No abstract available.
Braces* ; Collateral Ligaments* ; Knee Joint* ; Knee*

The term pseudolymphoma is not specific, and a variety of infl; m atory reactions may simulate clinically and histopat,hologically a cutaneous malignant lymphomas udolymphoma induced by drug therapies, especially anticonvulsants, have been reportecl. These pseidayrnphornas most commonly appear as single lesions. Characteristically, few localized lesions disappear after discontinuing therapy with the offending drug. Multiple and generalized tumors are very rate. We report a case of generalized cutaneous pseudolymphoma assocated with phenytoin therapy in a 52-year old male patient.
Anticonvulsants ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenytoin* ; Pseudolymphoma*

OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) produced in ovary may contribute to follicle maturation, ovulation, oocyte maturation and luteinization. In this study, the effect of nitric oxide on the spontaneous maturation of mouse oocyte was observed. Method: The index of oocyte maturation was checked by the germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and appearance of polar body (PB) under microscope in the denuded oocytes and oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs) from mouse ovarian follicles after 24 hours pregnant-mare serum gonadotropin treatment. RESULTS: The GVBD appeared 50 %, 1 hour and 80 %, 2 hrs after changes of oocytes from dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP, 0.5 mM) contained media into dbcAMP-free media. dbcAMP (0.5 mM) completely blocked the GVBD until 24 hrs but dbcGMP (5 mM) delayed the GVBD by 1 hr. Sodium nitroprusside, the NO generator, inhibited the GVBD dose-dependently at 2 hr incubation in denuded and OCCs. The appearance of GVBD was not different between control and dbcGMP or SNP in denuded oocytes and OCCs at 24 hrs incubation. The guanylate cyclase activity in denuded oocyte cytosol was not detected whereas the guanylate cyclase activity in OCCs cytosol was 1.3 nmole/min/mg protein which was increased about 3 times by SNP (100 micrometer). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the NO in ovary may delay the spontaneous oocyte maturation in early stage by acting on the maturation signaling protein as well as guanylate cyclase.
Animals ; Bucladesine ; Cytosol ; Female ; Gonadotropins ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Lutein ; Luteinization ; Mice* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; Oocytes* ; Ovarian Follicle ; Ovary ; Ovulation ; Polar Bodies ; Staphylococcal Protein A

No abstract available.
Appendix* ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous* ; Mucins* ; Mucocele* ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei*

No abstract available.
Appendix* ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous* ; Mucins* ; Mucocele* ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei*

The authors experienced 52 patients with myasthenia gravis who were diagnosed at the Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital from August 1985 to January 1996. The following results were obtained through diagnostic evaluation and treatment. 1. The ratio of male to female was 1:1.7 and the most prevalent age group was second decade. 2. The most common initial presentation symptom was ocular(71.2%) and the peak incidence group was stage I (69.3%) according to the modified Osserman's classification. 3. In 16 patients(30.8%), it took more than a year to diagnose due to symptoms which were relapsed and remitting. 4. Of 52 patients, 2 cases were associated with thyroid disease(3.8%) and 2 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(3.8%). 5. All of those who received anticholinesterase and corticosteroid therapy were improved with the exception of 5 cases which were improved after thymectomy and/or plasmapheresis.
Classification ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Neurology ; Plasmapheresis ; Thymectomy ; Thyroid Gland

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that cerebral ischemia alters brain acetylcholine (Ach) metabolism. In an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms for ischemia-induced release of Ach in vitro, the effects of drugs which can influence the cholinergic neurotransmission on the ischemia-induced release of [3H]Ach from cerebral cortical slices of the rat were examined. METHODS: The cortices of decapitated rats were chopped and dispersed in artificial CSF. Then, the tissue suspensions were incubated with [3H]choline. The tissues were transferred and incubated in washing, hypoglycemic (deprivation of glucose), ischemic (deprivation of oxygen and glucose) and extracting plates sequently. Ischemia-induced release of [3H]Ach was expressed as percentage of the total [3H]Ach present in the slices. RESULTS: Ischemia induced significant release (about 9.3% of total tissue content) of [3H]Ach from cerebral cortical slices in vitro. This [3H]Ach release was significantly attenuated by tetrodotoxin, a voltage-sensitive Na+-channel blocker, and Mg2+, a physiological N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blocker. Vesamicol (1 M), a blocker of vesicular transport of Ach, MK-801 and ketamine, NMDA receptor antagonists, 6,7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX) and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), kainate/AMPA receptor antagonists, and 6-nitro-7-sulphamoylbenzo[f]quinoxaline-2,3-dione (NBQX), a AMPA receptor blocker attenuated the [3H]Ach. Nitrendipine, nimodipine, inhibitor of L-type Ca2+ channels, and -conotoxin GVIA, an inhibitor of N-type Ca2+ channels, significantly attenuated the ischemia-induced release of [3H]Ach. Omission of Ca2+ from incubation media attenuated the ischemia-induced [3H]Ach release. Inhibitors of intracellular Ca2+ release, dantrolene and TMB-8, and a cell-permeable calcium chelator, 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N, N, N+, N+-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl) ester (BAPTA-AM), inhibited the ischemia-evoked [3H]Ach release. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the ischemia can induce Ach rele.
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ; Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Brain ; Brain Ischemia ; Calcium ; Dantrolene ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Ischemia ; Ketamine ; Metabolism ; N-Methylaspartate ; Nimodipine ; Nitrendipine ; Oxygen ; Rats* ; Receptors, AMPA ; Suspensions ; Synaptic Transmission ; Tetrodotoxin

Guillain-Barre syndrom(GBS) is not a single entity, but may arise from a variety of pathogenic mechanisms. In GBS, abnormally increased autoantibody levels to GM, constitute a group with motor neuropathy predominantly and substantial axonal damage, particularly those following Campylobacter enteritis. We report a patient, 43 years old male, who presented with 3 days history of rapidly progressive weakness of all extremities. Electreophysiologic studies were suggestive of axonal form of motor dominant polyneuropathy, Using ELISA, autoantibody of MAG(myelin associated glycoprtein) and SGPG(sulfoglucuronyl paraglobiside) showed normal ranges, but IgG GM. Autoantibodies abnormally elevated. Additionally antibody titer of Campylobacter jejuni increased. We reported the axonal form of Guillain, Barr syndrome associated with IgG GM,, Ab and antiCampylobacter jejuni antibody.
Adult ; Autoantibodies ; Axons* ; Campylobacter jejuni* ; Campylobacter* ; Enteritis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extremities ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Male ; Polyneuropathies ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: To report a case of unilateral trochlear nerve schwannoma in a patient without neurofibromatosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 58-year-old male presented with acute onset of diplopia which developed 10 days prior. Alternate prism cover test, ductions and versions and Bielschowsky three-step test were compatible with left superior oblique muscle palsy. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging showed a 6-mm-sized lobulated mass in the cisternal segment of the left trochlear nerve passing lateral to the brainstem. An additional thin-section gadolinium-enhanced orbit magnetic resonance imaging showed definite enhancement in the entire portion of the lobulated mass, compatible with a trochlear nerve schwannoma. Diplopia was managed conservatively with prism glasses and regular follow-up examinations were recommended without further treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A trochlear nerve tumor should be considered in adults who develop diplopia associated with acquired superior oblique muscle palsy.
Adult ; Brain Stem ; Diplopia* ; Eyeglasses ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glass ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma* ; Neurofibromatoses ; Orbit ; Paralysis ; Telescopes* ; Trochlear Nerve*

BACKGROUND: The role of aging in damage to DNA have been of increasing in recent years. DNA damage correlated with biochemical and physiologic changes that are characteristic of cellular impairment in aging and disease. Reduction of oxygen in tissue produces a number of oxygen free radicals which may induce cellular damage and even cell death. Glutathione, its function in reductive processes that are essential for the synthesis (and the degradation) of proteins, formation of deoxyribonucleotide precursors of DNA, regulation of enzymes, and protection of the cell against reactive oxygen compounds and free radicals. The aim of this study was, 1) to measure the glutathione concentration and glutathione proxidase activity of erythroyte, plasma, human gastric mucosa in elderly and liver cirrhosis patient 2) to investigate a role of glutathione mediated cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress between in liver cirrhosis patient and in elderly. METHODS: We measured glutathione concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma, erythrocytes, gastric mucosa of human in 4 group (Group A: 10 patients of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertensive gastropathy in age 40~55 years, Group B: same number and disease of patients in age over 65 years, group C: healthy person of age over 65 years, Group D: control). Glutathione concentration of erythocyte, plasma and human gastric mucosa was measured by spectrophotometer using Bioxytech GSH-400. Glutathione peroxidase activity of plasma was measured by Paglia & Valentine method using Bioxytech pl. Gpx and of erythocyte and human gastric mucosa was measured by using Bioxytech Gpx.340. Statistical significance of the different group was determined by ANOVA. A p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULT: Glutathione concentration of erythrocytes and gastric mucosa was decreased in Group A, B, C compared to group D. plasma concentration of glutathione was decreased in group A, B compared to group C, D. Activity of glutathione peroxidase was not different in any group (ANOVA, p<0.005). CONCLUSION: Even though glutathione concentration of erythrocyte and human gastric mucosa was decreased in elderly and in liver cirrhosis patient, our study shows decreased glutathione related defense mechanism against oxidative stress is different in view of plasma concentration of glutathione.
Aged ; Aging ; Cell Death ; DNA ; DNA Damage ; Erythrocytes* ; Free Radicals ; Gastric Mucosa* ; Glutathione Peroxidase* ; Glutathione* ; Humans* ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Compounds ; Plasma*