No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Self Care*

PURPOSE: There is an unmet need for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), leading to variation in management strategies. To investigate distinct features and treatment modalities according to physicians' specialties, we collected data on the current treatment approach to moderate-to-severe AD among allergists, pediatric allergists and dermatologists in Korea. METHODS: This questionnaire-based study was administered to physicians from the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology (KAAACI), Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD), and Korean Atopic Dermatitis Association (KADA). RESULTS: A total of 93 physicians participated in the study; 64.5% were pediatric allergists and 31.2% were dermatologists. The major patient age groups were “less than 5 years” for 100% of pediatric allergists and “6–12 years old” for 38% of dermatologists. The proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe AD was higher for dermatologists and allergists compared to pediatric allergists. Physicians agreed on the necessity of education including demonstration of basic skin care and application of topical therapies (88.2%), nutritional consultation (83.9%) and psychological counseling (75.3%). However, less than half were able to educate and counsel their patients in real practice. There were noticeable differences in first-line treatment among physician groups. For pediatric allergists, the order of preferred systemic treatment was wet wrap therapy, systemic corticosteroids and oral cyclosporin. Dermatologists ranked cyclosporin, phototherapy, and systemic corticosteroids as first-line treatment regimens. Major reported barriers to proper management were steroid phobia, unproven complementary and alternative medicine, lack of education, and the unreasonable insurance system. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest there are distinct differences in moderate-to-severe AD treatment according to physicians' specialties. Medical policy changes along with governmental supports are required in order to implement the ideal approach in real practice. For moderate-to-severe AD, a consensus on the approach to optimal management should be reached for the best outcomes, based on further randomized controlled trials.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Allergy and Immunology ; Asthma ; Complementary Therapies ; Consensus ; Counseling ; Cyclosporine ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Education ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Insurance ; Korea* ; Phobic Disorders ; Phototherapy ; Skin Care

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to learn the affective factors of case managers' occupational stress. METHOD: A total of 986 participants responded to a self-administered questionnaire that included 24 items of Korean Occupational Stress Questionnaire Short Form (KOSQSF), job satisfaction index, health behaviors, general characteristics, and variables related to work. The data collection of research was done from 17th to 21th of September, 2007. The data were analysed by t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression with SPSS 11.1 package program. RESULT: The results of this study were as follows: The overall job satisfaction rate of men and women was highly than that of the Korean worker's standard. There were statistically significant differences in occupational stress in work place, work department, work position, smoking, treatment in out-patient clinic, subjective & relative health-status, work load, supervisor's review on work-ability, and job satisfaction. According to the multi-variate analysis, occupational stress(47.6%) was related to job satisfaction, workload, individual work-ability, supervisor's review on work-ability, health status and gender. CONCLUSION: Occupational stress varied depending on the ten variables and was influenced by job satisfaction(35.7%) and 5 other variables. The results suggest that further follow-up study on case managers is necessary to relieve their occupational stress.
Data Collection ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Outpatients ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Workplace

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of a follow-up program for breast cancer patients after surgery. METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used. The subjects were 56 breast cancer patients (experimental group: 27, control group: 29). The subjects of the experimental group participated in the Follow-up program of 7 sessions once a week, during 4 weeks including one telephone visit. The program consisted of health education of breast cancer, exercise, lymph edema prevention, diet education, theraband rehabilitation exercise, laugh therapy, and breast self examination. The obtained data were analysed by using the ANCOVA of SPSS. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the scores of physical wellbeing, symptom distress and mood state between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Considering these research results, short-term intervention could improve physical and emotional functioning abilities by helping better health. Nurses should establish and manage a proper program to provide multipurpose support and it must apply the program after surgery as soon as possible for breast cancer women.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast Self-Examination ; Breast* ; Diet ; Edema ; Education ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Health Education ; Humans ; Rehabilitation ; Telephone

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the influences of working conditions and health status on absence due to sickness in health and medical related workers. METHODS: Data from the Third Korean Working Condition Survey was used. Study participants included 929 workers who have been working in the medical and healthcare fields. Descriptive analysis, independent t-test, χ² test, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS 21.0 statistical program. RESULTS: Absence due to sickness was found in 7.8% of health and medical related workers. Absence due to sickness differed significantly depending on monthly income, company size, work-related musculoskeletal risk factors, job control, physical health problems and subjective health status would be important factors affecting absence. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidences that predictors of absence due to sickness in workers of medical and healthcare fields are identified. Therefore, we need the active support for health care service promotion and prevention for predictors of absence due to sickness.
Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Logistic Models ; Risk Factors ; Sick Leave

