No abstract available.
Humans

Red blood cells that agglutinate with most normal adult sera but never with own sera are termed polyagglutinable and can be separated by patterns of lectin reactivity into various types. Among these polyagglutination, activation of the T cryptantigen occurs when carbohydrate structures on glycophorins A and B lose sialic acid and express the disaccharide Gal beta-l-3 GalNac which reacts with the peanut agglutinin, a lectin from Arachis hypogaea. T activation is a temporary condition due to exposure of the membrane antigen to the action of microbial neuraminidase. In T activated red cells, the following hazards, which are theoretically possible, are spontaneous polyagglutination of red cells in vitro, in vivo and severe blood transfusion reactions. We experienced a case of T activation in 6 month old girl with bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The reactivity to lectins indicated the patient's red cells were T activated. We report a case of T activation in an infant with the review of literature.
Adult ; Arachis ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Glycophorin ; Humans ; Infant ; Lectins ; Membranes ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; Neuraminidase ; Peanut Agglutinin ; Streptococcus pneumoniae

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Antibodies*

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine an adequate minimal concentration of lidocaine in a stellate ganglion block for decreasing a false positive response to a diagnostic sympathetic blockade determining whether the patient's pain is SMP or SIP. METHODS: This crossover study was performed in twenty patients with sudden sensory neural hearing loss. All patients received three times SGB using three different concentrations (1%, 0.5% and 0.25%) of 8 ml lidocaine at the sixth cervical vertebral level via an anterior paratracheal approach. The blocks were separately done at one week intervals in random order. The occurrence, onset time and action duration of Horner's syndrome were observed after each SGB. RESULTS: Positive cranial sympathetic blockade (Horner' syndrome) was present in all patients using 1% and 0.5% lidocaine. It was present in 60% of the patients using 0.25% lidocaine. Onset time was not significantly different among the three groups. Action duration of 1% and 0.5% lidocaine groups was significantly longer than the 0.25% lidocaine group. There was no critical side effects, and temporary foreign body sensation was the most common side effect. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that 0.5% lidocaine is an adequate minimal concentration for diagnostic SGB. Therefore, we recommend that 0.5% lidocaine instead 1% should be used in diagnostic SGB to decrease a false positive response to a sympathetic blockade.
Anesthetics ; Cross-Over Studies ; Foreign Bodies ; Hearing Loss ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Lidocaine* ; Sensation ; Stellate Ganglion*

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chitosan coating on the attachment, proliferation, functional and morphological change of human gingival fibroblasts. Primary culture of human gingival fibroblasts were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics. In experimental group, cells were inoculated in the multiwell plates coated with chitosan in concentration of 0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/ml. Cell counting and MTT assay were done after 0.5, 1.5, 3, 6 and 24 hours of incubation to evaluate the cell attachment, and then after 2 and 7 days of culture to evaluate the cell proliferation. The alkaline phosphatase activity was measured after 4 and 7 days of culture and the ability to produce mineralized nodules was evaluated after 21 days of culture. The results were as follows : The morphology of cells on the chitosan-coated well was round or spheric. Round cells were aggregated since 6 hours of culture and showed nodule-like appearance after 24 hours of culture and did not achieved confluency at 7 days. The attachment of gingival fibroblasts was inhibited by chitosan coating with a tendency of dose dependent pattern. But, cellular activity of unit cell was higher than control. The proliferation of gingival fibroblasts was inhibited by chitosan coating at 2 mg/ml(P<0.01), while the cell proliferation at 0.02, 0.2 mg/ml was comparable to the control well. Total alkaline phosphatase activity was inhibited by chitosan coating and decreased in the course of time. While ALP activity of unit cell was the highest at 2mg/ml after 4 days of culture. Finally, gingival fibroblasts produced the mineralized nodule at 2 mg/ml. In summary, the attachment, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activity of gingival fibroblasts were influenced differently by the concentration of coated chitosan. From this study, it could be used as the matrix of tissue engineering for gingiva without inhibition on proliferation of gingival fibroblasts using chitosan at the optimal concentration (0.02mg/ml).
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cell Count ; Cell Proliferation ; Chitosan* ; Fibroblasts* ; Gingiva ; Humans* ; Tissue Engineering

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Immunoglobulin M*

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of the deproteinated bovine bone powder (DBBP) coated with calcium phosphate (Ca-P) on osseous regeneration in the calvarial bone defect of rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The DBBP (Control group, n=6) and the Ca-P coated DBBP (Experimental group, n=6) were grafted in the critical sized calvarial bone defect (8 mm) of rat weighing 250 g. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 4 week. The biopsy specimens were decalcified with 5% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. The rats were sacrificed at 8 week received tetracycline (1 week), calcein blue (4 week), and alizarin red (7 week), and the biopsy specimens were taken. The specimens were embedded in methylmethacrylate and ground to 10 micrometer thin sections were made. All of the specimens were stained with H & E and Masson's trichrome and examined under light microscope. The specimens at 8 week were examined under fluorescent microscope. RESULTS: In the Control group, the grafted DBBP was surrounded with connective tissue, and osteoblasts were observed partially around the grafted particles at 1 week. At 4 week, some osteoid was observed and, new bone formation was observed at the periphery of grafted materials at 8 week, In the Experimental group, some osteoid was seen at the periphery of the grafted Ca-P coated DBBP at 1 week, and osteoblast and newly formed bone were observed around the grafted materials. At 8 week, newly formed bone was observed at the periphery of the grafted materials. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ca-P coated DBBP group was more and faster than DBBP group in new bone formation and Ca-P could contribute to enhance bone formation in the critical sized calvarial bone defect of rat.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Calcium ; Connective Tissue ; Formaldehyde ; Methylmethacrylate ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Paraffin ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Tetracycline ; Transplants