MRI (magnetic resonance imaging ) had been the most up-to-dated modality in evaluating white matter disease in recent years, whereas US (ultrasonogram) has been used extensively in diagnosis of neonatal PVL(periventricular leukomalacia) conventionally. We evaluated the diagnostic value of MRI by reviewing the MR findings and correlation of MR and US of PVL in II preterm infants. Evaluation criteria were MR signal intensity and discrimination of PVL on each pulse sequences land comparision between MR and US findings performed simultaneously, on the extent of PVL, size of the largest cyst and detectability of hemorrhagic lesion. MR findings of 11 cases of PVL were of low signal patterns on T1WI (T1weighted image) in 7, low signal patterns of PDWI (proton density weighted image) in 9, iso signal patterns on T2WI(T2weighted image) in 8 and low signal patterns on STIR(short time inversion recovery) in 7 cases. The lesions of 11 PVL were well discriminated in all 11 cases of T1WI, 7 cases of STR, 5 case of PDWE and 2 cases of T2WI. The lateral ventricle was diffuse dilated (n=1) and focally dilated (n=3) in atrial area. In the comparative study, MR presented more extensive lesions in 7 cases, larger cysts in 6 cases out of 7 PVL and more definitive hemorrhage in 3 cases out of 4 cases than sonography. In conclusion MR was more valuable than sonography in evaluating the extent of lesions, size of the largest cystic lesion and detetion of hemorrhage. TIWI and STIR images were more useful in detection of PVL than T2WI and PDWI.
Diagnosis ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lateral Ventricles ; Leukoencephalopathies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic and micaceous balanitis is a rare distictive clinical entity that represents a histologic spectrum ranging from hypertrophic hyperpalstic penile dystrophy to verrucous carcinoma. This condition is thought to be a malignant growth potential by resistance to treatment and its tendency toward local recurrence. We report two cases with similar clinical presentation of hyperkeratotic plaque and micaceous scaly patches on the glans penis that were compatible with pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic and micaceous balanitis. Histopathologically, case 1, 48 year-old male was progressed to squamous cell carcinoma and case 2, 78 year-old male, was shown pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia without malignant changes.
Aged ; Balanitis* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Carcinoma, Verrucous ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penis ; Recurrence

We describe a case of typical cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis occuring in 10-year-old male. He had recurrent subcutaneous nodules, fever, pancytopenia and abnormal liver function tests since 5 months of his age, and recently showed hemorrhagic diathesis. The histologic picture showed lobular histiocytic panniculitis with "bean bag" cytophagic cells.
Child ; Fever ; Hemorrhagic Disorders ; Humans ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Pancytopenia ; Panniculitis*

We report a case of factitial panniculitis in a 50-year-old female patient who had multiple variable sized subcutaneous nodules on area accessible to the hands and disappeared by only prohibition of habitual skin massage. Histologic findings showed mostly lobular panniculitis with hemosiderin deposits, many foamy histiocytes and pseudomicrocysts.
Female ; Hand ; Hemosiderin ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Panniculitis* ; Skin

The prevalences of dermographism in 106 patients with atopic dermatitis and 45 patients with allergic rhinitis were studied using a dermographic tester. The results are as follows : 1. Dermographism was more common in atopic dermatitis(17.0%) than in the general population(6.7%), but no significant difference was observed between allergic rhinitis(6.7%) and general population. 2. The prevalence rates of dermographism were not significantly correlated with the level of serum IgE in both atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Prevalence* ; Rhinitis*

PURPOSE: This study was done to develop and evaluate the Integrated Stress Management Program (ISMP) for elders in rural communities. METHOD: ISMP consists of 6 educational programs to improve self-management behavior and therapeutic recreational activities and was developed by analyzing the published reports and through multidisciplinary cooperation.Effectiveness of the ISMP was evaluated by implementing the program with 53 rural elders living at home, one session a week of, 2 hours per session over, 6 weeks from March 14 to April. 22, 2005. RESULTS: After participating in the program, participants' perceived levels of stress decreased(t=2.940, p<.05), and mood state (t=4.229, p<.001), life satisfaction(t=-4.911, p<.001), and perceived social support (t=-2.891, p<.05) increased significantly. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that the ISMP is an effective program for relieving stress level, and increasing positive mood, life satisfaction, and social support for elders in a rural community.
Rural Population* ; Self Care

