BACKGROUND : Heart rate variability informed us to diagnose impairment of autonomic nervous system in patient with diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic renal disease, arrhythmia. Change of autonomic nervous system is related to circadian rhythm, stress, physical activity, age and so on. Especially, impairment of vagal nervous system with age help us to expect sudden cardiac death, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia. So we survey heart rate variability by using 24 hours Holter monitoring to expect impairment of autonomic nervous system in elderly hypertensive patients. METHODS : In order to assess 24 hours heart rate variability, we used Del Mar Avionics 563 Holter monitoring on 15 older hypertensive patient (>or=65 years), 15 older hypertensive patient(<64 years), 15 younger healthy subjects (<64 years), and 15 older healthy subjects (>or=65 years). The following frequency domain variables were considered: low frequency(LF), high frequency(HF) power spectral parameter, and LF/HF ratio. Results : 1) There was significant decrease in LF power spectral parameter in older groups compared with younger groups 394.0+/-237.8 vs 127.7+/-96.3, p<0.05, 171.8+/-173.5 vs 40.8+/-33.8, p<0.05). 2) In hypertensive patients, there was significant decrease in HF power spectral parameter compared with healthy subjects(989.2+/-553.8 vs 526.0+/-364.7, p<0.05, 804.2+/-404.5 vs 368.8+/-241.2, p<0.05). 3) Although there was no significant difference, L/H ratio decreased in older groups compared with younger gourps. 4) In circadian rhythm, control subjects had low HF power spectral parameter at morning. LF/HF ratio was high at morning in younger groups. CONCLUSION : L/H ratio was depressed in older groups. HF was blunted in hypertensive groups. Thus, impairment of autonomic nervous system was accelerated by age and hypertension.
Aged ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Autonomic Nervous System ; Circadian Rhythm ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Motor Activity ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Nervous System ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

No abstract available.
Endoderm* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor*

The first case report of granular cell tumor was by Abrikossoff in 1926, the tumor has been named with more than 20 different synonyms. It is found usually in the tongue, oral cavity, and the skin. It occurs rarely in the esophagus. Esophageal granular cell tumor is a benign lesion which can be diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. Large symptomatic lesion can be removed by polypectomy. A 29-year-old female visited our hospital for intermittent epigastric pain and anterior chest discomfort. Endoscopy showed a 0.6 *0.4 cm whitish yellow nodule in the mid-esophagus, 25 cm from the incisor teeth. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed with "O"-type rubber band for endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL). A case of esophageal granular cell tumor conformed by S-100 protein stain is reported with the review of literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Endoscopy ; Esophagus* ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Incisor ; Mouth ; Rubber ; S100 Proteins ; Skin ; Thorax ; Tongue ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: The renin angiotensin syaimstem plays an important role in hypertension. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the comparison of responsiveness to angiotensin II (ANG II) in isolated renal proximal convoluted tubules of spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. METHODS: Intracellualr calcium concentration ([Ca2+i) was measured using Fura- 2/AM, inositol trisphosphate (IP3) accumulation was determined by radioimmuno assay and cellular ATP content measured using the microchemilunescene method in renal proximal tubule suspension or isolated renal proximal tubules. RESULTS: When measured the ANG II-induced [Ca2+i, the young rats showed a greater response to ANG II than adult rats in both strains. The ANG II (10-7 M)-induced [Ca2+i transient in the cortical tubule suspension from adult SHR was significantly lower than that in age-matched WKY. In isolated proximal tubule segments, ANG II-induced [Ca2+i increment was only observed in S1 segments. Comparing responsiveness to ANG II in SHR and WKY, similar phenomenon was observed as experiment using tubule suspension. IP3 accumulation by ANG II also attenuated in adult SHR. The 20-minutes incubation without any exogenous substrate in proximal convoluted tubule (S1) significantly decreased cellular ATP content and ANG II (10-7 M) inhibited decrement of cellular ATP level. The effect of ANG II on cellular ATP restoration was disappeared by the treatment with losartan. CONCLUSION: From these results, the responsiveness of ANG II to AT1A receptor is attenuated in the proximal convoluted tubules of adult SHR comparing the age- mached WKY.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Adult* ; Angiotensin II ; Angiotensins ; Animals ; Calcium ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Inositol ; Losartan ; Rats ; Renin

Pseudopolyps represent discrete areas of mucosal inflammation and regeneration that are seen in a variety of inflammatory bowel disease including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. These polyps are typically short, measuring less than 1.5 cm in height. Rarely, localized giant pseudopolyposis can occur, i.e., a collection of larger inflammatory pseudopolyps giving rise to a mass lesion within the colon. The most serious problem concerned with pseudopolyposis is a confusion with carcinoma. We experienced a case of localized giant pseudopolyposis causing partial large bowel obstruction. Right hemicolectomy was done for a preoperative diagnosis of ascending colon carcinoma. The resected specimen contained a circumferential lesion, which was composed of numerous interconnecting cylindrical villi, measuring 12 cm in length and 3 cm in height. Microscopically, these polypoid lesions were inflammatory pseudopolyps. Several deep fissure-like ulcerations were noted with multifocal microabscess, lymphoid hyperplasia and an area of noncaseating granuloma.

