The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among perceived health status, self-esteem, self-efficacy and health promoting behavior, and to determine the predictors of health promoting behavior in post-mastectomy patients. The study, a descriptive correlational study, was done with structural questionnaires. A total of 51 post-mastectomy subjects from C university hospital in Kwang-ju, South Korea completed mail-in self-reporting questionnaires during a three month period from March to June, 1999. The data were collected using Lawstone's(1982) perceived health status scale, Rosenberg's(1965) self-esteem scale, the modified self-efficacy scale(Shere et al, 1982), and the modified health promoting lifestyle profile (Walker et al, 1987). The data obtained were analyzed according to percentage, mean and standard deviation, principal component analysis, varimax rotation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1. The health promoting behavior measurement resulted in six factors. Each factor was labelled as follows: self-actualization, nutrition, stress management, exercise, health responsibility and interpersonal support. The total percent of variance explained by the six factors was 58.4%. 2. The mean score of health promoting behavior was 85.92(range 58~117). The scores of six factor were nutrition 3.20, self-actualization 2.59, stress management 2.58, interpersonal support 2.58, health responsibility 2.49, and exercise 2.34 on a four point scale. 3. When the score of health promoting behavior factors were compared by general characteristics. FactorI: self-actualization, differed significantly by the frequency of pregnancy (F=3.06, p=.037). FactorII: nutrition differed significantly by drinking experience(t=-2.26, p=.028) and the pre- or post stage of menopause(F=2.69, p=078). FactorIII: stress management differed significantly depending on regularity of mensturation(t=-2.12, p= .042). FactorIV: exercise differed significantly by type of religion (F=2.49, p=.072), marital status(F=5.03, p=.010), and feeding type (F=2.64, p=.036). FactorV: health responsibility differed significantly by regularity of mensturation(t=2.18, p=.037). 4. The total health promoting behavior score was significantly related to self-esteem and perceived health status(r=.610, p.006; r= .378, p=.006). The score of self-actualization also corresponded with self-esteem and perceived health status(r=.556, p=.001; r=.343, p=.013). 5. The predictor to explain the score of health promoting behavior was self-esteem, which accounted for 37.1% of the total variance. The predictor to explain the score of self-actualization was self-esteem, which accounted for 30.9% of the total variance. The score of nutrition was primarily affected by both premenopause and drinking experience, which accounted for 13.1% and 9.5% respectively. Finally, the score of exercise was dictated by marriage, Buddhism, no experience of breast feeding, which accounted for 17%, 9.8%, & 5.2% respectively. In conclusion, self-esteem is the main predictor for health promoting behavior in post-mastectomy women. These findings suggest a need for nursing strategies which promote self-esteem in such patients.
Breast Feeding ; Buddhism ; Drinking ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Marriage ; Nursing ; Pregnancy ; Premenopause ; Principal Component Analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Meningitis* ; Salmonella*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the characteristics of CT findings in differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated CT findings of histopathologically proved 32 cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis, 12 cases of nodal lymphoma, 29 cases of metastasis from March 1986 to Dec. 1992, retrospectively. We analyzed age and sex distribution, location of lymphadenopathy, internal nodal density, feature of contrast enhancement, extracapsular spread and nodal calcification. RESULTS: Tuberculous lymphadenitis was more preponderant in young female (mean;32) and CT showed internal low density(91%) with irregular thick marginal enhancement(46.9%), predilection for spinal accessory node(71.9%), and nodal calcification(5/32). Nodal lymphoma showed predilection for internal jugular chain (100%) and had conglomerated homogeneous internal node structures(83%). Metastasis showed old male preponderance (mean :52 years), predilected at internal jugular chain(89.7%),internal low density(93.3%) with regular thin marginal enhancement(44.8%), extracapsular spread(41.4%), and nodal calcification(2 cases of nodal metastasis of papillary type thyroid cancer). CONCLUSION: We concluded that CT evaluation of the chracteristics of lymphadenopathy is helpful for differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases* ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Thyroid Gland ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node

No abstract available.
Muscle, Skeletal*

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the degree of self-efficacy, transplant-related knowledge, and other factors affecting compliance with a therapeutic regimen for liver transplant recipients. METHODS: Participants were 140 patients who had received a liver transplant at a tertiary hospital in Y City, Gyeongnam Province and made regular hospital visits as outpatients. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect the data and collection was done from December 4, 2017 to January 26, 2018. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, and t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients. Multiple linear regression was performed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: Participants scored 113.29±20.95 (out of 150) on self-efficacy, 16.38±3.62 (out of 18) on transplant-related knowledge, and 148.30±31.06 (out of 200) on compliance with the therapeutic regimen. Analyzed of correlations among participant's self-efficacy, transplant-related knowledge, and compliance with the therapeutic regimen showed a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and compliance with the therapeutic regimen (r=.64, p=.001), but no significant correlations were found between self-efficacy and transplant-related knowledge (r=−.01, p=.912) or between transplant-related knowledge and compliance with the therapeutic regimen (r=.06, p=.458). Multiple regression analysis showed that factors affecting compliance with the therapeutic regimen were state of re-transplantation (β=.17, p=.016) and self-efficacy (β=.53, p=.001). CONCLUSION: There is a need to apply a differentiated nursing intervention program considering the differences in patients' self-efficacy, transplant-related knowledge, and compliance with the therapeutic regimen.
Compliance ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver ; Nursing ; Outpatients ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Transplant Recipients

