No abstract available.
Choledochal Cyst*

No abstract available.
Colonic Neoplasms* ; Rectum*

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel* ; Membrane Glycoproteins* ; Membranes* ; Thrombasthenia*

OBJECTIVE: It is known that mouse embryos before implantation develop in a low oxygen environment of 3- 8% concentration and with antioxidant materials such as vitamins, antioxidant enzymes, ferrous binding proteins, and albumin in follicular and tubal fluids. However, the 20% oxygen culture condition with chemically defined media might be produce an abundance of ROS, and leads to developmental delay or developmental block in vitro. In this study, we attempt to elucidate the relationship between intracellular H2O2 production and embryo development in different oxygen culture conditions of mouse embryos. METHODS: Prenuclear embryos from C57BL/CBA Fl hybrid and ICR mouse were cultured in incubators which provided 5% carbon dioxide, 20% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide, 5% oxygen. Measurement of H2O2 level in a embryo was performed with DCHFDA(2, 7 -dichlorodihydroflourescein diacetate)and analyzed with Quanti-cell 700, and the number of blastomeres was counted with DAPI( 4, 6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole). RESULTS: Oxygen concentration of the culture medias was significantly higher in the 20% oxygen environment compared to that of 5% oxygen environment. Culture of mice embryos in high oxygen condition leads to high HO concentrations at 2 cell stage and developmental delay or ""2-cell block"" regardless of the strain. But in a 5% oxygen environment, which is similar to in-vivo conditions HO production was suppressed continuously through out culture and development of embryos was definitely improved. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that there is a difference in the production of ROS or protective mechanism according to the mouse strains and stage of development, and it is thought that in-vitro culture in 5% oxygen environment provides stable in vivo equilibrium but in a 20% oxygen environment there is production of ROS which overcome the protective mechanism which leads to cellular damage and embryo developmental delay.
Animals ; Blastomeres ; Carbon Dioxide ; Carrier Proteins ; Culture Media ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Incubators ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Oxygen* ; Pregnancy ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Arthritis*

PURPOSE: To report the results according to anterior elevation changes following corneal crosslinking (CXL) treatment for keratoconus. METHODS: The present retrospective study included 14 patients (15 eyes) with progressive keratoconus who underwent CXL with a follow-up of 12 months. Patients were classified into 2 groups according to pre and postoperative anterior elevation difference maps. On the preoperative anterior elevation map, distances from maximum anterior elevation to pupil center were compared between the 2 groups. The outcome of best correct visual acuity (BCVA), maximum keratometry and parameters of corneal topography were compared between the 2 groups before CXL as well as 6 and 12 months after CXL. RESULTS: The anterior elevation changes were classified as group 1 (-7.88 +/- 10.53 micrometer) or group 2 (8.71 +/- 5.99 micrometer) (p = 0.001). The preoperative corneal topography of eyes observed in group 1 (0.19 +/- 0.13 mm) had shorter mean distances from maximum anterior elevation to pupil center than eyes in group 2 (0.47 +/- 0.23 mm) (p = 0.018). BCVA (log MAR) improved from 0.68 +/- 0.78 to 0.57 +/- 0.81 (p = 0.115) 12 months after CXL in group 1 and decreased from 0.51 +/- 0.34 to 0.56 +/- 0.38 (p = 0.109) 12 months after CXL in group 2. The maximum keratometry decreased from 63.01 +/- 19.07D to 58.95 +/- 16.32D (p = 0.017) in group 1 and increased from 60.70 +/- 9.46D to 61.29 +/- 7.51D (p = 0.674) in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and optical effects improved postoperatively in group 1, and were stabilized in group 2. The preoperative distance from maximum anterior elevation to pupil center and the anterior elevation changes after CXL were factors in predicting the CXL outcome.
Corneal Topography ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glycolates ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; Pupil ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging ) had been the most up-to-dated modality in evaluating white matter disease in recent years, whereas US (ultrasonogram) has been used extensively in diagnosis of neonatal PVL(periventricular leukomalacia) conventionally. We evaluated the diagnostic value of MRI by reviewing the MR findings and correlation of MR and US of PVL in II preterm infants. Evaluation criteria were MR signal intensity and discrimination of PVL on each pulse sequences land comparision between MR and US findings performed simultaneously, on the extent of PVL, size of the largest cyst and detectability of hemorrhagic lesion. MR findings of 11 cases of PVL were of low signal patterns on T1WI (T1weighted image) in 7, low signal patterns of PDWI (proton density weighted image) in 9, iso signal patterns on T2WI(T2weighted image) in 8 and low signal patterns on STIR(short time inversion recovery) in 7 cases. The lesions of 11 PVL were well discriminated in all 11 cases of T1WI, 7 cases of STR, 5 case of PDWE and 2 cases of T2WI. The lateral ventricle was diffuse dilated (n=1) and focally dilated (n=3) in atrial area. In the comparative study, MR presented more extensive lesions in 7 cases, larger cysts in 6 cases out of 7 PVL and more definitive hemorrhage in 3 cases out of 4 cases than sonography. In conclusion MR was more valuable than sonography in evaluating the extent of lesions, size of the largest cystic lesion and detetion of hemorrhage. TIWI and STIR images were more useful in detection of PVL than T2WI and PDWI.
Diagnosis ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lateral Ventricles ; Leukoencephalopathies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Primary varicella infection usuelly runs a benign clinical course in the helthy population. However, hemorrhagic chicken pox presents with a very extensive eruption of hemorrhagic vesicles in patients with decreaed platelets or impaired immunity and is accompanied by severe constitutional symptoms. A 7-year-old male was admi due to abdompal pain for 1 day and peneralized vesicular eruption for 5 days. The eruption first appeared on the trunk and then spread to involved face, scalp and extrsmities. The skin rash was compatable with varicella but despite the administration of acclovir intravenously, the vesicular eruption became hemorrhagic. Ten days after admission, having experienced cardisc arrest twice and with his mental state in coms, he was diseharged as his situation was hopelesa. We have experienced a giatient diagnosed as having hemorrhagie, chicken pox complicated by encephalopathy.
Chickenpox* ; Chickens* ; Child ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Male ; Scalp

PURPOSE: This study describes the CT and MR findings of mucoceles occurred in the post-operative maxillary sinuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT and/or MR of 19 maxillary mucoceles in 16 patients who had been operated by CaldwelI-Luc procedure were reviewed. CT scans were performed after contrast enhancement in axial and coronal planes with 5mm thickness. Three cases were studied with a 2.0 T or 0.5 T MRI, which demonstrated multi-compartment lesions. RESULTS: The lesions were bilateral in 3 cases. Compartmentalization of the antral cavity was seen in 7 out of 19 involved sinuses. Surgical bone defect of the anterior wall was the most frequent route of extension (11 cases) and extension into the infratemporal fossa with erosion of posterolateral wall was seen in 7 lesions. In 6 cases, the lesions involved orbit. The expansile and erosive bone changes were localized in every case. In one case with multi-compartment lesion, both T1- and T2-weighted MR images showed different signal intensities in each compartment which represented different protein concentration. CONCLUSION: Post-operative maxillary mucocele showed CT findings of localized erosion and bulging most frequently at the anterior wall in which the bone windows were made during the previous surgery. Post-operative compartmentalization of maxillary antrum may cause eccentric expansion of mucocete and each compartment may show different signal intensities on MR.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Mucocele* ; Orbit ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Cyanosis*