Thin study measured dietary intakes in late pregnancy and psychological stress during the period of gestation and examined the roles of diet and psychological stress in pregnancy weight gain and infant birth weight. Study subjects were 98 pregnant women who delivered infants at 2 general hospitals in Taejon city. Mean weight gain during pregnancy was 14.6+/-4.89Kg. Mean infant birth weight was 3.39+/-0.62kg in males and 3.28+/-0.43Kg in females. Mean energy and protein intake levels were adequate, but mean iron and calcium intakes were only 61.2+/-14.9% and 79.1+/-18.2% of RDA, respectively. Fat intake which constitutes 22.0+/-4.3% of total energy intake, and animal protein intake which constitutes 22.0+/-4.3% of total energy intake, and animal protein intake which constitutes 53.7% of total protein intake were moderately high. Though mean energy, fat, animal protein, and meat protein intakes in the low psychological stress group were higher than those in the middle or high stress group, psychological stress did not significantly affect pregnancy weight gain and infant birth weight. High intakes of nutrients except for dairy protein, iron, and niacin were associated with higher pregnancy weight gain and high intakes of protein and meat protein were associated with higher infant birth weight. It is concluded that dietary intakes during pregnancy has effects on pregnancy weight gain and infant birth weight, and psychological stress has no direct effect on them.
Animals ; Birth Weight ; Calcium ; Daejeon* ; Diet ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Infant ; Iron ; Male ; Meat ; Niacin ; Parturition* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Stress, Psychological* ; Weight Gain

When coexistence of carcinoma with similar histologic type is present in female genital tract, it is difficult to differentiate independent primary tumor from metastasis. Most of them are endometrial and ovarian tumors, but coexistence of uterine cervical and ovarian tumor with similar histologic type is rare. We experienced an independent primary tumor of ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix. The patient was a 50-year-old woman. She had a lower abdominal mass which was detected as a huge cyst on ultrasonography. Although the ovarian lesions were bilateral, features that preferred to consider independent primary tumor are listed as; absence of lymphatic or vascular invasion, absence of ovarian surface implant, superficial invasion of cervical tumor, absence of tumor in abdominal cavity, and disease free follow-up after removal of the tumor.
Female ; Humans ; Cysts ; Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Uterine Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle*

PURPOSE: Phyllodes tumor is a rare fibroepithelial disease of the breast that is classified as benign, borderline malignant, or malignant according to the pathological characteristics. To clarify diagnostic criteria for these groups, we analyzed the clinico-pathological characteristics of phyllodes tumors and the risk factors for local recurrence after surgery. METHODS: Between January 1997 and March 2003, we included 70 cases of recurring, pathologically-confirmed phyllodes tumors after surgery. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for clinical characteristics and pathologic findings. RESULTS: The mean follow up period was 69.3 months (range 45.4 to 119.3 months) and mean age, 39.4 years old (range 18 to 63 years old). Benign phyllodes tumors were present in 45 cases (64.3%), borderline malignant tumors in 15 cases (21.4%), and malignant tumors in 10 cases (14.3%). A local recurrence developed in 9 cases (12.9%), with three of these cases benign (33.3%), 5 cases were borderline malignant (55.6%), and 1 case was malignant (11.1%). Borderline malignant cases showed a higher local recurrent rate (6.7%, 33.3%, and 10.0%, P=0.027). The local recurrence rate between the tumor-positive or close (<1 mm) resection margins and non-involved cases was different for benign (7.7% vs. 6.3%, P=0.031) and borderline malignant cases (60.0% vs. 20.0%, ns). CONCLUSION: Pathologic classification and small resection margins are risk factors for local recurrence in phyllodes tumors. Therefore, borderline malignant phyllodes tumors require wide excision with a sufficient resection margin or a mastectomy to prevent local recurrence.
Breast ; Follow-Up Studies ; Mastectomy ; Medical Records ; Phyllodes Tumor ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors