No abstract available.

Anti-E and anti-c is one of the clinical significant irregular antibodies developing a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Since anti-c occurs frequently with anti-E in immunized people whosoe cells are E-and c-, it has been recommended to select blood of the patient's own R1 phenotype for transfusion, even when the presence of anti-c cannot be demonstrated in his/her serum. To determine the utility of this approach, we reviewed the blood bank laboratory records of patients identified anti-E and anti-c in his/her serum in Severance hospital over a 12 year period (1985-1996). During the 12-year period of study, 53 patients were identified with anti-E and/or anti-c; 30(56.6%) patients had anti-E alone, 6(11.3%) had anti-c, and 17(32.1%) had both. Thirty eight of forty two patients whose Rh-hr phenotypes were tested were R1R1. Of these 38 R1R1 patients, 16 patients (42.1%) presented with anti-c concomitant with anti-E. Ouru study showed that the incidence of antni-c in R1R1 patients with anti-E is similar to that of studies reported in Caucasian groups. We highly suggest the transfusion protocol of prophylactic use of c negative blood for R1R1 patients with anti-E. Furthermore, because anti-c may be present in concentrations too low to be detected, the enzyme technique is recommended in parallel with standard serologic methods for the identification of irregular antibodies.
Antibodies ; Blood Banks ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Polyarteritis Nodosa*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study were to examine the level of climacteric symptom, coping and depression among middle-aged women and to identify the relationship between climacteric symptom, coping and depression. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 275 middle-aged women visiting obstetrics and gynecology hospital in one metropolitan city. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean climacteric symptom score was .54, the mean depression score was .74 and the mean coping score was .35. The level of climacteric symptom, depression and coping were slightly lower than those of other studies. There were positive relationships between climacteric symptom and depression and between climacteric symptom and coping. CONCLUSIONS: To promote physical and emotional health of middle-aged women, more attention is necessary to decrease their climacteric symptom and depression. These results can be used for nursing intervention and care programs for creating better quality of life for middle-aged women.
Climacteric ; Depression ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Obstetrics ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma is a very rare malignant, pigmented, epidermal tumor. The rarity of pigmented squamous cell carcinomas may reflect in part their misdiagnosis as other pigmented neoplasms, particularly malignant melanoma. To our knowledge, only five cases have been reported in literature. We recently experienced a case of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma arising from pigmented actinic keratosis in a 77 years old female. Physical examination showed a 0.8 0.6 cm, smooth, dark brown pigmented patch with irregular but sharply defined borders located on the upper left chest. The biopsy specimen showed histologic findings of pigmented actinic keratosis with abundant melanin pigments, which became pigmented squamous cell carcinoma. Most of pigments in the squamous cell carcinoma were contained within the melanocytes along with the neoplastic squamous cells.
Actins* ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Keratosis, Actinic* ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma ; Physical Examination ; Skin ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Heart* ; Thoracic Surgery*

Successful treatment of the non-growing patient with an open bite of either dental skeletal pattern often presents a difficult challenge. The morphologic pattern in anterior open bite is characterized by longer vertical dimensions, an increase in development of the maxillary posterior dento-alveolar structure and a steep mandibular plane. In such cases, molar intrusion would be a good remedy for treatment. This article reports the successful treatment and retention of two anterior open-bite cases. We used orthodontic mini-implants for treatment and a circumferential retainer with posterior bite block or skeletal fixed retainer for retention. The diagnostic criteria and mechanics for appropriate treatment are discussed. Our results suggest that open bite can be reduced successfully with intrusion of molars using orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) without orthognathic surgery, and that circumferential retainer with posterior bite block and skeletal fixed retainer are effective for retention.
Adult ; Bites and Stings ; Humans ; Mechanics ; Molar ; Open Bite ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Retention (Psychology) ; Vertical Dimension

No abstract available.
Danazol* ; Panniculitis*

No abstract available.
Neurofibromatoses*

No abstract available.
Granuloma Annulare ; Rheumatoid Nodule