No abstract available.
Osteotomy*

No abstract available.
Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Respiratory Rate* ; Tidal Volume*

No abstract available.
Osteochondritis Dissecans* ; Osteochondritis*

On the length, strength, free lateral motion, and perfect mobility of the thumb, depends the power of the human hand. The thumb is called pollex because of its strength and that strength is necessary to the power of the hand being equal to that of all the fingers."So stated Sir Chales Bell in the fourth Bridgewater Treatise, first published in 1833. Morrison and O'Brien advocated reconstruction of the thumb with a free wrap around flap from the big toe to recreate a stable, sensate and functional digit including the nail in 1980. From March, 1982 to July, 1988, Twelve thumb reconstructions were performed using the wrap around procedure at Hanyang University Hospital;12 successful thumb reconstructions were reviewed at an average of 16 months after surgery. There were several complications;these included skin necrosis(4), malunion(1), resorption of the bone graft(7). We considered that cosmesis and function were good;pinch grip averaged 68% of normal, sensibility returned in all patients as assessed by two-point discrimination(average 9.5mm). Over all the results are as follows. 1. The wrap around technic provides a good method of reconstruction. 2. The wrap around technic is one stage operation and can be used in the level of metacarpal amputation. 3. The surgeon should be familiar with microsurgical technic.
Amputation ; Hallux ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Methods ; Skin ; Thumb

No abstract available.

Effect of infusion and bolus injection of lidocaine on the pressure response to the increased intracranial pressure(ICP) was investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 1) Arterial blood pressure(BP) and ICP were significantly raised by infusing saline(0.05ml/min) into an epidural balloon. 2) Infusing of lidocaine(0.5mg/kg/min) into an ear vein minutely inhibited the elevation of BP and ICP when infusing saline into an epidural balloon. However, infusion of lidocaine(1.5mg/kg/min) markedly inhibited the elevation of BP and ICP. 3) Repeating the infusion of saline into the epidural balloon with intervals, the duration reached to the level of 80-10 mmHg ICP was gradually shortened. Each depressor response to the first, second and third injection of lidocaine(3 mg/kg) was similar. The first injection transiently reduced the elevated ICP, but the second and third injection reduced that significantly and the reducing effect was gradually prolonged according to repeating the lidocaine injection. These results show that lidocaine could delay the elevation of ICP and reduce the previously increased ICP by infusing saline into an epidural balloon.
Ear ; Intracranial Hypertension* ; Lidocaine* ; Rabbits* ; Veins

Reports of osteomyelitis in the proximal humerus with pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis of adjacent joints mostly involve pediatric patients. Nowadays, osteomyelitis that is secondary to adjacent pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis is extremely rare, even more so in adults than in pediatrics. We report a rare case of the pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis followed by osteomyelitis of the proximal humerus in an elderly patient. Initially, we diagnosed a case of pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis only, which, despite arthroscopic synovectomy, did not resolve and severe pain continued. Subsequent radiological imaging, performed after our suspicion of a secondary involvement, allowed us to diagnose osteomyelitis combined with the pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis, which we had overlooked because of the extreme rarity of the condition in adults since the antibiotic era began.
Adult ; Aged* ; Arthritis* ; Arthritis, Infectious ; Humans ; Humerus* ; Joints ; Osteomyelitis* ; Pediatrics ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Collagen* ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver*

No abstract available.
Prune Belly Syndrome*

PURPOSE: The incidence of clinical nephritis is much higher especially in younger ages and in about one half of the cases, it also shows nephrotic syndrome. Thus, we examine the clinical and pathologic consideration of children with lupus nephritis and their treatment modality to improve the prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Among 67 cases of children under eighteen who were diagnosed SLE, 50 patients with hematuria and proteinuria from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1996 were selected for the review. RESULTS: The ratio of the male to female patient was 1:3.5 and the average age at the diagnosis was 11.85+/-3.2 years old. Most common clinical manifestations at the time of the diagnosis were fever and skin rashes and the common laboratory results were proteinuria, hematuria, Out of 50 cases, 33 cases had renal biopsy. The results were 17 cases of Class IV, 7 cases of Class lll, 5 cases of Class lll, 3 cases of Class V and 1 case of Class l. Different treatment modalities were carried out; Corticosteroid only 21 cases, Corticosteroid+Azathioprine 25 cases, Corticosteroid+Cyclophosphamide 3 cases, and Corticosteroid+Cyclosporine A 1 case. However, there were no significant difference in the recurrence and complete remission rate of lupus nephritis in between each treatment groups. Average follow-up period was 37+/-23 months. Of all the follow-ups, 7 patients were dead. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis should be carried out with renal biopsy, and should be considered for vigorous therapy, which currently includes high doses of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs. Among these immunosuppressive agents, azathioprine has a lower incidence of long-term complications and low costs might be recommended. In addition, regular check-up for anti-DNA antibody, serum complement concentration and appropriate moniroting and management for the adverse effects of the treatment should enable to reach the continuous remission.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Azathioprine* ; Biopsy ; Child* ; Complement System Proteins ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Incidence ; Lupus Nephritis* ; Male ; Nephritis ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Recurrence