This report describes clinical cases of a palato-gingival groove on a maxillary lateral incisor with associated localized periodontal disease and pulp necrosis. The tooth of the first case was extracted because of severe bone destruction. The palato-gingival groove of the second case was eliminated using a round bur, and the resulting defect was filled with synthetic graft and covered by an absorbable membrane. Both diagnosis and treatment of palato-gingival groove were very difficult and usually extraction of the involved tooth is the treatment of choice, but combined endodontic-periodontic treatment allowed the tooth to be saved.
Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Diagnosis ; Incisor* ; Membranes ; Periodontal Diseases ; Tooth ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Brain ; Humans ; Myotonic Dystrophy

Traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation combined with scapular fracture in elderly patients is relatively rare. In this case, a patient visited Emergency Room of Dong-A University Hospital for shoulder pain after falling off a ladder. Radiographs demonstrated anterior shoulder dislocation with displaced Ideberg type IIb scapula (glenoid fossa) fracture combined with a large rotator cuff tear on magnetic resonance imaging. We performed arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, but a large fragment in the inferior glenoid was left untreated. At the 1 year follow-up visit, the pain visual analogue scale of the patient was 2, the American Shoulder and Elbow Society score was 88 and the patient had gained nearly full range of motion without any apprehension.
Accidental Falls ; Aged ; Elbow ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rotator Cuff* ; Scapula* ; Shoulder Dislocation* ; Shoulder Pain ; Shoulder* ; Tears*

We report a monozygotic twins with temporal lobe epilepsy, almost concordant in the onset time of firt seizure, lateralization and localization of epileptiform discharges. Partial seizures with secondarily generalized seizure occurred 15 days apart. EEG showed frequent spike-slow wave complexes on the right temporal area but the findings of brain MRI were normal in both. Past medical, delivery, developmental and family history were unremarkable. They had no physical and mental handicaps, and any other underlying causes of epilepsy. They have been on monotherapy with seizure free, although follow up EEG showed frequent spike-slow wave complexes after medication. As seizures developed simultaneously, the localization and lateralization of epileptiform discharges were concordant in our monozygotic twins, we suggest that genetic factor might be the most probable etiology of epilepsy in our cases but needs to be elucidated.
Brain ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe ; Twins, Monozygotic

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics between neurogenic and non-neurogenic cause of vocal cord immobility (VCI). METHODS: The researchers retrospectively reviewed clinical data of patients who underwent laryngeal electromyography (LEMG). LEMG was performed in the bilateral cricothyroid and thyroarytenoid muscles. A total of 137 patients were enrolled from 2011 to 2016, and they were assigned to either the neurogenic or non-neurogenic VCI group, according to the LEMG results. The clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups and a subgroup analysis was done in the neurogenic group. RESULTS: Among the 137 subjects, 94 patients had nerve injury. There were no differences between the neurogenic and non-neurogenic group in terms of demographic data, underlying disease except cancer, and premorbid events. In general characteristics, cancer was significantly higher in the neurogenic group than non-neurogenic group (p=0.001). In the clinical findings, the impaired high pitched ‘e’ sound and aspiration symptoms were significantly higher in neurogenic group (p=0.039 for impaired high pitched ‘e’ sound; p=0.021 for aspiration symptoms), and sore throat was more common in the non-neurogenic group (p=0.014). In the subgroup analysis of neurogenic group, hoarseness was more common in recurrent laryngeal neuropathy group than superior laryngeal neuropathy group (p=0.018). CONCLUSION: In patients with suspected vocal cord palsy, impaired high pitched ‘e’ sound and aspiration symptoms were more common in group with neurogenic cause of VCI. Hoarseness was more frequent in subjects with recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. Thorough clinical evaluation and LEMG are important to differentiate underlying cause of VCI.
Electromyography ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Laryngeal Muscles ; Laryngeal Nerves ; Pharyngitis ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; Retrospective Studies ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; Vocal Cords*

