No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular*

Evlauation of pulmonary vascular changes and pre-and postoperative hemodynamic findings were performed in 25 patients who had ventricular septal defect associated with sevese pulmonary hypertension. Lung biopsy were done preoperatively in two patients and during operation in twenty three patients. Also the postoperative systemic and polmonary arterial pressure were obtained about 10-20 minutes after the cardiopulmonary bypass. The results were as follow: 1) There was no relationship between the severity of pulmonary vascular changes(Health-Edwards classification) and the patients age(X2=4.4427, P=0.2175). 2) There was a good correlation between preoperative ratio of pulmonary to systemic vascular resistance(Rp/Rs) and ratio of pre-and postoperative pulmonary to systemic arterial pressure(r=0.4846, P<0.05). 3) There was a significant correlation between the degree of medial wall thickness and preoperative Rp/Rs(r=0.6535, P<0.005). 4) There was no correlation between perioperative hemodynamic findings and medial wall thickness in the patients aged below 2 years.
Arterial Pressure ; Biopsy ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Lung

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural model on the Nursing Task Performance of Hospital Nurses. METHODS: Data collection was done by the 200 hospital nurses from May 1st to May 20th, 2013 in Seoul city. The sample variance-covariance matrix was analyzed using AMOS 19.0 and the maximum likelihood minimization function. The goodness of fit was evaluated using the SRMR, RMSEA and its 90% confidence interval, CFI, and TLI. RESULTS: First, hospital nurses' organizational justice and empowerment was not found to have a significant direct effect on nursing task performance. Second, organizational justice and empowerment had a direct effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Third, organizational commitment was found to have a significant direct effect on nursing task performance. Forth, hospital nurses' empowerment was found to have a significant direct effect on nursing task performance. CONCLUSION: Nurses' nursing task performance was influenced by organizational justice, empowerment, and organizational commitment. In order to increase the degree of nursing task performance in hospital nurse, it is necessary to develop the nursing program and its application considering hospital nurses' organizational justice and empowerment and organizational commitment.
Data Collection ; Job Satisfaction* ; Models, Structural ; Negotiating* ; Nursing* ; Power (Psychology)* ; Seoul ; Social Justice* ; Task Performance and Analysis*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans ; Mass Screening*

No abstract available.
Liver Abscess* ; Liver*

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic pseudocysts are localized collections of pancreatic secretions in a cystic structure that lack an epithelial lining and occur as a result of surrounding tissues walling off and containing a pancreatic duct disruption. METHODS: This is paper presents a clinical analysis of 32 cases of pancreatic pseudocysts treated from January 1987 to July 1997 at Pusan Medical Center. RESULTS: The results are summarized briefly as follows: 1) The age and the sex distributions of these patients showed that 19 cases occurred between the 3rd and the 4th decades and the male-to-female ratio was 10.3:1. 2) Pancreatitis was most frequently associated with pancreatic pseudocysts (75%). 3) Common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain (89%), abdominal tenderness (78%), nausea and vomiting (56%), abdominal mass (32%), abdominal distension (31%). 4) Abdominal CT and ultrasound were major diagnostic methods. 5) The location of the peudocysts were the body (41%), head and tail (31%), the tail (22%), and others (6%). 6) The sizes of the pseudocysts were as follows less than 5 cm (5 cases), 5-10 cm (19 cases), above 11 cm (8 cases) in 32 cases. 7) Valuable laboratory data for a pancreatic pseudocyst were blood WBC count (above 10,000/mm in 78%), serum amylase (above 160 unit/L in 62%), urine amylase (above 300 unit/L in 56%), blood glucose (above 110 mg/L in 50%), serum alkaline phosphatase (above 250/L in 44%). 8) The surgical methods in 29 cases were excision (1 case), external drainage (4 cases), cystogastrostomy (7 cases), cystojejunostomy (16 cases), cystoduodenostomy (1 case). 9) Postoperative complications were encountered in 13 cases, and many of the cases involved pulmonary complications and wound infections. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, treatment of patients with pancreatic pseudocysts is based on the clinical setting, the presence or absence of symptoms, the age and size of the pseudocyst, and the presence or absence of complications. In the most common clinical settings, a pseudocyst is discovered after an episode of acute alcoholic pancreatitis.
Abdominal Pain ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Amylases ; Blood Glucose ; Busan ; Drainage ; Head ; Humans ; Nausea ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst* ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis, Alcoholic ; Postoperative Complications ; Sex Distribution ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Eating* ; Foreign Bodies*

