No abstract available.
Lymphoma*

PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of vertical deviation in the intermittent exotropia. METHODS: Fifty consecutive intermittent exotropes over age of 5 were prospectively studied. Patients with any significant ocular and neurologic abnormalities or orbital anatomic abnormalities, definite oblique dysfunction with A or V pattern were excluded. Ophthalmologic evaluation included visual acuity, ocular movements, measurements of angle of deviation by prism cover test, Bielschowsky head tilt test, stereoacuity test, and fundus observation for torsion by indirect ophthalmoscopy. RESULTS: We found that 27 children(54%) had concomitant hypertropia in primary position. Mean amount of hypertropia was 4.81 PD(range: 2~20 PD). Thirty nine children(78%) showed positive Bielschowsky head tilt test. No objective torsion was observed. No inferior oblique overaction was found except for only 2 patients. All subjects had good visual acuity and stereopsis. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of vertical deviation in the intermittent exotropia is much higher than expected. All of the vertical deviations show positive Bielschowsky head tilt test.
Depth Perception ; Exotropia* ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Orbit ; Prospective Studies ; Strabismus* ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Korea*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between socioeconomic status and adherence to health check-ups in a Korean population aged 40 years or older. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 12,311 participants who participated in the 2010–2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess each participant's socioeconomic status (household income, occupation, and education) and adherence to health check-ups. RESULTS: Men with a higher income (highest vs. lowest: odds ratio [OR], 1.799; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.296–2.497) and men with a higher education level (≥12 vs. < 6 years: OR, 1.488; 95% CI, 1.078–2.054) and office workers compared with manual workers (men: OR, 1.431; 95% CI, 1.077–1.902; women: OR, 1.783; 95% CI, 1.256–2.532) appeared to undergo more health check-ups. In particular, men and women with a higher income and education appeared more likely to undergo opportunistic health check-ups (men: highest vs. lowest income: OR, 2.380; 95% CI, 1.218–4.653; ≥12 vs. < 6 years education: OR, 2.121; 95% CI, 1.142–3.936; women: highest vs. lowest income: OR, 4.042; 95% CI, 2.239–7.297; ≥12 vs. < 6 years education: OR, 2.475; 95% CI, 1.283–4.775). CONCLUSION: A higher socioeconomic status was associated with a higher rate of participation in health check-ups. More efforts are needed to identify the factors associated with disparity in adherence to health check-ups.
Adult* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Occupations ; Odds Ratio ; Public Health ; Social Class*

No abstract available.

Lymphangioma is a benign vascular lesion with characteristics of subepithelial tumor which can proliferate in the lymphatic system. Lymphangioma of the small-bowel mesentery is rare, having been reported in less than 2% of all lymphangiomas. Lymphangioma does not require any specific treatment because it is absolutely a benign tumor. However, surgical exploration is rarely required for cases with disease-related symptoms or complications, or for those misdiagnosed as a malignant lesion. We recently experienced a case of mesenteric cavernous lymphangomas in a 53-year-old female who was misdiagnosed as having a liposarcoma. The final diagnosis was confirmed by a pathologic examination of the specimen that was obtained via laparoscopic exploration. Herein, we report a very rare case of mesenteric cavernous lymphangioma along with a brief review of relevant literature.
Female ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/pathology ; Laparoscopy ; Lymphangioma/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Mesentery/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to review 4 years' experience of peritoneal inclusion cysts at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective study of 50 cases of peritoneal inclusion cyst between April 1, 1999 and June 30, 2003 was carried out and then clinical feature, preoperative diagnostic findings, operative findings and recurrence were compared with previous reports. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 40.2 years old and most of them were premenopausal. The majority (94%) of patients had history of laparotomy and most (70.2%) of them had history of total hysterectomy. The values of tumor makers such as CA125 and CA19-9 were normal in most of the patients. The peritoneal inclusion cysts usually generate on the left side of the pelvic cavity, size of them were often (59.6%) 5 to 10 cm and they usually (65.4%) have septum in ultrasonographic findings. They probably had pelvic adhesion or ovarian cyst with them in operative findings. Most of the recurrence occurred after only adhesiolysis was done. CONCLUSION: Because peritoneal inclusion cyst is benign and uncommon disease, its preoperative diagnosis rate was low. In our experience of 50 cases of peritoneal inclusion cyst, most of the patients have history of laparotomy and were premenopausal. When the ultrasonographic findings of cyst are 5 cm to 10 cm in size and have septum, they are likely to be peritoneal inclusion cyst. Their recurrence might be more common when adhesiolysis only was performed.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Laparotomy ; Ovarian Cysts ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography*

The foreign bodies in vagina cause intense inflammation. Genital complaints in patients could indicate the presence of a vaginal foreign object. Vaginal bleeding and blood-stained, foul-smelling discharge are considered to be the main clinical manifestations of vaginal foreign bodies, and toilet tissue reported as the most commonly found foreign body. The insertion of foreign bodies into the vagina is not uncommon but presentation as lower abdominal pain in an gynaecological clinic is rare. The causes of insertion are sexual stimulation, sexual abuse, accident of post-surgery and most cases find a solution after vaginal speculum examination. We describe a case of foreign body in the vagina of a patient presenting with chronic lower abdominal pain but undetectable and unrecognized in general examination.
Abdominal Pain ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Sex Offenses ; Surgical Instruments ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Vagina ; Young Adult

Human ovarian follicles reduce rapidly in number throughout fetal and adult life. Throughout the menstrual cycles, primordial follicles grow into mature follicles and then ovulate to form corpus luteum. Apoptosis has been implicated in several events that occur during the process of follicular growth, atresia and the regression of the corpus luteum. By the use of immunohistochemistry, we clarified the involvement of apoptosis in the human ovary during follicular growth, regression and atresia by investigating the expression of Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad in primordial follicles, primary follicles and mature follicles. Fas immunostaining was present in primordial oocytes, both oocytes and granulosa cells of primary follicles, preantral follicles and all follicular cells of mature follicles. Fas-ligand and Bad immunostaining patterns were similar to those of Fas except for theca cells. Bcl-2 immunostaining was present in both oocytes and granulosa cells of primary, preantral and mature follicles. In corpus luteum, Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad immunostaining were observed and decreased in the regressing corpus luteum. In postmenopausal ovary, Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad immunostaining were entirely negative. Bad immunostaining was observed but Bcl-2 was not in atretic follicle. These results suggest that Fas, Fas-ligand, Bcl-2 and Bad may play important roles in human ovary during follicular growth, regression and atresia simultaneously. Further studies should be required to elucidate the underlying mechanism and apoptosis of the disease associated with normal and abnormal ovarian aging.
Adult ; Aging ; Apoptosis ; Corpus Luteum ; Female ; Granulosa Cells ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Menstrual Cycle ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Follicle* ; Ovary ; Theca Cells