1.Action Research in Hospital Settings: A Literature Review of International Nursing Journals.
Jeong Eun MOON ; Mi Ok SONG ; Hee Young KIM ; Hyun Young PARK ; Eun A KIM ; Yun Min KIM ; Keum Seong JANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2016;22(1):46-56
PURPOSE: Purpose of this study was to identify major trends of action research from 2006 to 2013 and suggest directions for activating and advancing domestic action research in nursing. METHODS: A review was made of 118 action research studies in hospital settings reported in international journals. Search from PubMed, Ovid, and CINHAL was done using analysis criteria developed by the researchers. General and methodological characteristics and focus on changing outcomes of action research were analyzed. RESULTS: The major group of researchers belonged to colleges/universities (40.7%). Methods included use of qualitative methods (61.0%), research questions (24.6%), and use of theoretical models (35.6%). Prevalent data collection methods were interviews (20.2%), and 48.3% showed more than a 1-cycle process including spiral circulation structure. Focus of changing outcomes of the 56 papers including more than 1-cycle were practice (66.1%), environment (8.9%), client-nurse (7.1%). CONCLUSION: Trends in action research in nursing were identified providing necessary reasons to increase action research in nursing as follows: needs of various researchers including stakeholders as well as healthcare providers, various research designs including unconstrained reflection and writing, specific presentation of adapted theoretical models and action strategies, and quality assurance for validity and reliability of research processes and outcomes.
Data Collection
;
Health Personnel
;
Health Services Research*
;
Humans
;
Models, Theoretical
;
Nursing*
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
Research Design
;
Writing
2.A Comparison on the Level of Pain Related to Methods of Blood Sugar test using VAS.
Ja Yun CHOI ; Keum Seong JANG ; Hyun Oh KIM ; Ok Yeub CHOI ; Min Hee PARK
Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing 2003;15(1):14-21
PUPPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of pain related to a blood sugar test. Specifically, the study attempts to compare the varying degree of pains when different types of blood sugar test are used. METHOD: A sample of 56 subjects is composed of DM patients admitted to a medical ward of C university hospital in Gwangju. Data were collected from July, 2001 to December, 2001. The blood sugar tests were administered in four different ways: (1) the use of 27G needle only, (2) the use of 27G needle followed by ice-packed treatment, (3) the use of 27G needle after EMLA cream application, and (4) the use of lancet. The degree of pain is measured with a visual analogue scale and performed twice. RESULT: In both measures, the use of 27G needle only method is shown to cause the highest level of pain in comparison with the rest of methods (F=4.01, p=.01; F=8.14, p=.00). However, the differences in pain between time in all methods were not found to be significant (t=-.85, p=.40; t=.80, p=.42; t=.31, p=.75; t=.19, p=.85). CONCLUSION: The study results indicate that the method using lanceter is more recommendable than the use of 27G needle only method. Further research is needed to support the current study result with the use of different measurement scales and to determine effective methods of blood sugar test to lower pain and compliance.
Blood Glucose*
;
Compliance
;
Gwangju
;
Humans
;
Needles
;
Pain Measurement
;
Weights and Measures
3.Study on Current Curriculum Analysis of Clinical Dental Hygiene for Dental Hygiene Students in Korea.
Yong Keum CHOI ; Yang Keum HAN ; Soo Myoung BAE ; Jin KIM ; Hye Jin KIM ; Se Youn AHN ; Kun Ok LIM ; Hee Jung LIM ; Sun Ok JANG ; Yun Jung JANG ; Jin Ah JUNG ; Hyun Sun JEON ; Ji Eun PARK ; Hyo Jin LEE ; Bo Mi SHIN
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science 2017;17(6):523-532
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to standardize the clinical dental hygiene curriculum, based on analysis of current clinical dental hygiene curricula in Korea. We emailed questionnaires to 12 schools to investigate clinical dental hygiene curricula, from February to March, 2017. We analyzed the clinical dental hygiene curricula in 5 schools with a 3-year program and in 7 schools with a 4-year program. The questionnaire comprised nine items on topics relating to clinical dental hygiene, and four items relating to the dental hygiene process and oral prophylaxis. The questionnaire included details regarding the subject name, the grade/semester/credit system, course content and class hours, the number of senior professors, and the number of patients available for dental hygiene clinical training purposes. In total, there were 96 topics listed in the curricula relating to clinical dental hygiene training, and topics varied between the schools. There was an average of 20.4 topic credits, and more credits and hours were allocated to the 4-year program than to the 3-year program. On average, the ratio of students to professors was 21.4:1. Course content included infection control, concepts for dental hygiene processes, dental hygiene assessment, intervention and evaluation, case studies, and periodontal instrumentation. An average of 2 hours per patient was spent on dental hygiene practice, with an average of 1.9 visits. On average, student clinical training involved 19 patients and 26.6 patients in the 3-year and 4-year programs, respectively. The average participation time per student per topic was 38.0 hours and 53.1 hours, in the 3-year and 4-year programs, respectively. Standardizing the clinical dental hygiene curricula in Korea will require consensus guidelines on topics, the number of classes required to achieve core competencies as a dental hygienist, and theory and practice time.
Consensus
;
Curriculum*
;
Dental Hygienists
;
Electronic Mail
;
Humans
;
Infection Control
;
Korea*
;
Oral Hygiene*
4.Study on Clinical Dental Hygiene in Korea Based on Analysis of Clinical Dental Hygiene Curriculum of Fones School in the United States.
Yong Keum CHOI ; Keun Ok LIM ; Yang Keum HAN ; Soo Myoung BAE ; Bo Mi SHIN ; Se Youn AHN ; Hyun Sun JEON ; Jin KIM ; Sun Ok JANG ; Hye Jin KIM ; Ji Eun PARK ; Hee Jung LIM ; Yun Jung JANG ; Jin Ah JUNG ; Hyo Jin LEE
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science 2017;17(2):123-133
The aim of this study was to analyze in depth the standardized Clinical dental hygiene curriculum of the Fones School in the United States. We investigated the clinical dental hygiene curriculum in 2015~2016 including title, credit, hours, contents, goals, competencies, and evaluation. We obtained the course syllabus and data related to each subject, for each grade, from the professors and students at the university. The goals and competencies, of the clinical dental hygiene program, which were based on the goals of the Fones School and the mission of the University of Bridgeport, were developed in accordance with the dental hygienist practice standards proposed by the American Dental Hygienists Association. The curriculum consisted of theory to teach proper dental hygiene care procedures and incorporated practical exercises that modeled an actual clinical setting. The students had to document the procedures performed for each client/patient and improve their clinical competency through discussion with the professors. Dental hygiene care should be provided for children, adolescents, adults, elderly, and patients, which includes patients with moderate or severe periodontal status. Students were evaluated by a paper test or case study presentation and their clinical evaluation was based on their clinical competency. In particular, professors evaluated students on a rotational basis, so they could evaluate the level of achievement of clinical competency of all students and find ways to improve any weaknesses. Therefore, the current study suggested that clinical dental hygiene program in Korea could be improved if based on the curriculum of Fones School in the United States.
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Aged
;
Child
;
Clinical Competence
;
Curriculum*
;
Dental Hygienists
;
Exercise
;
Humans
;
Korea*
;
Oral Hygiene*
;
United States*
5.18F-FDG/PET May Help to Identify a Subgroup of Patients with T1-T2 Breast Cancer and 1-3 Positive Lymph Nodes Who Are at a High Risk of Recurrence after Mastectomy.
Jee Suk CHANG ; Jeongshim LEE ; Hyun Jung KIM ; Kyung Hwan KIM ; Mijin YUN ; Seung Il KIM ; Ki Chang KEUM ; Chang Ok SUH ; Yong Bae KIM
Cancer Research and Treatment 2016;48(2):508-517
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) for predicting recurrence among patients with T1-T2/N1 breast cancer who were treated with mastectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 712 consecutive patients with T1-T2/N1 breast cancer treated during 2003-2012, 109 had undergone preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose/PET and were included. Metabolic (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax]), volumetric (metabolic tumor volume [MTV]), and combined (total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) indices were measured. The resulting values were analyzed and compared with clinical outcome. RESULTS: At the median follow-up of 46.7 months, the 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was 95.2%. SUVmax (area under curve, 0.824) was more useful than MTV or TLG as a means of identifying patients at high risk for any recurrence. In multivariate analysis, SUVmax remained an independent risk factor for RFS (p=0.006). Using the method of Contal and O'Quigley, a SUVmax threshold of 5.36 showed the best predictive performance. The PET-based high-risk group (≥ 5.36 in either breast or nodes) had more T1c-T2, high-grade, hormone-receptor negative, and invasive ductal carcinoma tumors than the low-risk group (< 5.36 in both breast and nodes). The prognosis was much worse when high SUVmax (≥ 5.36) was detected in nodes (p < 0.001). In the no-radiotherapy cohort, the PET-based high-risk group had increased risk of locoregional recurrence when compared to the low-risk group (p=0.037). CONCLUSION: High SUVmax on preoperative PET showed association with elevated risk of locoregional recurrence and any recurrence. Pre-treatment PET may improve assessments of recurrence risk and clarify indications for post-mastectomy radiotherapy in this subset of patients.
