PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare in vivo biofilm formation on titanium surface and zirconia surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For biofilm formation on titanium and zirconia in oral cavity, after producing oral appliances using acrylic resin and orthodontic wire tailored to 9 subjects, we made titanium and zirconia specimens (6 mm x 6 mm x 2 mm), fixed them on oral appliances and maintained them in oral cavity of test subjects for 24 and 72 hours. Test subjects who have equipped two pairs of specimens maintained oral hygiene not by using toothpaste but only by tooth brushing. After 24 and 72 hours, we removed and observed specimens through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS: Biofilm formation showed large deviation depending on individuals. For formation comparison between titanium and zirconia for 24 hours, zirconia showed less biofilm formation than titanium. Biofilm formation showed large deviation depending on individuals. As for formation comparison between zirconia and titanium, the degree of biofilm formation in zirconia was less than it was in titanium after a lapse of 24 hours. The result of biofilm formation in 72 hours trial show that zirconia has an inclination to formate less biofilm than it was in titanium. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, we can conclude that early biofilm formation in oral cavity was influenced by difference of abutment materials.
Biofilms* ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Mouth ; Oral Hygiene ; Orthodontic Wires ; Titanium* ; Tooth ; Toothpastes ; Zirconium

PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of the innovative replacement of incontinence surgery (IRIS) procedure and compared these with the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 111 consecutively treated women who underwent IRIS (n=51) or TVT (n=60) between January 2002 and December 2003 and followed them up for at least 5 years postoperatively. We analyzed the 5-year success rate and postoperative complications of the IRIS procedure and compared these with the results of the TVT procedure. RESULTS: The 5-year success rate was 92.2% for the IRIS procedure and 93.3% for the TVT procedure, and the satisfaction rates were 90.2% and 85.0%, respectively. Intraoperative complications for the IRIS group included 4 cases of bladder perforation, and there were 5 cases of bladder perforation in the TVT group. The postoperative complications for the IRIS group included 3 patients with de novo urgency, 2 patients with mesh exposure, and 1 patient with temporary urinary retention. Four patients in the TVT group developed de novo urgency, 2 patients had mesh exposure, and 2 patients showed temporary urinary retention. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that IRIS may be an effective and safe procedure compared with the TVT procedure for more than 5 years.
Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Iris ; Postoperative Complications ; Suburethral Slings ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Retention ; Urologic Surgical Procedures

PURPOSE: This study was designed to objectively assess the impediment of incontinence to quality of life (QoL) in females and its improvement by the midurethral sling (MUS) procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2006 to June 2007, 93 female patients underwent the MUS procedure at our institute because of urinary incontinence. The incontinence quality of life (I-QoL) questionnaire was administered to measure the QoL of the incontinent patients before and 1 and 12 months after the MUS procedure. Preoperative data and urodynamic factors were analyzed retrospectively by I-QoL scores to identify factors that may affect the QoL of incontinent patients. RESULTS: The average preoperative I-QoL score of the 93 patients was 61.1+/-21.0 points. At 1 year after surgery, the average I-QoL score was found to have improved to 98.4+/-20.7 points. There were no significant differences between stress and mixed urinary incontinence in terms of cure and satisfaction (p>0.05). I-QoL scores of the cured and improved patients increased at 1 year after surgery (p<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the increment of I-QoL between cured and improved patients (p>0.05). Although urinary urgency and large urine leak amounts significantly reduced preoperative QoL in incontinent patients, the MUS procedure effectively improved the QoL regardless of these factors. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative I-QoL assessment revealed a significant impairment of QoL in incontinent women, but the MUS procedure effectively improved these women's QoL.
Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Suburethral Slings ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics ; Urologic Surgical Procedures

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the urethra is a tumor composed of myofibroblasts and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate that rarely undergoes malignant transformation. The etiology and the biologic behaviors of IMTs are still unknown. Extensive pathologic examination is important to prevent misdiagnosis and the need for long-term follow up is emphasized. Recently, we experienced a case of a inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the urethra in a young female. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of such an entity in published reports. So we present our experience with a review of literature.
Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Myofibroblasts* ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive*

We describe an unusual presentation of Clonorchis sinensis infection with obstructive jaundice due to duodenal papillitis which was relieved dramatically by endoscopic sphincterotomy. A 26-yr-old male presented with complaints of fatigue, weight loss and painless jaundice. The history was significant for frequent ingestion of raw freshwater fish. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for evaluation of obstructive jaundice. The duodenal papilla was markedly edematous with a bulging configuration and hyperemic changes at the orifice. Cholangiography revealed mild bile duct dilatation and irregular wall changes with multiple indentations. However, there were no biliary stricture or stones noted as the cause of obstructive jaundice. We performed an endoscopic sphincterotomy for effective bile drainage through the duodenal papilla. After the sphincterotomy, the patient's jaundice was dramatically improved. Pathology of the duodenal papilla showed eosinophilic infiltration of the mucosa. Parasitic eggs, consistent with the diagnosis of C. sinensis, were found in the bile sample.
Adult ; *Ampulla of Vater ; Animals ; Anthelmintics/therapeutic use ; Bile/parasitology ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis/*diagnosis/parasitology/pathology ; Clonorchiasis/*diagnosis ; Clonorchis sinensis/drug effects/isolation & purification ; Duodenum/pathology ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive/*diagnosis/etiology ; Male ; Praziquantel/therapeutic use ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Primary duodenal carcinoma is rare. Duodenal mucinous adenocarcinoma (DMA) is even rarer, and its associated manifestations and typical endoscopic or imaging findings are not well characterized. Herein, we report a case of primary DMA in an asymptomatic 58-year-old man who visited our hospital for a regular health screening. Upper endoscopy revealed an approximately 4-cm lesion in the second portion of the duodenum, but the mass was not visualized on computed tomography. Biopsies revealed a tubular adenoma that was subsequently resected. Frozen biopsies demonstrated DMA with a background of low-grade tubular adenoma for which we performed Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with DMA in Korea.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Adenoma ; Biopsy ; Duodenal Neoplasms ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged

Lymphangioma is a benign vascular lesion with characteristics of subepithelial tumor which can proliferate in the lymphatic system. Lymphangioma of the small-bowel mesentery is rare, having been reported in less than 2% of all lymphangiomas. Lymphangioma does not require any specific treatment because it is absolutely a benign tumor. However, surgical exploration is rarely required for cases with disease-related symptoms or complications, or for those misdiagnosed as a malignant lesion. We recently experienced a case of mesenteric cavernous lymphangomas in a 53-year-old female who was misdiagnosed as having a liposarcoma. The final diagnosis was confirmed by a pathologic examination of the specimen that was obtained via laparoscopic exploration. Herein, we report a very rare case of mesenteric cavernous lymphangioma along with a brief review of relevant literature.
Female ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/pathology ; Laparoscopy ; Lymphangioma/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Mesentery/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Development of biliary casts is very unusual, especially in patients who have not undergone liver transplantation. Variable causes of biliary cast formation in nonliver transplantation patients have been suggested. However, stasis of bile flow and/or gallbladder hypocontractility is known to eventually result in the promotion of biliary sludge and subsequent cast formation. Here we present one case of biliary cast syndrome, which developed in a nonliver transplant patient who had biliary sludge for a long period of time, providing evidence that long-standing biliary sludge may lead to cast formation.
Bile ; Biliary Tract ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Sewage ; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome ; Transplants