The Dichloromethane(methylene chloride) is a highly volatile liquid used as a solvent, extraction medium, and paint remover. The most significant route of intoxication to dichloromethane is generally inhalation at work site or home, but ingestion is rare. The main toxicological harvard insults from in vivo conversion of dichloromethane to carbon monoxide. We present a case of dichloromethane intoxication following ingestion. A 71 years old male patient ingested 60-70cc of dichloromethane was brought to emergency department after stomach washout via nasogastric tube at other hospital. On arrival at emergency department(approximately 19 hours after ingestion), he was stuporous with a blood pressure 140/90mmHg, heart rate of 92 beats/min, dyspneic, respiratory rate of 24/min and body temperature 36.8 degrees C. His Pupils were isocoric, miotic, and sluggishly reactive. There were mucosal bums and significant secretion in oral cavity. On auscultation, breathing sound was coarse without role on both lung field. The COHb levels were 6.3%at 32 hours after ingestion and normalized to 0.6%at 44 hours after ingestion. Patient was transfered to intensive care unit and supportive care was started with 100% oxygen. On ingestion 4th day, chest X-ray showed pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome developed. Patient regained the consciousness on the 11th day. On the 30th day, respiratory function improved and the ventilator was removed. Alveolitis and mild pulmonary fibrosis developed and mild dyspnea was continued. On the 36th day, gastroscopic examinations showed ulceration of esophagus and stomach. On the 76th day, patient was discharged after pulmonary rehabilitation.
Aged ; Auscultation ; Blood Pressure ; Body Temperature ; Carbon Monoxide ; Consciousness ; Dyspnea ; Eating* ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Esophagus ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Intensive Care Units ; Lung ; Male ; Methylene Chloride* ; Mouth ; Oxygen ; Paint ; Pulmonary Edema ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Pupil ; Rehabilitation ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory Sounds ; Stomach ; Stupor ; Thorax ; Ulcer ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Workplace

Industrial exposure to toxic agent may produce a wide variety of respiratory damage. Acetic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent vingar-like odor. It is a rare case that acute lung injury is caused by inhalation of acetic acid. Acetic acid is miscible with water, and may directly produce damage to mucosa of respiratory tract due to its irritant quality. The outcome of the reaction is dependent on the intensity and duration of exposure and varies from death or pulmonary edema in acute phase to resolution or bronchiolitis obliterans or bronchiectasis. We experienced a rose of acute lung injury due to accidental inhalation of acetic acid. The patient was a 31-year-old male who had developed progressive chest discomfort, chilling sense, and mild dyspnea after accidental inhalation of acetic acid. He had severe hypoxemia and chest radiograph showed diane bilateral alveolar edema. He responded to conservative treatment with oxygen inhalation and was discharged with improved condition on the 7th hospital day.
Acetic Acid* ; Acute Lung Injury* ; Adult ; Anoxia ; Bronchiectasis ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; Dyspnea ; Edema ; Humans ; Inhalation* ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Odors ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Edema ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory System ; Thorax ; Water

No abstract available.
Head* ; Orthognathic Surgery* ; Posture* ; Prognathism*

No abstract available.
Lipopolysaccharides* ; Otitis Media with Effusion* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis*

No abstract available.
Knee* ; Ligaments*

The effect of topically instilled autologous serum on the heang of endothelium and change of aqueous chemical properties following alkali wounds were evaluated, New Zealand white rabbits, weighing 2.5kg. total of 64(64 eyes), were used in this experiment, Standardized corneal alkali wounds were produced by applying a round filter paper of 5.5mm in diameter, soaked in 1N NaOH, to the central cornea for 60 seconds. Autologous serum in the treated group and balanced salt solution(BBS) in the control group were given 4 times per day for 3 week. Endothelial defect areas and the concentrations of ascorbic acid, glucose and minerals in the aqueous humor were measured. Endothelial defect area was not significantly different between autologous serum-treated and control groups. The concentrations of ascorbic acid in the aqueous humor were significantly increased n the autologous serum-treated groups compared to the control groups. However, the concentrations of glucose, Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++ in the aqueous humor were not statistically different between two groups
Alkalies* ; Aqueous Humor ; Ascorbic Acid ; Cornea ; Endothelium ; Glucose ; Minerals ; Rabbits ; Wounds and Injuries*

Clavicle medial end fracture is rare, and it has not been studied extensively. Although there is debate regarding its treatment methods, because of the complications of conservative treatment, surgical treatment has been considered more than conservative treatment. This study describes a surgical method using double-plate fixation for treatment of clavicle medial end fractures in which plates were used on each anterior and superior border according to the anatomical structure of the clavicle. In addition, we report operative results of three patients treated by double-plate fixation.
Clavicle* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Epithelium* ; Humans* ; Insulin*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to develop education programs for improving medical school students' medical communication ability, and to provide basic information to help develop and operate medical communication education programs by analyzing the education programs and students satisfaction from the education effects. METHODS: The method was to survey 116 sophomores in C medical school in 2014 in order to research students' demands for the medical communication education, level differences of communication between before and after of the education, and students' satisfaction from the education program. Analysis of frequency, paired samples t-test, descriptive statistic analysis were used for the research. RESULTS: There were not only many students who did not get general communication educations before admission, but also many students who said they need medical communication education. On the whole, students' abilities of communication were improved. Building relationship, information gathering, sharing information, understanding one's perspectives factors was improved meaningfully in the statistics. However opening relationship, reach agreement, and providing closure were not improved meaningfully in the statistics. On the whole, the students were satisfied from the education programs. CONCLUSION: To develop education programs for medical communication ability, we need to construct the objectives of education and contents by researching students' demands and level of learning in communication area. Moreover we have to design curriculum to maintain the education effects consistently.
Communication ; Curriculum ; Education ; Education, Medical ; Health Communication ; Humans ; Learning ; Schools, Medical*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*