No abstract available.
Thrombosis* ; Veins*

This study was done to explore the effect of Korean women's salt usage behavior on their sodium intake and excretion according to aging. Dietary sodium intake and salt usage behavior were analyzed to compare the difference between young and middle-aged women. One hundred fifty six young women and 77 middle-aged women without hypertension or any current medication were recruited. Body mass index, waist hip ratio, blood pressure were measured from each subject. Salt usage behaviors were surveyed with questionnaire, sodium intake with 24-hr recall method, and sodium excretion with spot urine. Middle-aged women were more obese than young women according to body mass index and waist hip ratio. Blood pressure was significantly higher for the middle-aged. Young women consumed more fats and middle-aged women more carbohydrates. Middle-aged women consumed more sodium and potassium, and excreted more sodium. Among questionnaire items, kimchi, soup or pot stew, or salted vegetables were found to be related with high sodium diet. Salted vegetables and salted nuts and potato chips were significantly correlated with young women's high sodium diet, while soy sauce on fried food, kimchi, salted vegetables accounted for middle-aged women's high sodium diet. With these results, we concluded that middle-aged women consumed more carbohydrates, less fat, and more sodium and potassium than young women. Middle-aged women frequently choose kimchi, soup or pot stew, or salted vegetables, and they contribute to high sodium intake. We recommend to choose low-salt kimchi, less soup or pot stew, and more fresh vegetables for lower sodium diet.
Aging ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Carbohydrates ; Diet ; Fats ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Nuts ; Potassium ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sodium ; Sodium, Dietary ; Solanum tuberosum ; Soy Foods ; Vegetables ; Waist-Hip Ratio

As obesity is known to be related to hyperlipidemia, insulin and leptin resistance, and other chronic diseases, much recent research has focused on functional food materials and their anti-obesity activity. This study was performed to study the effects of Artemisia Iwayomogi oligosaccharide AIPI on the anti-obesity function in normal rats and diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. F344 male rats were divided into four groups: Normal-control (CONT), normal-AIPI, DIO-CONT and DIO-AIPI. The groups were provided with water (in the CONT groups) or another drink for 4 weeks. The final body weights of rats in the DIO-AIPI group were lower than those in the CONT group. Abdominal adipose tissue weight per kg of body weight in the DIO-AIPI group was significantly lower than that in the DIO-CONT group. Also, the final levels of serum-triglyceride, serum-total cholesterol and serum-low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the DIO-AIPI group were lower than those in the DIO-CONT group. Moreover, the serum-high density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the normal-AIPI group was significantly higher than that in the normal-CONT group. Finally, the serum-leptin concentration was significantly lower in the DIO-AIPI group. Total lipid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol contents in the feces of the DIO-AIPI group were as high as 142%, 199%, and 165% of the respective values of the DIO-CONT GROUP. These results indicate that orally administered Artemisia Iwayomogi oligosaccharide not only has hypotriglycemic and hypocholesterolemic effects, but also has the effect of reducing the body weight and the abdominal adipose tissue weights obese rats. Therefore, we expect that Artemisia Iwayomogi oligosaccharide AIPI may have an anti-obesity function in F344 diet-induced obese rats.
Abdominal Fat ; Animals ; Artemisia* ; Body Weight ; Cholesterol ; Chronic Disease ; Feces ; Functional Food ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Insulin ; Leptin* ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Obesity ; Rats* ; Triglycerides ; Water ; Weights and Measures

Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage is major cause of neonatal anemia. And neonatal anemia is fatal disease of high mortality rate. Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage is defined as hemorrhage of fetal blood above 150 mL in the maternal circulation. Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage is infrequent but represents a fatal cause of perinatal death. To identify fetal blood in the maternal circulation, Kleihauer-Betke test or flow cytometry has been usually used. But recently HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) is used in the detection and quantification of fetomaternal transfusion. In fetomaternal transfusion, anemic newborn must be treated when circulatory failure is present. Circulatory failure often necessitates blood transfusion. We report two cases of severe anemia due to massive fetomaternal hemorrhage in full term baby. Each case was diagnosed by high performance lipuid chromatography and treated with exchange transfusion in order to avoid fluid overload and subsequent heart failure.
Anemia ; Anemia, Neonatal ; Blood Transfusion ; Chromatography ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetomaternal Transfusion ; Flow Cytometry ; Heart Failure ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Shock