Despite recent advances in nutritional support, patient monitoring, and surgical intensive care, as well as some improvement in surgical techniques, post-operative fistulas have been regarded as one of the most serious complications in abdominal surgery. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) alone (group A, n=26) or with TPN combined with octreotide, a long-acting analog of somatostatin (group B, n=20) in post-operative enterocutaneous fistulas. In group A, we treated 2 biliary, 10 pancreatic and 14 intestinal cutaneous fistulas with total parenteral nutrition. In group B, we treated 6 biliary, 8 pancreatic and 6 intestinal cutaneous fistulas with octreotide. The results obtained from the analysis are as follows: 1) The spontaneous closure of the fistulas was 69.2% in group A and 75.0% in group B. 2) The mean interval of time to achieve the healing of the fistula was 30.44 days in group A and 14.53 days in group B. 3) The mean interval of time to achieve a fistula output reduction of 50% was 6.44 days in group A and 2.44 days in group B. 4) In patients with low-output fistulas, the spontaneous closure of the fistula was 81.8% in group A and 80.0% in group B. In patients with high-output fistulas, the spontaneous closure of the fistula was 60.0% in group A and 73.3% in group B. 5) In patients with low albumin (< 3.0 g/dl), the spontaneous closure of the fistula was 54.5% in group A and 50.0% in group B. In patients with high albumin (> or = 3.0 g/dl), the spontaneous closure of the fistula was 80.0% in group A and 85.7% in group B. 6) In patients with an abdominal abscess, the spontaneous closure of the fistula was 40.0% in group A and 40.0% in group B. In patients without an abdominal abscess, the spontaneous closure of the fistula was 87.5% in group A and 86.7% in group B. 7) As compared with TPN, the spontaneous closure of the fistulas treated with octreotide was increased in the gastroduodenum and the external biliary system, was similar in the small bowel and the pancreas, but was decreased in the colon. We conclude that octreotide is a useful therapeutic complement in the conservative treatment of selected patients with post-operative cutaneous fistulas, especially fistulas in the external biliary system and the gastroduodenum.
Abdominal Abscess ; Biliary Tract ; Critical Care ; Colon ; Complement System Proteins ; Cutaneous Fistula ; Fistula ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula* ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Nutritional Support ; Octreotide ; Pancreas ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Somatostatin

No abstract available.
Mass Screening* ; Prospective Studies*

PURPOSE: Leptin is the product of the of gene secreted by adipocyte. The serum leptin concentration reflects the amount of adipose tissue in the body. We investigated whether leptin concentration was detectable in cord blood of newboms and assessed the effect of gestational age, birth weight, birth length, placental weight, body mass index and ponderal index on cord blood leptin concentration in full-term and preterm newboms. METHODS: Eighty-two newboms were enrolled in this study. Standard growth curves were used to categorize infants as appropriate (AGA), large (LGA), or small for gestational age (SGA). Gestational age, birth weight, length and placental weight were measured. Maternal age, weight and height were measured. Cord blood and maternal venous samples were collected and serum was separated and stored at -70C. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The mean leptin concentration in full term babies was 8.9+/-9.6 ng/ml compared with 3.5+/-0.6 ng/ml in preterm babies. Leptin concentrations in cord blood of full term babies were significantly increased in cornparison with those in cord blood of preterm babies. Mean serum leptin concentration of SGA infants was significantly lower than in AGA infants and that of LGA was higher than in AGA infants. In full-term and preterm neonates, there was significant positive correlation of leptin concentrations with birth weight, gestational age, birth length, BMI, ponderal index and placental weight. No gender differences were found in cord blood leptin. Maternal age, maternal body mass index, matemal weight at baseline (before pregnancy) and at birth were not significantly correlated with leptin concentration of full-term and preterm neonates. There was no significant correlation between leptin concentration of cord blood and matemal leptin concentration. CONCLUSION: The serum leptin concentration is highly correlated to the size of adipose tissue mass of newborn infant. Leptin may be responsible for regulation of body mass of human neonates and can be used as marker of the nutritional status and growth of fetal and neonatal period.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Fetal Blood* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Leptin* ; Maternal Age ; Nutritional Status ; Parturition ; Radioimmunoassay