor cells increased and helper cell diminished, resulting in a decrease in the helper/suppressor (Th/Ts) ratio to 0.86 + 0.20, as compared with controls (1. 77 + 0.41). But in ENL patients, there was a significant diminution of suppressor cells and an increase of helper cells, resulting in an increase in Th/Ts ratio to 2.08 + 0.30. Four weeks after treatment of ENL, Th/Ts ratio decreased to l.18+ 0.31 again. The mean percentages of B cells and serum immunoglobulin levels in with LL. and ENL increased significantly compared with controls. Only IgG increased in patients with ENL compared with patients with LL. The results in patiients with TT did not differ significantly from those of controls. The findings suggest that cell-mediated immune responses, imbalance in T lymphocyte subsets, may play a role in the pathogenesis of ENL, either directly or by inducing an antibody critical to the formation of the immune complex
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; B-Lymphocytes ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Leprosy ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets* ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and implement a laughter therapy program for middle-aged women hospitalized in psychiatric wards and evaluate its effects on their hope, self-efficacy, and medication adherence. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control pre–post quasi-experimental design. Sixty middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients were enrolled in total, with 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental group participated in laughter therapy sessions twice a week for a total of eight 60-minute sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, x2 test, and repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS/Win 20.0. Results: Following the implementation of the laughter therapy program, significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in hope (t=-0.21, p<.001) and self-efficacy (t=2.65, p=.010). However, there was no significant difference found in medication adherence (t=-0.11, p=.077). Conclusion These findings indicate that the laughter therapy program effectively enhanced hope and self-efficacy among middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients. Future interventions should consider incorporating strategies to enhance medication adherence as well, as this would ultimately contribute to the development of comprehensive mental health nursing interventions for middle-aged women.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and implement a laughter therapy program for middle-aged women hospitalized in psychiatric wards and evaluate its effects on their hope, self-efficacy, and medication adherence. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control pre–post quasi-experimental design. Sixty middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients were enrolled in total, with 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental group participated in laughter therapy sessions twice a week for a total of eight 60-minute sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, x2 test, and repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS/Win 20.0. Results: Following the implementation of the laughter therapy program, significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in hope (t=-0.21, p<.001) and self-efficacy (t=2.65, p=.010). However, there was no significant difference found in medication adherence (t=-0.11, p=.077). Conclusion These findings indicate that the laughter therapy program effectively enhanced hope and self-efficacy among middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients. Future interventions should consider incorporating strategies to enhance medication adherence as well, as this would ultimately contribute to the development of comprehensive mental health nursing interventions for middle-aged women.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and implement a laughter therapy program for middle-aged women hospitalized in psychiatric wards and evaluate its effects on their hope, self-efficacy, and medication adherence. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control pre–post quasi-experimental design. Sixty middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients were enrolled in total, with 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental group participated in laughter therapy sessions twice a week for a total of eight 60-minute sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, x2 test, and repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS/Win 20.0. Results: Following the implementation of the laughter therapy program, significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in hope (t=-0.21, p<.001) and self-efficacy (t=2.65, p=.010). However, there was no significant difference found in medication adherence (t=-0.11, p=.077). Conclusion These findings indicate that the laughter therapy program effectively enhanced hope and self-efficacy among middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients. Future interventions should consider incorporating strategies to enhance medication adherence as well, as this would ultimately contribute to the development of comprehensive mental health nursing interventions for middle-aged women.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and implement a laughter therapy program for middle-aged women hospitalized in psychiatric wards and evaluate its effects on their hope, self-efficacy, and medication adherence. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control pre–post quasi-experimental design. Sixty middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients were enrolled in total, with 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental group participated in laughter therapy sessions twice a week for a total of eight 60-minute sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, x2 test, and repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS/Win 20.0. Results: Following the implementation of the laughter therapy program, significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in hope (t=-0.21, p<.001) and self-efficacy (t=2.65, p=.010). However, there was no significant difference found in medication adherence (t=-0.11, p=.077). Conclusion These findings indicate that the laughter therapy program effectively enhanced hope and self-efficacy among middle-aged female psychiatric inpatients. Future interventions should consider incorporating strategies to enhance medication adherence as well, as this would ultimately contribute to the development of comprehensive mental health nursing interventions for middle-aged women.

Eotaxin is an important inflammatory chemokine in eosinophil chemotaxis and activation and, thus, is implicated in asthma. Recently, obesity was associated with an increased prevalence of asthma, but the relationship between obesity and eotaxin expression has only been partially understood in obese mice and human studies. Therefore, we studied the expression patterns of eotaxin in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes/adipocytes to determine whether eotaxin levels are influenced by body weight gain and/or reduction in diet-induced obese mice. First, we investigated eotaxin expression during differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Then, we treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes/adipocytes with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), eotaxin, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, or leptin. To examine the effects of weight loss in high-fat diet induced obese mice, we fed C57BL/6 mice a high-fat diet or a normal diet for 26 weeks. Then, half of the high-fat diet group were fed a normal diet until 30 weeks to reduce weight. Epididymal adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, serum, and bronchoalveolar fluid of mice were examined for eotaxin expression. The results showed that eotaxin expression levels increased with adipocyte differentiation and that more eotaxin was expressed when the cells were stimulated with TNF-alpha, eotaxin, IL-4, IL-5, or leptin. An in vivo study showed that eotaxin levels were reduced in visceral adipose tissues when high-fat diet fed mice underwent weight loss. Taken together, these results indicate a close relationship between eotaxin expression and obesity as well as weight loss, thus, they indirectly show a relation to asthma.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Asthma ; Body Weight ; Chemotaxis ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-5 ; Interleukins ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Leptin ; Mice ; Mice, Obese ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy with peritoneal carbon dioxide insufflation is a standard procedure in many gynecological departments. And more prolonged gynecological laparoscopic operations are being performed in recent years, and a steeper head-down position is required. Despite laparoscopic operations have many advantages, peritoneal insufflation of CO2 to create the pneumoperitoneum necessary for laparoscopy induces intraoperative hemodynamic changes that complicate anesthetic management of laparoscopy.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of general anesthesia on hemodynamics during loparoscopic hysterectomy. METHODS: Twenty six women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomly allocated to either a propofol (Group 1, n=13) intravenous anesthesia or a enflurane (Group 2, n=13) anesthesia with fentanyl-N2O/O2-vecuronium. Hemodynamic parameters were measured before induction (T1), 5 min after induction (T2), 5 min after head-down (T3), 5, 10, 15, 20 min after pneumoperitoneum (T4, T5, T6, T7), 5, 10 min after deflation (T8, T9). The MAP, HR, CI, SVRI, SI were measured by transthoracic electrical bioimpedence method and automated blood pressure device. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure were increased during pneumoperitonem in both groups and heart rate were increased in Group 2. The cardic index were decreased in both groups after induction by 27.4 % in Group 1 and 25.7% in Group 2. The systemic vascular resistanace index were increased in both groups from head-down to after deflation by 68.3% in Group 1, 73.1% in Group 2 maximally. No significant changes of stroke index were observed during surgery in Group 1. CONCLUSIONS: Laproscopy with CO2 insufflation induces significant hemodynamic changes includig increases of MAP, SVR and a reduction of CI. And usual intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring; the blood pressure and heart rate give no information on the reduction in cardic output.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide ; Enflurane ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Propofol ; Stroke