Total or mostly total intestinal aganglionosis is rare and invariably fatal. All patients with aganglionosis involving more than half of the small bowel have died with persistent intestinal obstruction and secondary malnutrition and infection. Recently, we experienced two cases of total colon aganglionosis extending to the middle of the jejunum in triplet. We report the cases with brief review of literatures.
Colon* ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Jejunum ; Malnutrition ; Triplets*

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine whether MMPI scores could discriminate between normal group and exaggerated pain group and predict treatment prognosis in exaggerated pain group. METHODS: For psychological evaluation, MMPI was administered to 37 low back pain patients and 36 normal controls. MMPI findings in two groups were compared, using t-test and discriminant function analysis. Nineteen patients of exaggerated low back pain group contacted by telephone were questioned about treatment satisfaction degree. And satisfaction group(9 patients)nd dissatisfaction group(6 patients)s MMPI findings were compared. RESULT: Hy, Hs, D scale scores in exaggerated pain group were higher than in control group. In discriminant function analysis by Hs, Hy, and D, percent of correctly classified 'gouped' cases was 74%. Discriminant function of Hy scale was the highest and that of D scale was the lowest. In satisfaction degree study, no finding was significant. CONCLUSION: MMPI findings were effective in discriminating between exaggerated pain group and normal control group. Further researches will need more structured and comprehensive approach.
Humans ; Low Back Pain* ; MMPI* ; Prognosis ; Telephone

OBJECTIVES: This study is to explore the frequency of basic symptoms and their relationship with current clinical variables in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Eighty-eight schizophrenic patients diagnosed with SCID were interviewed with the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptom (BSABS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS: Most frequent basic symptoms were related to abnormalities in perception, cognition and stress reactivity. After controlling age effect, number of admission was correlated negatively with cluster 3 (impaired tolerance to normal stress). Onset age was correlated positively with cluster 3 and cluster 4 (disorders of emotion and affect) and total score. Scores of cluster 1 (thought, language, perception, motor disturbances), and cluster 2 (impaired bodily sensations), and total score of BSABS were significantly lower in paranoid type than residual type of schizophrenia. Scores of cluster 1, cluster 2, and total score of BSABS were correlated positively with subscales for positive and negative symptoms and general psychopathology and total score of PANSS. Cluster 3 was correlated positively only with general psychopathology score and cluster 4 with both positive symptoms and general psychopathology score. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that certain basic symptoms aggregate significantly in schizophrenia, especially in paranoid type schizophrenia and that systemic evaluation of basic symptoms can be used for the prediction of onset and progress of schizophrenia.
Age of Onset ; Cognition ; Humans ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVES: This study is to explore the frequency of basic symptoms and their relationship with current clinical variables in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Eighty-eight schizophrenic patients diagnosed with SCID were interviewed with the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptom (BSABS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS: Most frequent basic symptoms were related to abnormalities in perception, cognition and stress reactivity. After controlling age effect, number of admission was correlated negatively with cluster 3 (impaired tolerance to normal stress). Onset age was correlated positively with cluster 3 and cluster 4 (disorders of emotion and affect) and total score. Scores of cluster 1 (thought, language, perception, motor disturbances), and cluster 2 (impaired bodily sensations), and total score of BSABS were significantly lower in paranoid type than residual type of schizophrenia. Scores of cluster 1, cluster 2, and total score of BSABS were correlated positively with subscales for positive and negative symptoms and general psychopathology and total score of PANSS. Cluster 3 was correlated positively only with general psychopathology score and cluster 4 with both positive symptoms and general psychopathology score. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that certain basic symptoms aggregate significantly in schizophrenia, especially in paranoid type schizophrenia and that systemic evaluation of basic symptoms can be used for the prediction of onset and progress of schizophrenia.
Age of Onset ; Cognition ; Humans ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia