No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell*

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Miliary*

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of isoflavones on lipid concentrations and hepatic LDL receptor mRNA level in growing female rats. Twenty four rats (body weight 75 +/- 5 g) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, consuming control diet or isoflavones supplemented diet (57 mg isoflavones/100 g diet). All rats has been fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. The concentration of triglyceride and total cholesterol were measured in serum and liver. Serum HDL cholesterol was measured. Hepatic LDL receptor mRNA level was tested by RT-PCR. Supplementation of isoflavones did not affect weight gain, mean food intake and food efficiency ratio. Serum total cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol of isoflavones supplemented rats were significantly lower than those of control rats (p < 0.05). But hepatic cholseterol level was not influenced by supplementation of isoflavones. Hepatic LDL receptor mRNA level not significantly different between control group and isoflavones supplemented group. Therefore, isoflavones may be beneficial on serum cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol lowering in growing female rats.
Animals ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Diet* ; Eating ; Female* ; Humans ; Isoflavones* ; Liver ; Rats* ; Receptors, LDL* ; RNA, Messenger* ; Triglycerides ; Water ; Weight Gain

This study was focused on whether or not isoflavones affect the increase in bone mineral density of growing females. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (60 +/- 5 g) were randomly assigned to two groups and provided control diets (control group) or isoflavone-supplemented diet (IF group, 57.8 mg isoflavones/100 g diet) for 9 weeks in growing female rats. Measurements of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Bone Mineral Content (BMC) on the experimental animals were executed in the 3rd, 6th, 9th weeks. In result, there was no significant difference in spine BMD between the isoflavones supplemented group and the control group. But, the IF group tended to have higher BMD than the control group in between 3 and 9 experimental weeks, and the striking difference could be shown in the 6th week of feeding. In case of femur BMD, the effects of added isoflavones appeared in the 6th week of feeding, and it became intensified in the 9th week of feeding to the extent that the BMD in the IF group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation increased spine BMD per weight in the 6th week of feeding, and affected the increase of femur BMD in the 9th week. The result of the experiment implies that it affects positively the formation of spine and femur BMD of growing female rats. The study also suggests that the effects of isoflavone on the pattern of BMD formation might differ from the parts of bones.
Animals ; Bone Density ; Diet ; Female ; Femur ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spine ; Strikes, Employee

BACKGROUND: Neuroplasty using a Racz catheter or epiduroscope and percutaneous endoscopic laser discectomy are performed as treatment for chronic refractory low back and/or lower extremity pain, but they are limited in that they cannot completely remove the causing pathology. Lately, epiduroscopic laser neural decompression (ELND) has been receiving attention as an alternative treatment, but there are insufficient reports of results. Hence we aimed to investigate and report the data in our hospital. METHODS: Seventy-seven patients were selected who had received ELND via the anterior and posterior epidural approach through the pain clinic in our hospital from March 2011 to July 2012. Their medical records including age, diagnosis, epiduroscopic findings and degree of symptom relief were investigated. The degree of symptom relief following the procedure was categorized into 5 stages of very good (5), good (4), no change (3), bad (2), and very bad (1) at 2 weeks and 1 month after the procedure. RESULTS: The subjects were 30 males and 47 females. Mean age was 54.6 for males and 59.6 for females, so the overall mean age was 58.1 years old, with the youngest being 23 and the oldest 88 years old. In epiduroscopic images of all patients, more than one situation of herniated disc, fibrous tissue and adhesion, or inflammation was observed. Sixty-seven patients (87.0%) showed symptom relief 2 weeks after the procedure and 63 patients (81.8%) showed relief after 1 month. CONCLUSIONS: ELND is considered to be an effective treatment alternative for chronic refractory low back and/or lower extremity pain, including lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, and failed back surgery syndrome which cannot be alleviated with existing non-invasive conservative treatment.
Catheters ; Decompression ; Diskectomy ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Medical Records ; Pain Clinics ; Spinal Stenosis

