We reviewed the 43 medical records of patients with cellulitis or erysipelas who had been admitted at the depar1ment of dermatology of Seoul National University Hospital and followed them up for mean 21.6 months. The results were as follows. 1. The sex ratio of patients with cellulitis was 1:1.4 and the average age was 49 years. 2. The lower extremity as the most frequently invloved site of cellulitis with the frequency of 58.1% (25 cases), with the head and neck being involved in 16 cases(37.2%) and trunk and upper extremity in 1 case each(2.3% ). 3. The portals of infecticin were suspected in 33 cases(76% ), where tinea pedis was detect,ed in 18 cases(41.9%), previous skin infeection 10 cases(23.3%) and trauma in 9 cases(20.9%). 4. Initial systemic symptoms were fever(76.7%), chill(65.1%) and headache(37.2%). Erythema(100%), local heating(90,7%), tenderness(88.4%), swelling(86.0%), ulcer(16.3%), bulla(14.0%), lymphangitis(9.2%) and lymphadenit,is(9.2%) were found in the skin lesions. 5. The laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis in 35.7%, elevaed ESR in 86.8% positive 6. ASO titer in 63.0% and positive CRP in 80%, Microorganism. were detected in only 1 of 15 blood cultures, in 2 of 4 bulla fluid cultures and in 7 of 9 bus cultures. There was no growth of causative microorganisms in 3 tissue cultures and 9 saline needle aspiration cultures. Penicillin was used as primary antibiotics in 19 cases, which changed to another antibiotics due to lack of improvement in 3 cases and cefazolin was used in 21 cases, which changed in 2 cases due to the same reason. 7. Average admission priod was 11 days(range from 3 to 20 days) and 30.2% of patients wit.h cellulitis experienced recurrence, but 48% on low extrernity in contrast with 6.7% on head and neck.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cefazolin ; Cellulitis* ; Dermatology ; Erysipelas ; Head ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Lower Extremity ; Medical Records ; Neck ; Needles ; Penicillins ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Tinea Pedis ; Upper Extremity

PURPOSE: To evaluate photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin for iris and angle neovascularization in eyes with neovascular glaucoma. METHODS: We treat a patient who had neovascular glaucoma with iris and angle neovacularization and showed reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) and the obliteration of neovascularization after PDT. PDT was performed following the treatment parameters used in age-related macular degeneration. The laser was directed at the anterior chamber angle and iris surface using a Goldmann three-mirror contact lens. Follow-up examination was performed 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 weeks after PDT, and included visual acuity, IOP, and iris fluorescein angiography (7 weeks after PDT). RESULTS: Two months after PDT, we observed a reduction of IOP and the improvement of iris fluorescein leakage. IOP diminished considerably after 1 week, and showed subsequent tendency toward stabilization without additional antiglaucoma medicine. CONCLUSIONS: Photodynamic therapy can be used safely and effectively in the early phase of neovascular glaucoma to achieve the obliteration of iris and angle neovascularization and induce IOP reduction.
Anterior Chamber ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Macular Degeneration ; Photochemotherapy* ; Visual Acuity

It is well-knwon that computed tomography (CT) is useful in detecting accurately the location, extent, erosion and relationshlp of angiofibroma to surrounding structures such as pterygopalatine fossa, It is well-known that computed tomography (CT) is useful in detecting accurately the location, extent, erosion and relatiohship of angiofibroma to surrounding structures such as pterygopalatine fossa, sphenoid slnus, and etc. CT of 20 patients with juvenile angiofibroma, which were examined for 5 years from Feburary, 1979 to May. 1984 at Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, were retrospectively analized. The results were as follows: 1. AII 20 patients of juvenile angiofibroma had tumors in nasopharynx and posterior nasal cavity showing homogeneously dense.enhancing soft tissue mass on CT. There was extension of the tumor from nasopharyhx and posterior nas.al cavity into Pílranasal sinus (60%, 12/20), pterygopalatine fossa (55%, 11/20), infratemporal fossa (30%, 6/20), posterior orbit (10%, 2/20) and cranial cavity (15%, 3/20). 2. Angiography usually adds Iittle diagnostic information, but is still needed to identify the precise source of blood supply to the tumor, and to perform the pre-operative embolization. The use of CT has deferred angiography until just before surgery, permitting embolization at optimal time. 3. CT is almost always necessary to reveal accurately the full extent of the tumor, especially intracranial space in the axial and coronal planes with contrast enhancement. CT is useful both in diagnosis as a guide to angiography and in planning the adequate thereapy of juvenile angiogibroma.
Angiofibroma ; Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharynx ; Orbit ; Pterygopalatine Fossa ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Elbow*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of various types of opponensplasties which have been performed for the last 15 years. For the patients who had median nerve injury with or without ulnar nerve injury, we usually transferred the ECRL or ECRB to restore thumb opposition and Huber s procedure were usually done for thumb hypoplasia. With the criteria outlined by Sundararaj and Mani, postoperative function of 27 hands from 23 patients who underwent the opponensplasty from March 1981 to March 1995 were evaluated. The results from each etiology group were analyzed by the same criteria. Also subjective opinion of the patients about the scar were investigated by our own criteria. The analysis from overall 27 hands yielded 19 excellent (70.4%), 4 good (14.8%), 3 fair (11.1%), and 1 poor (3.7%) results with Sundararaj and Mani s criteria and 1 excellent (3.7%), 14 good (81.5%), 3 fair (11.1%), and 1 poor (3.7%) results about the scar. In 11 patients with nerve injury (median nerve with or without ulnar nerve injury), 7 excellent and 2 fair results were yielded by the ECRL or ECRB transfer, 1 excellent by Phalen-Miller's procedure, and 1 excellent by Burkhalter's procedure. In 8 patients with congenital hypoplastic thumb, 7 excellent results were yielded by Huber's procedure and 1 excellent by the ECRB transfer. In 8 patients with residual poliomyelitis or brachial plexus injury, the ECRB transfer yielded 3 excellent results. However, 2 good and 1 fair results were obtained by Bunnell's procedure; and l good, l poor by Camitz's procedure. In summary, the ECRL or ECRB transfer in the patients who had neuropathy, such as median with or without ulnar nerve injury, brachial plexus injury or residual poliomyelitis; and Huber's procedure in congenital hypoplastic thumb were thought to be one of the useful methods for the restoration of the thumb opposition.
Brachial Plexus ; Cicatrix ; Hand ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Poliomyelitis ; Thumb* ; Ulnar Nerve

Brain size is a useful parameter describing ontogenic character and function. Despite its potential contribution to functional study and diagnosis of disease, it has been hampered by poor assessment tools in vivo and postmortem changes. Recent development of medical imaging techniques such as MRI and CT enable us to understand brain structures in vivo. Many morphometirc studies of the brain has given us new insights in the field of functional neuroanatomy and neuropsychiatric diseases. In spite of these advances, volumetric data of normal Korean brain is not available yet. As an initial approach to Korean standard brain size, we measured the cerebellar volume between 20 and 80 years old Koreans. The MRI films free from lesions in brain was analyzed and measured by NIH image program. The Korean cerebellar volume were ranged between 86.2cm(3) and 141.3 cm(3) and average male cerebellum volume was significantly larger than that of female[male : 118.2+/-11.2cm(3)] > female : 108.0+/-9.6cm(3), P=0.1021E-07<0.05]. And we could not find volume change according to aging process. This is the first report on normal Korean cerebellar volume and the presence of gender difference in the Korean cerebellar volume. These data will be used for the standard useful in studying cerebellar function and cerebellum associated disorders in the future.
Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Neuroanatomy ; Postmortem Changes

This study was done to examine changes of plasma homovanillic, acid(HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA), and HVA/5-HIAA ratio during an 8-week clozapine trial and to investigate the relationship between the plasma monoamine metabolites and treatment responses. Twenty-seven chronic schizophrenic patients were treated for 8 weeks with clozapine. The psychopathology was assessed at baseline just clozapine trial and then every 2 weeks until the end of 8-week clozapine treatment using the positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and the Clinical Global Impression scale(CGI). The plasma HVA and 5-HIAA levels were measured also biweekly using high preformance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection method. Plasma HVA and 5-HIAA levels were significantly decreased during a 8-week chozapine treatment, although plasma HVA/5-HIAA ratio showed no significant change. The changes of plasma HVA levels were in significant correlations with the changes of PANSS positive scores, of general psychophathology scores, and changes of total scores. The changes of plasma 5-HIAA levels were in significant correlations with the changes of PANSS negative scores. But the changes of plasma HVA/5-HIAA ratio had no significant correlation with any PANSS subscale score changes. 48% of the patients treated with clozapine was categorized as responders, who showed at least a 20% decrease in PANSS total score and a CGI severity score of mildly ill or less(< or =3) of the end pint of the study. The baseline plasma HVA levels and HVA/5-HiAA) ratio were significantly higher in responders(N=13) than in nonresponders(N=14). But no significant difference in the change of plasma HVA between responders(40.3% decrement) and nonresponders(3.1% increment). But no significant difference in the change of plasma 5-HIAA and the change of plasma HVA/5-HIAA ratio between responders and nonresponders were observed. These results suggest that the antipsychotic effect of clozapine on positive symptoms may be associated with dopaminergic blocking activity, and that on negative symptoms may be associated with serotonergic blocking activity. The baseline plasma HVA levels and the change of HVA levels from baseline may be useful predictors of treatment response with clozapine.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Clozapine ; Homovanillic Acid* ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid ; Plasma* ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia*

The Editorial Office of Obstet Gynecol Sci would like to correct the author's name. The Editorial Office apologizes for any inconvenience that it may have caused.

OBJECTIVES: On the basis of the relationship between positron emission tomography and symptom profiles in schizophrenia by Liddle et al, the authors attempted to investigate the related brain regions associated with clinical symptoms by studying the correlations between the performance of neuro-psychological tests likely to reflect functioning of dorsolateral preftontal, orbitofiontal or cingulate, parietal, and temporal cortices and 3 dimensions (psychotic or reality distortion, negative, and disorganization) of symptoms. METHODS: 41 subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia were scored for each of the three dimensions by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Subjects performed 12 neuropsychological tests designed to measure impairment in specific areas of the brain. RESULTS: According to partial co-rrelations to remove possible confounding variables, the neuropsychological correlates of psychotic(reality distortion) and disorganization dimensions were some tests considered to be related to dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal lobes, and cingulate and dorsolateral preliontal cortices, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results support a part of hypotheses, a specific relation between disorganization and cingulate cortex. In addition our results suggest the possibile relations between a psychotic dimension and functions of dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal lobes, and between a disorganization one and functions of cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. The authors believe that our study supports different neural circuits associated with each of dimensions of symptoms, particularly psychotic and disorganization, in schizophrenia.
Brain ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Diagnosis ; Gyrus Cinguli ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Parietal Lobe ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Rabeprazole ; Schizophrenia*

BACKGROUND : There are various factors affecting the nutritional status of the elderly. Depression has been known as an important factor of malnutrition in them. We had already reported the poor nutritional status of elderly diabetics [J Kor Diabetes Association 22(1):71, 1998]. We investigated to document the prevalence of malnutrition and its relationship to depression in elderly diabetic patients. METHODS : We studied 52 patients aged 65 and over (65-00 y, mean 76.7 y; 22 men, 30 women) with diabetes mellitus admitted during from 1996 through 1997. Malnutrition was diagnosed on presence of 1 or more criteria; 10% weight loss in last 3 months, serum albumin <3.3 g/dL, serum transferrin <200 mg/dL, and blood total lymphocyte<1,800/mm3. There was no significant differences between depressed Group and non-depressed Group in duration of diabetes, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and number of complication including hypoglycemic episodes. Depression was assessed on Hamilton Depression Scale score of 16 or more. Data were analyzed by Chi square test. RESULTS : 28/52 (53.9%) were malnourished, 12/52 (23.1%) having depression. Of the 12 patients with depression, only 5 had malnutrition. No significant relation between depression and malnutrition was found (Chi squre=2.689, p=0.992). CONCLUSION : Depression might have no significant relationship to malnutrition in the elderly diabetic in-patients.
Aged* ; Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Depression* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fasting ; Humans ; Male ; Malnutrition* ; Nutritional Status ; Prevalence ; Serum Albumin ; Transferrin ; Weight Loss