Breast Neoplasms*
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Breast*
;
Carcinoma, Ductal
;
Cohort Studies
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Glycolysis
;
Humans
;
Lymph Nodes*
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Mastectomy*
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Positron-Emission Tomography
;
Prognosis
;
Radiotherapy
;
Recurrence*
;
Risk Factors
;
Tumor Burden
6.Educational needs of an integrated health and oral health project for community dental hygienists.
Su Kyung PARK ; Yang Keum HAN ; Young Kyung KIM ; Hyun Ju LIM ; Yang Ok KOWN ; Han Mi KIM ; Mag Yup OH ; Nam Hee KIM
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2015;39(2):127-133
OBJECTIVES: To determine the educational needs related to an integrated health and oral health project for community dental hygienists. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a survey was administered to 1,190 dental hygienists working in community health centers and 627 (about 53%) responded. The dependent variable was educational needs from oral health projects; the independent variables were region, job assignments, job position, and degree of self-development. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, with PASW 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and the significance threshold was .05. RESULTS: The educational needs of community dental hygienists were found to be high, at about 58.5 points out of 100. The highest educational needs were for oral health projects linked to public health projects. In this regard, participants reported a high need for "identification of issues and projects suited to the current state of the region," "establishment of strategies for integration of health and oral health projects," and "prioritization." CONCLUSIONS: Professional education for community dental hygienists should be expanded to include integration of health and oral health. It should be based on the assessment of these professionals' educational needs.
Community Health Centers
;
Cross-Sectional Studies
;
Dental Hygienists*
;
Education, Professional
;
Humans
;
Oral Health*
;
Public Health
7.A Study on the Use of Complementary and Alternative Therapies in Korean Adults.
Keum Jae LEE ; Ok Hyun KIM ; Woo Jung CHUN ; Myung Hee ROE ; Moon Jung KANG ; Sung Hee KO ; Kyeong Suk LEE ; Ko Eun LEE
Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing 2007;19(1):144-154
PURPOSE: This descriptive study was conducted to identify the use of complementary and alternative therapies, and the perception and attitudes toward CAT in Korean adults. METHODS: The 1,010 study subjects were recruited from ten regions in South Korea. Data were collected from July to September, 2004. RESULTS: The 43.2% of the sample(n=436) had an experience of using CAT. The subjects using CAT was more likely to have high score in the CAT perception compared to the subjects with no experience of CAT(p=.001). The primary source of information about CAT was mass media(59.7%). The 52.4% of the sample answered that CAT was supplementary and the 27.7% answered CAT was applicable to chronic pain or musculoskeletal disorders. Subjects(34.8%) pointed out that the greatest problem was no scientific informant in the use of CAT. The primary reason of using CAT was to maintain their health or to prevent disease(44.0%), and the 59.0% of the subjects responded that CAT was effective. Majority of subjects were satisfied with CAT(63.3%) and experienced no side effects of CAT(90.6%). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that professional counseling and education for CAT is needed for Korean public as well as the research approach to test the effects of CAT.
Adult*
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Animals
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Cats
;
Chronic Pain
;
Complementary Therapies*
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Counseling
;
Education
;
Humans
;
Korea
8.Measurements of Setup Error and Physiological Movement of Liver by Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Ki Chang KEUM ; Sang wook LEE ; Hyun Soo SHIN ; Gwi Eon KIM ; Jinsil SEONG ; Chang Geol LEE ; Sung Sil CHU ; Sei Kyung CHANG ; Chang Ok SUH
The Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology 2000;18(2):107-113
PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to improve the accuracy of three-dimensional conformal radio therapy (3-D CRT) by measuring the treatment setup error and physiological movement of liver based on the analysis of images which were obtained by electronic portal imaging device (EPID). MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 4-7 portal images were obtained by using EPID during the radiotherapy from each patient daily. We analyzed the setup error and physiological movement of liver based on the verification data. We also determined the safety margin of the tumor in 3-D CRT through the analysis of physiological movement. RESULTS: The setup errors were measured as 3 mm with standard deviation 1.70 mm in x direction and 3.7 mm with standard deviation 1.88 mm in y direction respectively. Hence, deviation were smaller than 5 mm from the center of each axis. The measured range of liver movement due to the physiological motion was 8.63 mm on the average. Considering the motion of liver and setup error, the safety margin of tumor was at least 15 mm. CONCLUSION: EPID is a very useful device for the determination of the optimal margin of the tumor, and thus enhance the accuracy and stability of the 3-D CRT in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra
;
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*
;
Humans
;
Liver*
;
Radiotherapy
9.Efficacy of a Preoperative Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for the Locally Advanced Unresectable Rectal Cancer.