Purpose: This study was designed to test structural equation modeling of the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community in order to provide guidelines for development of intervention and strategies to improve their quality of life. Methods: The participants in the study were elderly who visited the public health center in C rural between May 30 and september 15, 2017. Data collection was carried out through one-on-one interviews. Demographic factors, knowledge, Attitude, Self-Efficacy, social support, accessibility, request for Information, health practice, depression, subjective memory complaints, dependence scale and quality of life were investigated. Results: The final analysis included 192 elderly. Fitness of the hypothesis model was appropriate(χ2 =192.89, p=.000, GFI=0.90, SRMR=0.08, NNFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, PNFI=0.72, RMSEA=0.07). Depression, subjective memory complaints and dependence were found to be significant explaining varience in quality of life. Social support, dementia preventive behavior and health practice had an indirect effect on the quality of life. Conclusions To improve the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community, comprehensive interventions are necessary to manage knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, social support, health practice, depression, subjective memory complaints and dependence that can contribute to enchance the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea. The subjects were 64 Chinese college students in Korea (educated group, 32 students vs. non-educated group, 32 students). Educated group was lessoned as group and/or individual. Nutrition education program consisted of four lessons (40min / lesson), '6 major nutrients & function (group lesson)', '6 food group and sources (group lesson)', 'personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units using Food Exchange System (individual lesson)', and 'smart choice of snacks and eating-out foods (group lesson)'. We examined the differences between educated group and non-educated group in nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and nutrients intake. After education, there were positive improvements on nutrition knowledge: 'function and foods of 6 nutrients', on dietary attitudes: 'type of breakfast' in educated group. In the evaluation of nutrient intakes according to Dietary Reference Intakes for Korean (KDRI), there were positive improvements on intake levels of riboflavin, fiber, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate, Ca and K in the educated group. In the index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased in the educated group. In conclusion, it is possible to improve nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake of Chinese college students in Korea through the nutrition education focused on personalized daily needed energy and food exchange units.
Ascorbic Acid ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Education* ; Folic Acid ; Humans ; Korea* ; Riboflavin ; Snacks ; Vitamin B 6

No abstract available.
Dermatitis* ; Metronidazole* ; Tacrolimus*

In the present study, we show that the expression of type 2 glucose transporter isoform (GLUT2) could be regulated by PPAR-gamma in the liver. Rosiglitazone, PPAR-gamma agonist, activated the GLUT2 mRNA level in the primary cultured hepatocytes and Alexander cells, when these cells were transfected with PPAR-gamma/RXR-alpha. We have localized the peroxisome proliferator response element in the mouse GLUT2 promoter by serial deletion studies and site-directed mutagenesis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay using ob/ob mice also showed that PPAR-gamma rather than PPAR-alpha binds to the -197/-184 region of GLUT2 promoter. Taken together, liver GLUT2 may be a direct target of PPAR-gamma ligand contributing to glucose transport into liver in a condition when PAPR-gamma expression is increased as in type 2 diabetes or in severe obesity.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Reporter ; Hepatocytes/*metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mice, Transgenic ; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; PPAR alpha/genetics/metabolism ; PPAR gamma/agonists/genetics/*metabolism ; *Promoter Regions (Genetics) ; Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; *Response Elements ; Thiazolidinediones/pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status of respiratory care in community-dwelling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients using non-invasive ventilatory support. METHOD: Trained investigators visited patients' homes in order to conduct the survey. Questions regarding the time since diagnosis and ventilatory support, department and type of ventilator were asked. The parameters of mechanical ventilation were noted. The presence of respiratory symptoms, frequency of oxygen saturation monitoring, maneuvers for sputum clearance and frequency of air stacking exercise were also investigated. RESULTS: Data from 169 individuals were analyzed. The mean age was 59.1+/-12.5 years, time since diagnosis was 48.0+/-42.8 months and duration of ventilatory support was 25.7+/-20.8 months. The types of ventilator used were significantly different according to the medical departments where they had been prescribed. More than 50% of the subjects had sleep awakening, shortness of breath or daytime drowsiness despite ventilatory support. Air stacking exercises were performed in 8.8%. Sputum clearing maneuvers such as manually assisted cough, mechanical in/ex-sufflation or postural drainage were used by 13.6% of the individuals. Only 16.0% of the patients checked their oxygen saturation level more than once a day. CONCLUSION: Current respiratory care is inappropriate in ALS patients using non-invasive ventilatory support at home. The current system for ventilator prescription and monitoring needs modification to improve the respiratory care status.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; Cough ; Drainage, Postural ; Dyspnea ; Exercise ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Prescriptions ; Research Personnel ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Therapy ; Sleep Stages ; Sputum ; Ventilators, Mechanical