No abstract available.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Spasms, Infantile*

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of acetabular revision using the acetabular reinforcement ring and also the allograft impaction in the acetabulum having deficient bone stock. Material and Methods: Nineteen hips revision arthroplasty were performed in 18 patients (9 males and 9 females) with using an acetabular reinforcement ring and allograft between July 1993 and December 2003. The patients were followed for an average of 64 months (range: 24-153). The mean age at the time of arthroplasty was 59 years old (range: 34-76). The causes of revision were aseptic loosening of the acetabular component in 16 cases, severe progressive osteolysis around the acetabular component in 2 cases and Girdlestone state after infected total hip arthroplasty in one case. The acetabular deficiency was type II in 5 hips, type III in 13 hips, and type IV in one hip according to the AAOS classification. The clinical results were evaluated using the modified Harris hip score, and the radiologic results were evaluated by assessing the preoperative and serial follow-up radiographs. Results: The mean preoperative Harris hip score of 47 was improved to 86 points at the latest follow-up. Periacetabular osteolysis was found in 2 cases, which did not progress at follow-up. The anatomic hip center was restored after revision arthroplasty (p<0.05). Complications were dislocation in 2 cases, breakage of the hook of the Ganz ring in one case, heterotopic ossification in one case and femoral artery injury in one case. All cases showed stable fixation of the acetabular component and good remodelling of the impacted allograft. There was neither recurrence of dislocation nor progression of the acetabular component loosening on the radiographs. Conclusion: Acetabular revision with acetabular reinforcement ring and allograft impaction showed satisfactory clinical and radiologic results with restoration of the hip center and consolidation of the allograft.
Acetabulum* ; Allografts* ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Classification ; Dislocations ; Femoral Artery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Osteolysis ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVE: The involvement of IGF system in hyperandrogenism and abnormal follicular development is controversial. This study is to assess whether IGF system contribute to it in the women with polycystic ovary(PCO). METHODS: Baseline serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), androstenedione (ADD), prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-I, free IGF-II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein(IGFBP)-1, and IGFBP-3 were measured in twelve healthy regularly cycling volunteers and forty-two women with PCO then, the changes of baseline serum levels were evaluated after laparoscopic ovarian electrocauterization in nine PCO patients. In addition, the expression pattern of IGF-I and IGF-II was examined in the ovary of control and PCO group. RESULTS: Baseline levels of LH, ADD, free IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 were significantly higher in PCO group. However, there were no significant differences in the levels of free IGF-I and IGFBP-1, although free IGF-I showed decreasing tendency in PCO group. And there was a significant positive correlation between the LH and free IGF-II level in the PCO(P=0.011, r2=0.3899), but not in the control. After ovarian electrocauterization, LH, T, and ADD levels decreased, and free IGF-I and IGFBP-3 level increased. While free IGF-II and IGFBP-1 level showed no significant changes. In the ovary, expression of both IGFs showed similar pattern in normal and PCO ovaries. CONCLUSIONS: The elevated IGFBP-3 level may alter the bioavailability of IGF(s) in the PCO. The change in IGF-I level and resumption of ovulation after electrocauterization, suggest a possible role of IGF system in the impairment of follicular development in the PCO.
Androstenedione ; Biological Availability ; Carrier Proteins* ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Humans ; Hyperandrogenism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; Luteinizing Hormone ; Ovary* ; Ovulation ; Prolactin ; Somatomedins* ; Testosterone ; Thyrotropin ; Volunteers

Three cases of giant pituitray adenoma are reported. Two cases were operated by transsphenoidal approach and a case by transcranial approach. Transsphenoidal approach showed satisfactory results despite of marked suprasellar extension of tumors. We report rare giant pituitary adenomas with review of relevant literatures.
Adenoma ; Pituitary Neoplasms*

Following the Anthrax bioterrorism attacks in the US in 2001, the Korean government established comprehensive countermeasures against bioterrorism. These measures included the government assuming management of all infectious agents that cause diseases, including smallpox, anthrax, plaque, botulism, and the causative agents of viral hemorrhagic fevers (ebola fever, marburg fever, and lassa fever) for national security. In addition, the Korean government is reinforcing the ability to prepare and respond to bioterrorism. Some of the measures being implemented include revising the laws and guidelines that apply to the use of infectious agents, the construction and operation of dual surveillance systems for bioterrorism, stockpiling and managing products necessary to respond to an emergency (smallpox vaccine, antibiotics, etc.) and vigorously training emergency room staff and heath workers to ensure they can respond appropriately. In addition, the government's measures include improved public relations, building and maintaining international cooperation, and developing new vaccines and drugs for treatments of infectious agents used to create bioweapons.
Anti-Infective Agents/supply & distribution ; Bacteria ; *Bioterrorism ; Disaster Planning/legislation & jurisprudence/*organization & administration ; Disease Notification/methods ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Humans ; Korea ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; *Sentinel Surveillance ; Vaccines/supply & distribution ; Viruses

No abstract available.
Encephalitis* ; Prognosis*

No abstract available.
Chylothorax* ; Chylous Ascites*

No abstract available.
Regeneration*

No abstract available.
Extremities* ; Osteogenesis* ; Ultrasonography*

OBJECTIVES: Multiple studies have found that cigarette smokers are more likely to experience sleep disturbances than non-smokers. This study aimed to examine various associations between smoking and sleep quality according to sex and age, which have yet to be sufficiently examined in prior studies. METHODS: Data analysis was conducted using a nationally representative sample of 224,986 Korean adults who participated in the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey. Sleep quality, as the dependent variable, was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with PSQI scores indicating either good (≤4 points) or poor (>5 points) sleep quality. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed considering socio-demographic factors, health behaviors, comorbidities, and psychological factors as covariates. RESULTS: The overall weighted prevalence of poor sleep quality was 39.4% (95% confidence interval, 39.1 to 39.7). In the multivariate model that excluded psychological factors, poor sleep quality positively correlated to smoking for both sexes and all age groups except for male aged ≥65 years. However, in the full model that included psychological factors, statistically significant odds ratios (approximately 1.5) for poor sleep quality according to smoking status were only observed for female under 65 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between poor sleep quality and smoking status differed according to sex and age. In order to improve the quality of sleep, it is necessary to intervene smoking cessation along with solving psychological problems, especially female in middle age and younger.