OBJECTIVES: Refugees from North Korea are at risk of a range of mental health problems, posing urgent problems to their care. A review of research on mental health prevalence and services can indicate directions for further study. METHODS: The authors administered a Delphi survey to 16 professionals who are working for North Korean refugees, including professors and field workers. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation and verified with content validity ratio. RESULTS: The results are as follows: 1) The most serious problem in the research area is the importance of quantitative research rather than qualitative for North Korean refugees, who are often very negative and uncooperative with questionnaires. 2) There is a great need to develop competence of mental health professionals who are working for North Korean refugees. 3) Most participants agreed to the necessity of longitudinal study to define the factors facilitating successful adaptation among North Korean refugees. CONCLUSION: The following are our recommendations: 1) Appropriate measurements for North Korean refugees need to be developed reflecting their uniqueness. 2) Research of North Koreans has inherent selection bias. 3) It is essential to provide primary education on mental health to North Korean refugees.
Delphi Technique* ; Democratic People's Republic of Korea ; Education ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mental Competency ; Mental Health* ; Prevalence ; Refugees* ; Selection Bias

No abstract available.
Hyponatremia* ; Hypopituitarism*

PURPOSE: The purpose was trying to clarify utility of allogenous bone graft on open type high tibial osteotomy, among the method of treatment of osteoarthritis with genu varum deformity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Working with eight patients who have osteoarthritis with genu varum deformity, performed the open type high tibial osteotomy. and after transplanting allogenous bone graft, fixed using L-shaped plate. Before and after the operation, measured the degree of correction of genu varum through radiography of anterior and posterior of weigh load, understudied degree of union by testing bone histology during removal of implant, and evaluated functional factor as well as improvement of patients using Lysholm's knee score and HSS knee score. RESULTS: According to radiography of anterior and posterior of weigh load, the average of varus angle was 5.3 +/- 3.2 degrees before operation, the average of correction angle was 16.1 +/- 4.1 degrees after operation and the average of valgus angle was 10.7 +/- 4.3 degrees. By radiography of anterior and posterior of weigh load and lateral taken during the continual observation, complete bone union was seen. It got result that bone histology of transplanted part was composed of osteologic tissue and ratio of live bone and dead bone was 3.3:1, which live bone was 76.7 +/- 8% by image analyzer (Pro Plus(R) system) during the implant removal. The average of correction loss angle was 1.5 +/- 1.0 degrees After 15.3 months, average period of observation, average of Lysholm's score and HSS knee score were increased from 66.2 +/- 8.3 to 75.7 +/- 9.1 and from 55.2 +/- 9.0 to 79.0 +/- 7.5 respectively. CONCLUSION: The method that using a transplantation of allogenous bone graft on open type high tibial osteotomy, can be a fine surgical technique because it gains a perfect union, has an inconsiderable loss of correction angle and precision of correction angle, and can be contributed to the improvement of functional knee joint.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy* ; Radiography ; Transplants*

Neuroinflammation such as reactive gliosis and microglial activations are important pathological findings of ALS. We present a first autopsy case of ALS in Korea related with neuroinflammatory change. A 67-year-old ALS patient suddenly expired due to accidental head trauma. Gross autopsy finding showed marked atrophic change in spinal cord. Pathological finding include a marked loss of motor neurons, reactive gliosis and microglial infiltrations. These findings suggest neuroinflammation may play a role in pathogenesis of ALS.
Aged ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; Autopsy ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Gliosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Motor Neurons ; Spinal Cord

OBJECTIVES: This survey study was conducted to investigate the effect of smoking on drinking alcohol, depression, anxiety and impulsiveness. METHODS: The survey participants were 925 residents over 20 years of age in Gwanak-gu, Seoul. Subjects were divided into smoking and non-smoking groups, and all completed the Korean Version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-K), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Barret Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to identify patterns of the alcohol consumption and smoking, and to assess levels of depression, anxiety and impulsiveness. RESULTS: The number of subjects with problem drinking was significantly higher in smokers (n=58, 37.2%) than non-smokers (n=81, 11.1%), and there was also a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers on the BDI. However, there were no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers on either the BIS or the STAI. When smokers with problem drinking (Smk_Alc) and smokers without problem drinking (Smk_non-Alc) were compared, the Smk_Alc subjects were found to have higher BDI and trait anxiety scores than the Smk_non-Alc group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that smoking is closely related to drinking alcohol and suggests that the more frequently people smoke, the more likely they will drink alcohol due to depression and anxiety. It may therefore important for smokers to control depressive mood, anxiety and impulsivity.
Alcohol Drinking ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Drinking ; Drinking Behavior ; Smoke ; Smoking