Most studies on the pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis by imaging and outcomes after operative or nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff tear have focused on those of full-thickness tears, resulting in limited knowledge of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears. However, a partial-thickness tear of the rotator cuff is a common disorder and can be the cause of persistent pain and dysfunction of the shoulder joint in the affected patients. Recent updates in the literatures shows that the partial-thickness tears are not merely mild form of full-thickness tears. Over the last decades, an improved knowledge of pathophysiology and surgical techniques of partial-thickness tears has led to more understanding of the significance of this tear and better outcomes. In this review, we discuss the current concept of management for partial-thickness tears in terms of the pathogenesis, natural history, nonoperative treatment, and surgical outcomes associated with the commonly used repair techniques.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Natural History ; Rotator Cuff* ; Shoulder Joint

No abstract available.
Animals ; Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Murinae*

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Orientia tsutsugamushi* ; Rickettsia*

Since the book "Final Exit: The Practicalities of Self-Deliverance and Assisted Suicide for the Dying" was published in 1991, there has been a worldwide increase in the number of cases of suicidal asphyxiation using helium gas. However, no domestic reports have been published thus far. Recently, we encountered a case of asphyxial suicide by inhalation of helium from inside a plastic bag. Subsequently, we reviewed the records of the Scientific Crime Analysis System of National Police Agency of Korea. There were 17 cases of helium-associated asphyxial suicides between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2012. The average age of the deceased was 30.6 years with a male to female ratio of approximately 5:1. Thirteen of 17 such deaths occurred in the victims'houses. In all cases, the method of death involved placing a plastic bag over the head with a hose attached to helium tanks. In 6 of 17 cases, the decedents had psychiatric disorders such as depression. As neither characteristic signs of death nor conventional methods for detecting helium gas exist, a thorough investigation of the death scene and the decedents'environment is extremely vital for confirming death due to helium asphyxiation.
Crime ; Depression ; Female ; Head ; Helium ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Korea ; Male ; Plastics ; Police ; Suicide ; Suicide, Assisted

No abstract available.
Humans ; Twins*

No abstract available.

We report a case of disseminated cutaneous metastatic carcinoma from stomach carcinoma in a 66-year-old male who complained chiefly of widespread cutaneous nodules. He had been admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine for stomach carcinoma. A radiological examination revealed a diffuse stomach wall thickening from the fundus to the antrum, and enlargement of paraaortic and pericaval lymph nodes during an abodominal CT scan. The clinical findings manifested above may suggest cutaneous metastasis from stomach carcinoma. A histological examination of the skin and stomach biopsies showed atypical cells with pleomorphic, hyperchromatic nuclei and bubble-like cytoplasm, which are consistent with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical stainings showed that these cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and low molecular weight cytokeratin.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Keratins ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Mucin-1 ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Skin ; Stomach* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Eleven patients with advanced prostatic cancer who had received single agent chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide were evaluated. All patients had pathologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma and were unresponsive to or in relapse after hormonal therapy. They were treated intravenously with 200mg/m2 cyclophosphamide daily for four days every four weeks. The National prostatic Cancer Project(NPCP) response criteria were used. so objective response included patients with complete or partial response as well as objectively stable disease as defined by NPCP response criteria. The response rate was 54.6 %. with three partial response(27.3 8 ) and three objectively stable disease(27.3) of the eleven patients. All the six patients with partial response and objectively stable disease lived longer than 4 year, whereas for the five patients with objective progression. only two patient lived longer than 1 year. Toxicity was mild and tolerable. Mild and asymptomatic cyclophosphamide-induced hyponatremia was observed in two patients and hemorrhagic cystitis of mild degree was observed in one patient Severe hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicities were not observed.
Adenocarcinoma ; Cyclophosphamide* ; Cystitis ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the relationship of occupational stress, emotional labor, and general characteristics to somatization, and to identify factors affecting somatization in nurses. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive research design was used to study 227 nurses. Nurses completed a 52-item self-questionnaire that included 3 concepts assessing somatization, occupational stress, emotional labor. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS: Mean scales for somatization, occupational stress, and emotional labor were 22.96+/-7.87, 78.73+/-12.29, 29.63+/-3.97 respectively. The explained variance for somatization was 35.5%. Among the variables, frequency of emotional display (beta=.136, p=.042), one of the sub-domains of emotional labor, and role overload (beta=.178, p=.023), one of the sub-domains of occupational stress and working in the ICU, OR, or ER (beta=.296, p<.001) and education level of diploma graduation (beta=.143, p=.028) significantly predicted degree of somatization. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of somatization and related factors for nurses in Korea.
Korea ; Research Design ; Stress, Psychological ; Weights and Measures