No abstract available.
Crowns* ; Glass*

The structures forming the shoulder joint are very complex and the biomechanical effects of them on the joint are not clearly lunderstood. Frequently the long head of the biceps brachii muscle is dislocated naturally and it has been said that the supratubercular ridge, the depth, and angle of medial wall of the intertubercular groove are important. And the angles between the long axis of the humerus and the axis of head and neck are important clinically. So the authors studied them in the 105 specimens of the Korean adults humerus. The results are as follows: 1. The complete type of the supratubercular ridge was present in 22.9% and the partial type was in 53.3% 2. If the ridge was present, the spur of the lesser tubercle was present in 67.5% and if not present, the spur was in 8%. 3. The angle of medial wall of the intertubercular groove was variable, and the angle less than 45 was 13.41°. 4. The angles between the long axis of the humerus and the axis of head and neck were much greater in male than female (P<0.05). 5. The average diameter of the head of the humerus was 4.42±0.4cm in male and 4.4±0.4cm in female (P < 0.05).
Adult ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Humerus ; Joints ; Male ; Neck ; Shoulder Joint

No abstract available.

Treatment modalities for herniated lumbar intervertebral disc are the conservative method, chemonucleolysis, percutaneous diskectomy and operation. Conservative treatment is effective in 70–80% of the acute stage and the other 20% requires chemonucleolysis, percutaneous diskectomy or operation. Indications for operation are cases not improved after conservative treatment, recurrent cases and cauda equina syndrome. Mixter and Barr(1934) demonstrated that laminectomy and surgical removal of disc material could relieve symptoms, but spinal segmental instability, incomplete removal of the disc and postoperative adhesion of the nerve root caused low back pain after long-term follow up. Thus, the authors evaluated the plain X-ray and computed tomographic findings in 21 cases of failed laminectomy to determine the cause of failure. The results were as follows ; 1. Among 21 cases, 18 cases complained of low back pain with sciatica and 3 cases complained of low back pain. 2. In all cases, disc space narrowing was detected on plain X-ray. Total laminectomy and diskectomy promote insufficiency and instability of the lumbar and lumbosacral spine. Whenever one attempts to do total laminectomy and diskectomy, it is recommended that spine fusion be performed in same operating field. 3. Several findings were detected on CT scan : 8 disc protrusions in the operation site, 6 disc protrusions in the operation site and spinal stenosis, 4 extradural scars, 1 extradural scar and other site disc protrusion and 2 cases of spinal stenosis and spondyloisthesis. 4. Computed tomography in cases of failed laminectomy offers more information than has been available by any other imaging method.
Cicatrix ; Diskectomy ; Diskectomy, Percutaneous ; Follow-Up Studies ; Intervertebral Disc ; Intervertebral Disc Chemolysis ; Laminectomy ; Low Back Pain ; Methods ; Polyradiculopathy ; Sciatica ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Automated external defibrillator(AED) represent a major breakdown to permit more widespread application of the principle of early defibrillation. Many recent efforts to improve emergency medical services(EMS) and increase survival rates are simply efforts to get defibrillation to patients as rapidly as possible. AED is major innovation for the prehospital care of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the course of initial training to three different groups(nurses, firefighters, and EMT trainee) to use AED. METHOD: We studies the efficacy of education of AED to 33 nurses, 15 EMT trainee, and 16 firefighters. Training lasted 75 mins and included 45 mins an overview of defibrillation, protocols for using the AED, and operation of the AED(Laerdal Heartstart 3000),15 mins demonstraion.4 check list was used to grade the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, operation of the AED, and the time required to deliver the first three defibrillations. RESULT: There were no statistically significant differences in performance and time required to deliver an electrical countershock among the groups(p=0.4). To the second test 92fo of all group completed all steps successfully. The step most often foiled was the preparing of the AED for defibrillation. CONCLUSION: In nurses, EMT trainee, and firefighters, it is both feasible and effective to train AED use irrespective of the degree of the trainee.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Defibrillators* ; Education ; Emergencies* ; Firefighters* ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Survival Rate ; Ventricular Fibrillation

No abstract available.

We report a case of sebaceous hyperplasia showing linear arrangement in a 13-year-old girl. The lesion was found at birth and became prominent gradually. Multiple small discrete yellowish papules were arranged in a linear pattern on the temporal srea of the face. Unusual, incidental histopathologic finding was a sebaceous lobule lying in a dilated infundibular portion, which appeared to represent transfollicular extrusion of sebaceous lobule as a natural phenomenon.
Adolescent ; Deception ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Parturition

BACKGROUND: Decreased heart rate variability(HRV) has been shown to be an independent predictor of poor outcome after acute myocardial infarction, Spectral analysis of HRV has recently been shown to be a reliable noninvasive test for quantiative assessment of cardiovascular autonomic regulatory response. We estimated the reproducibility and circadian rhythm of HRV parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: Three consecutive 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings were made in 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction, with 10~14 days after the acute attack, and analyzed for HRV parameters of both frequency and time domains. Parameters of frequency domain include low frequency(LF) and high frequency(HF) components. Parameters of time domain include sdRR, SDANN, SD, pNN50, rMSSD, HRV index. RESULTS: Mean total, low frequency and high frequency amplitude spectral densities were 33msec, 19msec and 11msec, respectively. Mean values of sdRR, SDANN, SD, rMSSD, pNN50 and HRV index were 103msec, 90msec, 47msec, 28msec, 7% and 32, respectively. Coefficients of variation(CV) of total amplitude spectral density, and low and high frequency components were 7%, 9% and 12%, respectively. CV of most HRV parameters of time domain were also around 10% except rMSSD and pNN50. Heart rate increased in the morning to be sustained during the day time and decreased in the night. Heart rate variability of high frequency component decreased in the early morning to be sustained during day time with increase in the night. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in the predischarge period of acute myocardial infarction, HRV parameters of frequency and time domains are reproducible and there are some morning fall of cardiac vagal activity.
Circadian Rhythm ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*