Jae Ho CHO ; Jinsil SEONG ; Ki Chang KEUM ; Gwi Eon KIM ; Chang Ok SUH ; Jae Kyung ROH ; Hyun Cheol CHUNG ; Jin Sik MIN ; Nam Kyu KIM
The Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology 2000;18(4):293-299
PURPOSE: We conducted a prospective non-randomized clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced unresectable rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1995 and June 1998, 37 consecutive patients with locally unresectable advanced rectal cancer were entered into the study. With 3- or 4- fields techniuqe, a total of 45 Gy radiation was delivered on whole pelvis, followed by 5.4 Gy boost to the primary tumor in some cases. Chemotherapy was done at the first and fifth week of radiation with bolus i.v. 5-Fluorouracil (FU) 370~450 mg/m2, days 1~5, plus Leucovorin 20 mg/m2, days 1~5. Of 37 patients, 6 patients did not receive all planned treatment course (refusal in 4, disease progression in 1, metastasis to lung in 1). Surgical resection was undergone 4~6 weeks after preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: Complete resection rate with negative margins was 94% (29/31). Complete response was seen in 7 patients (23%) clinically and 2 patients (6%) pathologically. Down staging of tumor occured in 21 patients (68%). Treatment related toxicity was minimal except grade III & IV leukopenia in 2 patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer was effective in inducing down staging and complete resection rate. Treatment related toxicity was minimal. Further follow up is on-going to determine long term survival following this treatment.
Chemoradiotherapy*
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Disease Progression
;
Drug Therapy
;
Fluorouracil
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Leucovorin
;
Leukopenia
;
Lung
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Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Pelvis
;
Prospective Studies
;
Radiation Dosage
;
Rectal Neoplasms*
10.The Use of Normal Tissue Complication Probability to Predict Radiation Hepatitis.
Ki Chang KEUM ; Jinsil SEONG ; Chang Ok SUH ; Sang wook LEE ; Eun Ji CHUNG ; Hyun Soo SHIN ; Gwi Eon KIM
The Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology 2000;18(4):277-282
PURPOSE: Although It has been known that the tolerance of the liver to external beam irradiation depends on the irradiated volume and dose, few data exist which quantify this dependence. However, recently, with the development of three dimensional (3-D) treatment planning, have the tools to quantify the relationships between dose, volume, and normal tissue complications become available. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and the risk of radiation hepatitis for patients who received variant dose partial liver irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHOD: From March 1992 to December 1994, 10 patients with hepatoma and 10 patients with bile duct cancer were included in this study. Eighteen patients had normal hepatic function, but 2 patients (prothrombin time 73%, 68%) had mild liver cirrhosis before irradiation. Radiation therapy was delivered with 10MV linear accelerator, 180~200 cGy fraction per day. The total dose ranged from 3,960 cGy to 6,000 cGy (median dose 5,040 cGy). The normal tissue complication probability was calculated by using Lyman's model. Radiation hepatitis was defined as the development of anicteric elevation of alkaline phosphatase of at least two fold and non-malignant ascites in the absence of documented progressive. RESULTS: The calculated NTCP ranged from 0.001 to 0.840 (median 0.05). Three of the 20 patients developed radiation hepatitis. The NTCP of the patients with radiation hepatitis were 0.390, 0.528, 0.844 (median : 0.58+/-0.23), but that of the patients without radiation hepatitis ranged from 0.001 to 0.308 (median : 0.09+/-0.09). When the NTCP was calculated by using the volume factor of 0.32, a radiation hepatitis was observed only in patients with the NTCP value more than 0.39. By contrast, clinical results of evolving radiation hepatitis were not well correlated with NTCP value calculated when the volume factor of 0.69 was applied. On the basis of these observations, the volume factor of 0.32 was more correlated to predict a radiation hepatitis. CONCLUSION: The risk of radiation hepatitis was increased above the cut-off value. Therefore the NTCP seems to be used for predicting the radiation hepatitis.
Alkaline Phosphatase
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Ascites
;
Bile Duct Neoplasms
;
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
;
Hepatitis*
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Humans
;
Liver
;
Liver Cirrhosis
;
Particle Accelerators