Epiduroscopy is very useful in the treatment of not only low back pain caused by failed back surgery syndrome, epidural scar or herniated disc but also by chronic refractory low back pain which does not respond to interventional conservative treatment including fluoroscopically-directed epidural steroid injections and percutaneous adhesiolysis. Because cauterization using a laser fiber has become recently available, a wider opening is required to enter into the sacral canal in the case of epiduroscopic laser neural decompression (ELND). However, in a few patients, it is difficult to insert a device into the epidural space due to stenosis around the opening, and there is no alternative method. Herein, we report a case where a hiatus rasp specially designed for such patients was used to perform the operation.
Cicatrix ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Decompression ; Epidural Space ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Low Back Pain

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop an online education on death, 'successful life, and beautiful death' for university students and to evaluate students' changes regarding perception of self and death. METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used with one experimental group pre-post test. Subjects were 154 students who enrolled for online education about death for 16 weeks. SPSS/WIN 12 was used for analyzing data. RESULT: The results of the study clearly indicated this class had positive effects on students' perception of death-related concepts, attitudes toward death, and self-concept, showing statistically significant higher scores in post-tests than in pre-tests. In addition, the result of class evaluations showed a positive response, CONCLUSION: Findings suggested that this online education about death was effective to change students' perceptions of death related knowledge, attitude toward death, and self-concept. Recommendations for further studies were provided.
Adult ; *Attitude to Death ; Data Collection ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Models, Educational ; Perception ; Self Concept ; Students/*psychology

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between nutrient intake and bone mineral density (BMD) of elderly women in Daegu, Korea. In this study, the bone mineral densities of 101 elderly women in Daegu were measured, and their nutrient intake, dietary habits, and maternal factors were determined through a survey. The subjects were divided into the normal group, the osteopenia group, and osteoporosis group to find out if there is a correlation between bone mineral density and maternal factors, dietary habits, and nutrient intake through their T-scores, analyzed according to the standards of WHO. Classification by T-scores of the participants were the normal group 25.7%, the osteopenia group 39.6%, the osteoporosis group 34.7%. Menopause age of the osteoporosis group was lower, postmenopausal period was longer, and last delivery age was significantly higher than the normal group (p<0.05). Osteoporosis group had a lower percentage of 'everyday' fruit and vegetable intakes and higher percentage of 'never' dairy intake than of the normal group. Vitamin A, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 intakes of participants in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the normal group (p<0.05). In conclusion, nutritional education is necessary to encourage high intake of milk and vegetables and fruits along with calcium, vitamin A, B1, and B1 intakes and low intake of sodium for the prevention of elderly women's osteoporosis.
Aged* ; Bone Density* ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Calcium ; Classification ; Daegu* ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits ; Fruit ; Humans ; Korea* ; Menopause ; Milk ; Osteoporosis ; Postmenopause ; Riboflavin ; Sodium ; Thiamine ; Vegetables ; Vitamin A

Primary amenorrhea due to intrasella arachnoid cyst is a very rare disease and require careful and frequent evaluation because may produce intracranial hemorrhage, elevated intracranial pressure and rapid expansion. Surgical intervention is needed only when visual disturbance, hypopituitarism or enlarging lesion is shown. Thus, we present a case of primary amenorrhea due to intrasella arachnoid cyst which was resected through the transsphenoidal approach.
Amenorrhea ; Arachnoid* ; Female ; Hypogonadism* ; Hypopituitarism ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Rare Diseases

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze death attitudes of students majoring in the human service area, such as nursing science, education, and social welfare. METHOD: The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. The 38 selected Q-statements from each of 42 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL PC program. RESULT: Four types of death attitudes for research subjects in nursing, education, and social welfare areas were identified. Type I is fatalistic admission, Type II is pursuit of existential life, Type III is uncertainty of life after death, and Type IV is separation-connection between life and death. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that different approaches of death educational programs are recommended based on the four types of death attitudes.
Teaching ; Students, Nursing/*psychology ; Students/*psychology ; Social Work/*education ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; *Attitude to Death ; Adult