No abstract available.
Subclavian Artery* ; Thoracic Outlet Syndrome* ; Thromboembolism*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Prone Position* ; Thoracotomy*

To assess the role of multiple factors in influencing occurrence of ventricular premature complexes after acute myocardial infarction twenty-four hour Holter electrocardiographic tape recording were made in 40 survivors of an acute myocardial infarction 10 to 20days after attack. Ventricular premature complexes in the early post infarction period were not correlated with left ventricular function, age, sex, smoking, diabetes mellitus, previous angina, and previous myocardial infarction. The occurrence of ventricular premature complexes showed a positive correlation with the occurrence of ST-T change. The occurrence of ventricular premature complexes during sleep hours was compared to the awake state. In 22 patients, the incidence of ventricular premature complexes are excluded from analysis, the 22 of patients, or in 76 percent, sleep was associated with a lowered occurrence of ventricular extrasystoles.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Myocardial Infarction ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Survivors ; Tape Recording ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Ventricular Premature Complexes*

The management of fractures of os calcis remains highly controversial. The fractures involving subtalar joint may cause serious and persistent disabilities. Recently, the computed tomography (CT) scan has been shown to he superior in evaluating the intraarticular fractures of calcaneus and the most widely used classification is based on the number of fragments especially seen on. Although the classification of calcaneal fractures hy CT, tongue type and joint depression type fractures hy plain radiographic views have been commonly used. Generally, closed reduction and axial fixation with metallic pin for tongue type fractures and open reduction and internal fixation for joint depression type fractures have been performed. The authors did so. The 13 fractures were tongue types and 17 fractures were joint depression types. The intraarticular calcaneal fractures of 30 feet in 26 patients who were treated at Our Lady of Mercy Hospital were analyzed in clinical and radiological aspects from Mar.1991 to Apr.1996. The results were as follows: 1. Of 30 cases, 16 fractures were treated with closed reduction and pinning, and 14 fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. 2. The preoperative, postoperative and the last follow-up average Bohlers angle were 6.0, 21.0 and 20.5 respectively. 3. The preoperative, postoperative and the last follow-up average Gissanes angle was 106, 129 and 126 respectively. 4. Based on assessment of the criteria of Salama et al 19), excellent results were 5, good results were 14, fair results were 6 and poor results were 5. 5. All the five cases of poor results were tongue type fractures and they were treated with closed reduction and axial pinning. 6. Of 7 fractures using autogenous iliac bone graft, 6 fractures were good, I fracture was fair and there was no poor results. Therefore, open reduction and internal fixation for joint depression type calcaneal fractures was thought to be a good method of treatment. But we must consider whether axial fixation with metallic pin for tongue type calcaneal fractures will be a good method of treatment.
Calcaneus ; Classification ; Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joints ; Subtalar Joint ; Tongue ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic*

No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular*

No abstract available.
Emphysema*

PURPOSE: Colorectal surgery, there are many important prognostic factors---depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. In there, the involvement of the lymph nodes by metastatic colorectal carcinoma may depends on several factors such as the sex, the age of the patient, tumor site and size, the symptomatic duration of the disease, tumor cell differentiation, and operating methods. In that point of view, we want to know how many lymph nodes are dissected for enough to determine statistically considerated Dukes C stage. METHODS: We had studied 128 operation cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma from our hospital admission during the period of May, 1988 to October, 1997 to determine to provide an accurate assessment of the presence of nodal metastases. Patients status, tumor site and size, symptomatic duration of disease, tumor cell differentiation, and operating methods of 128 cases were analyzed. We calculated the probability to find at least one positive node in Dukes C, by binomial distribution from SPSS (version 7.5). RESULTS: Eighty-three specimens (65%) were classified as Dukes B. Forty-five specimen (35%) had lymph node metastases (Dukes C) with a mean of 4.1+/-4.1 positive lymph nodes per specimen. The mean total number of lymph nodes identified per specimen was 11.6+/-7.4 (range 1~41), Dukes B was 10.9+/-7.1 (range 1~29) and Dukes C was 12.8+/-7.9 (range 3~41). Applying Students t-test to compare two independent average means, the result was the absence of significant differences in the number of nodes for the specimens defined as Dukes B and Dukes C, sex, age, symptom duration, and operationmethods whereas significant differences did exist for the specimen depending on the tumor differentiation, tumor size, and location. Poorly differentiation cancer was more prominent meaning than well or moderately differentiation in Dukes B (p<0.05). In stage Dukes C, if tumor size was below 2cm it was differences in other sizes (p<0.05). In tumor location, if tumor sited ascending colon was more prominent than sigmoid and rectum (p<0.05). According to our result, minimum 6 lymph nodes per specimen were optimal Dukes C staging assessment. CONCLUSION: The minimum 6 lymph nodes provided an accurate assessment of the presence of nodal metastases (95 percent confidence interval) in Dukes C stage.
Adenocarcinoma ; Cell Differentiation ; Colon, Ascending ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Rectum

No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular*

No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular*