Measurement of various portions of the corpus callosum was performed on magnetic resonance(MR) images of 114 subjects with no known or suspected corpus callosal disorders. Midsagittal T1-weighted images used for measurements and mean diameters of various portions in each age and sex group were obtained. Measures of five portions were made : (A) the anterio-posterior length, (B) the diameter of genu portion, (C) the diameter of splenium, (D) the diameter of and mid-body portion, (E) the diameter of narrow portion at the body of corpus callosum. The mean diameter in each gender group for A, B, C, D, and E were 68.8mm, 12.1mm, 12.3mm, 6.9mm, 4.1mm in male and 69.9mm, 12.0mm, 12.1mm, 6.4mm, 4.1mm in female, respectively. The groups of 0-9 years of both genders showed the minimum mean value in each portion.
Corpus Callosum* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Differentiation*

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Blood Donors* ; Chemistry* ; Chlamydia* ; Chlamydophila pneumoniae* ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Prevalence*

The VATER syndrome is a group of congenital anomalies with a nonrandom tendency for concurrence. Defects include vertebral, anorectal malformation, tracheoesophageal fisutla with esophageal atresia, radial-limb, vascular, and renal abnormalities. The critical period of organogenesis is at or before the sixth or seventh week of gestation. We experienced one case of VATER syndrome in a 1 day old male neonate having vertebral anomalies, esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula to the distal esophageal segment, imperforated anus, left renal dysplasia with hydronephrosis of the right kidney and both hydroureter, patent ductus arteriosus. We report a case of VATER syndrome with brief review of related literature.
Anal Canal ; Critical Period (Psychology) ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Esophageal Atresia ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney ; Male ; Organogenesis ; Pregnancy ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula

In the present study, culture conditions to secrete proteinases from C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis were examined. All three Candida species were found to secrete proteinases from acceleration phase to stationary phase, although the proteinase activities in culture filtrate were maximal during late exponential or early stationary phase. The proteinase activity in the culture filtrate of C. albicans cells grown at 30'C, was much higher than those grown at either 20 or 37'C. In culture of C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis, the highest activity was found in culture filtrate grown at 37C. C. albicans secreted proteinases well in medium at initial pH 4.0-7.0. The optimal initial pH of medium for proteinase secretion was 7.0 for C. tropicalis and 5.0-6.0 for C. parapsilosis. All three Candida species secreted proteinases to greater amount in aerobic state. The most effective carbon source for proteinase secretion was xylose, glucose, maltose and sucrose for C. albicans, xylose for C. tropicalis and trehalose for C. parapsilosis. The effects of proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, ammonium sulfate as a sole nitrogen source on proteinase secretion were examined. Bovine serum albumin was the most effective nitrogen source of those tested and a little proteinase activity was detected in the culture filtrates when yeast cells were incubated in the medium containing ammonium sulfate. C. parapsilosis secreted proteinases to greater amount than the other Candida species in all nitrogen sources under study, indicating that C. parapsilosis proteinase would not be a inducible but a constitutive enzyme.
Acceleration ; Ammonium Sulfate ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Carbon ; Glucose ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Maltose ; Nitrogen ; Peptide Hydrolases* ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; Sucrose ; Trehalose ; Xylose ; Yeasts

Iron deficient state occurs commonly in the athlets, and the cause may be inadequate iron intake, loss of iron from sweat, blood loss of gastrointestinal tract, and hematuria. The age of the athletes ranged from 11 to 17 years old. I messured red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and related hematologic factors in the 32 adolescent female athletes and 21 female controls. a hematologic comparison was perfomed between the athletes and controls. The results obtained were as follows: 1) A value of hemoglobin were 11.6+/-1.4g/dl in the athletes and 12:4+/-0.8g/dl in controls (p<0.05). 2) Hematocrits were 34.1+/-3.4% in the athletes and 37.4+/-2.3% in controls (p<0.05). 3)A value of red bolld cell distribution width values were 13.9+/-2.1% in the athletes and 12.2+/-1.1% in controls (p<0.05). 4) Serum iron was 87.7+/-30.3ug/dl in the athletes and 121.8+/-39.0ug/dl in controls (p<0.001). 5) Total iron binding capacity was 445:6+/-31.8ug/dl in the athletes and 384:6+/-54.2ug/dl in controls (p<0.001). 6) Mean transferrin saturation values were 19.7+/-6.9% in the athletes and 32.5+/-10.8% in control (p<0.001). 7) Ferritin was 14.5+/-10.0ng/ml in the athletes and 33.9+/-13.9ng/ml in controls (p<0.001). 8) The duration of exercise was 4.8+/-2.5 years in the stage III iron deficiency, whil 3.0+/-2.0 years in normal group in iron deficient state (p<0.05).
Adolescent* ; Athletes* ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female* ; Ferritins ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hematocrit ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Iron* ; Sweat ; Transferrin

Dermal melanocytosis is characterized by the presence of ectopic melanocytes in the dermis and shows several morphological forms, including the mongolian spot, the blue nevus, the nevus of Ota, the nevus of Ito, and dermal melanocyte hamartoma. A 30-month-old boy had a gray blue patch on the left deltoid region, upper back, sacral area, the entire length of the right arm, and right hand. There was a bluish speckled patch on the right palm. The lesions were present at birth, and no appreciable change in appearance had occurred. He also had blue to brownish pigmentation on the right side of his face with dark bluish pigmentation of the right sclera. His Mental and physical development had been normal. The histopathological examination revealed dendritic dermal melanocytes, mainly in the upper and mid dermis. Clinically and pathologically, the patient was diagnosed as having Ota nevus, Ito nevus, mongolian spot, and dermal melanocyte hamartoma. To our knowledge, dermal melanocytosis with 4 different morphological forms in a patient has not previously been reported. We report this unique case of dermal melanocytosis with various morphological forms.
Arm ; Child, Preschool ; Dermis ; Hamartoma ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Melanocytes ; Mongolian Spot ; Nevus ; Nevus of Ota ; Nevus, Blue ; Parturition ; Pigmentation ; Sclera

This study was undertaken to compare the effects of furosemide on the serum concentration of sodium and osmolality after transurethral prostatic resection(TURP) using cytal solution, and to determine the adequate time of administration of frurosemide. At the end of prostatic resection, 15 patients were allocated randomly to receive furosemide (furosemide group) and were compared with 15 patients without administration of furosemide (control group). There was no difference in mean serum concentation of sodium between two groups. Serum osmolality in furosemide group was significantly increased as compared with control group one hour after operation. So cytal solution used during staged TURP and short operation within one hour do not affect serum corcentration of sodium and administration of furosemide is not associated with a change in serum concentration of sodium. But furosemide meaningfully increases the serum osmolality and it is more effective to administer it with administration at the end of prostatic reseetion.
Furosemide* ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Osmolar Concentration* ; Sodium* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate*

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is characteristic of lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) between the third and sixth cranial nerve nucleus. Bilateral INO is due to bilateral lesions of MLF. We present here one case of bilateral INO in tuberculous meningitis.
Abducens Nerve ; Ocular Motility Disorders* ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Miliary*

The localization and number of oxytocin- and vasopressin-immunoreactive neurons (OXY-IR & VP-IR) and their fibers in the hypothalamic areas (supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area and median eminence) of the hypophysectomized rat were compared with normal rats at 6 months of survival after surgery at the light microscopic level. The number of VP-IR neurons was markedly decreased in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the hypophysectomized rats as compared to normal rats. Moreover, The number of VP-IR fibers was decresed in the SON, PVN, lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and median eminence in the hypophysectomized rats. The number of OXY-IR neurons and thier fibers were also decreased in the SON and PVN in the hypophysectomized rats. The present results demonstrate that hypophysectomy induces a significant decrease in the number of OXY- and VPIR neurons and fibers within hypothalamic areas (SON, PVN, and LHA at 6 months of post-hypophysectomy) are decreased.
Animals ; Hypophysectomy ; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral ; Immunohistochemistry ; Median Eminence ; Neurons* ; Oxytocin* ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Rats* ; Supraoptic Nucleus ; Vasopressins