Purpose: This study identified the influence of self-leadership, managers’ authentic leadership, and nurses’ organizational culture relationships on hospital nurses‘organizational silence. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-method study was conducted. For the quantitative portion, 138 nurses from seven hospitals participated. For the qualitative portion, ten nurses with high organizational silence scores were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis using NVivo 12.0. Results: Quantitative results indicated that self-expectations and a relation-oriented culture explained 14.0% of the variance in acquiescent silence. The combined effect of rehearsal, constructive thought, and relational transparency associated with managers’ authentic leadership on prosocial silence was 15.0%. Qualitative results revealed eight primary themes related to organizational silence: 1) being unable to voice my opinion because I feel insignificant, 2) things that middle managers cannot say, 3) earnest managers, 4) receptive managers, 5) indifferent managers, 6) feeling of camaraderie, 7) selective silence based on performance, and 8) mandatory following of directives. Conclusion Programs to improve managers’ leadership skills and reduce hospital nurses’ organizational silence should be implemented consistently. Hospitals should strive to foster a positive and equitable organizational culture.

Purpose: This study identified the influence of self-leadership, managers’ authentic leadership, and nurses’ organizational culture relationships on hospital nurses‘organizational silence. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-method study was conducted. For the quantitative portion, 138 nurses from seven hospitals participated. For the qualitative portion, ten nurses with high organizational silence scores were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis using NVivo 12.0. Results: Quantitative results indicated that self-expectations and a relation-oriented culture explained 14.0% of the variance in acquiescent silence. The combined effect of rehearsal, constructive thought, and relational transparency associated with managers’ authentic leadership on prosocial silence was 15.0%. Qualitative results revealed eight primary themes related to organizational silence: 1) being unable to voice my opinion because I feel insignificant, 2) things that middle managers cannot say, 3) earnest managers, 4) receptive managers, 5) indifferent managers, 6) feeling of camaraderie, 7) selective silence based on performance, and 8) mandatory following of directives. Conclusion Programs to improve managers’ leadership skills and reduce hospital nurses’ organizational silence should be implemented consistently. Hospitals should strive to foster a positive and equitable organizational culture.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe and understand the meaning and nature of the process of forming a therapeutic relationship among nursing students working with older patients with dementia in long-term care hospitals. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 nursing students from September to October 2024. We examined and described the collected data based on Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: Seventeen theme clusters and five categories were derived from the nursing students' experiences. The five categories were as follows: preparing for scheduled encounters with unfamiliar people, embarking upon exploration to build a relationship, making various efforts to maintain a therapeutic relationship, facing obstacles in maintaining a relationship, and witnessing myself growing in a therapeutic relationship. Conclusion Efforts should be made to develop and implement training programs that would reinforce nursing students' competencies to care for older patients with dementia through consistent interactions and exchanges with field practitioners.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe and understand the meaning and nature of the process of forming a therapeutic relationship among nursing students working with older patients with dementia in long-term care hospitals. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 nursing students from September to October 2024. We examined and described the collected data based on Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: Seventeen theme clusters and five categories were derived from the nursing students' experiences. The five categories were as follows: preparing for scheduled encounters with unfamiliar people, embarking upon exploration to build a relationship, making various efforts to maintain a therapeutic relationship, facing obstacles in maintaining a relationship, and witnessing myself growing in a therapeutic relationship. Conclusion Efforts should be made to develop and implement training programs that would reinforce nursing students' competencies to care for older patients with dementia through consistent interactions and exchanges with field practitioners.

Purpose: This study identified the influence of self-leadership, managers’ authentic leadership, and nurses’ organizational culture relationships on hospital nurses‘organizational silence. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-method study was conducted. For the quantitative portion, 138 nurses from seven hospitals participated. For the qualitative portion, ten nurses with high organizational silence scores were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis using NVivo 12.0. Results: Quantitative results indicated that self-expectations and a relation-oriented culture explained 14.0% of the variance in acquiescent silence. The combined effect of rehearsal, constructive thought, and relational transparency associated with managers’ authentic leadership on prosocial silence was 15.0%. Qualitative results revealed eight primary themes related to organizational silence: 1) being unable to voice my opinion because I feel insignificant, 2) things that middle managers cannot say, 3) earnest managers, 4) receptive managers, 5) indifferent managers, 6) feeling of camaraderie, 7) selective silence based on performance, and 8) mandatory following of directives. Conclusion Programs to improve managers’ leadership skills and reduce hospital nurses’ organizational silence should be implemented consistently. Hospitals should strive to foster a positive and equitable organizational culture.