The purpose of this study was to identify the barrier factors of health behaviors of urban and rural elderly and to compare the health behaviors and level of barriers between two groups, and finally to get the basic informations about the adequate nursing strategies to promote the health state of urban and rural elderly. The subjects of this study were 177 over the age of 65, 81 elderly lived in Seoul and 96 elderly lived in rural areas. The instruments for this study were the health behavior scale(14 items) and the barrier scale (118 items) developed by Gu et al(2003). For the data analysis, SPSS PC program was utilized for descriptive statistics, chi2- test, t-test, Pearson correlation. The results of this study were ; 1. The mean score of health behaviors (range 1-4) was 2.69 in urban elderly and 2.33 in rural elderly ; there was significant difference(t=5.03, P=.00). 2. There were significant differences in levels of barriers(range 1-3) between the two groups, such as calcium intake(t=-3.16, P=.00), regular exercise(t=-3.80, P=.00), exercise time(t=-5.54, P=.00), use of stress reduction method(t=-3.45, P=.00), regular check up(t=-3.89, P=.00), vaccination(t= -3.83, P=.00). Higher levels of barriers were found in rural elderly than in urban elderly.3. Lack of habituation, lack of will power and lack of knowledge in calcium intake; lack of time, lack of habituatuion, lack of family support, lack of will power and lack of environment in exercise; lack of perceived benefit, lack of time, lack of will power and lack of knowledge in use of stress reduction method; lack of time, lack of interest, lack of habituation and lack of will power in disease prevention were significantly higher in rural elderly than in urban elderly.In the conclusion, nursing interventions should be planned based on the social environment of elderly. To promote the health state of elderly, interventions to decrease the barrier levels and to reduce the barrier factors to health behaviors should be implemented.
Aged* ; Calcium ; Health Behavior* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Seoul ; Social Environment ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: We performed a pilot survey via internet to assess the prevalence of overactive bladder syndrome (OABs) and urinary incontinence(UI) in young and middle aged women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 22 April 2002 to 5 May 2002, a total of 3,372(89.8%) women(mean age: 26.3+/-4.8 years) among 3,757 participants completed a questionnaire via internet web site. They were divided into 3 groups: those who had OABs(group 1), who had UI(group 2), and controls who had neither. The factors related to OABs and UI were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 3,372 respondents, the prevalence of OABs and UI in young women was 429(12.7%) and 707 (21%), respectively. The factors related to OABs were history of urinary tract infection and family history. The factors related to UI were age, occupation, history of urinary tract infection, family history, and parity. CONCLUSIONS: The symptoms suggestive of OABs and UI are highly prevalent in young and middle aged women. So, effective healthcare polices and prompt management about OABs and UI should be concerned.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged* ; Occupations ; Parity ; Prevalence* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive* ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Tract Infections

Subcutaneous panniculitic T-cell lymphoma(SPTCL) is categorized as a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by primary involvement of the subcutaneous fat in a manner mimicking panniculitis with/without hemophagocytic syndrome. They share a generally aggressive course and are highly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. EBV infection plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and may be related to cutaneous lymphoma with hemophagocytic manifestations. We have seen a patient, a 67-year-old woman with tender erythematous nodules on both upper extremities and abdomen. With time, the skin lesion showed ulcerative change on her right thigh. She has also suffered from fever, weight loss, arthralgia, and general weakness without hepatosplenomegaly or lymphadenopathy for 4 months. During the admission, she complained of nausea, vomiting and dysarthria. On the MRI examination, we found a multi-focal solid lesion on her brain. The histopathological findings of the biopsy from her abdominal skin lesion showed a septal and lobular, histiocytic panniculitis with bean bag cells and atypical lymphoid cells identified as NK like T-cells and also dense diffuse infiltrates localized in the lower dermis and subcutaneous tissue, with minimal epidermal and upper dermal infiltrates without destructive change of blood vessels. The infiltrating atypical lymphoid cells expressed the phenotype of LCA, CD45RO, CD3, CD8, CD56 and also positive for EBV by in situ hybridization. Our case showed a clonal TCR gamma gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction. She was subjected to a course of treatment(cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone and radiation therapy) under the diagnosis of SPTCL. but died of sepsis due to urinary tract infections after 2 months.
Abdomen ; Aged ; Arthralgia ; Biopsy ; Blood Vessels ; Brain ; Carcinogenesis ; Central Nervous System* ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Dysarthria ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Female ; Fever ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor gamma ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, T-Cell* ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nausea ; Panniculitis ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prednisolone ; Sepsis ; Skin* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; T-Lymphocytes* ; Thigh ; Ulcer ; Upper Extremity ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vincristine ; Vomiting ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: To find out effectiveness of multimodality treatments based on induction chemotherapy(CTx) in patients with clinical stage IIIA NSCLC METHODS: From 1997 to 2002, 74 patients with clinical stage IIIA NSCLC underwent induction CTx at the hospital of Chungnam National University. Induction CTx included above two cycles of cisplatin-based regimens(ectoposide, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, or taxol) followed by tumor evaluation. In 30 complete resection group, additional 4500-5000cGy radiotherapy(RTx) was delivered in 15 patients with pathologic nodal metastasis. 29 out of 44 patients who were unresectable disease, refusal of operation, and incomplete resection were followed by 60-70Gy RTx in local treatment. Additional 1-3 cycle CTx were done in case of induction CTx responders in both local treatment groups. RESULTS: Induction CTx response rate were 44.6%(complete remission 1.4% & partial response 43.2%) and there was no difference of response rate by regimens(p=0.506). After induction chemotherapy, only 33 out of resectable 55 ones(including initial resectable 37 patients) were performed by surgical treatment because of 13 refusal of surgery by themselves and 9 poor predicted reserve lung function. There were 30(40.5%) patients with complete resection, 2(2.6%) persons with incomplete resection, and 1(1.3%) person with open & closure. Response rate in 27 ones with chest RTx out of non-operation group was 4.8% CR and 11.9% PR. In complete resection group, relapse free interval was 13.6 months and 2 year recur rate was 52%. In non-complete resection(incomplete resection or non-operation) group, disease progression free interval was 11.2 months and 2 year disease progression rate was 66.7%. Median survival time of induction CTx 74 patients with IIIA NSCLC was 25.1months. When compared complete resection group with non-complete resection group, the median survival time was 31.7 and 23.4months(p=0.024) and the 2-year overall survival rate was 80% and 41% . In the complete resection group, adjuvant postoperative RTx subgroup significantly improved the 2-year local control rate(0% vs. 40%, p= 0.007) but did not significantly improve overall survival(32.2months vs. 34.9months, p=0.48). CONCLUSION: Induction CTx is a possible method in the multimodality treatments, especially followed by complete resection, but overall survival by any local treatment(surgical resection or RTx) was low. Additional studies should be needed to analysis data for appropriate patient selection, new chemotherapy regimens and the time when should RTx be initiated.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Disease Progression ; Disulfiram ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Patient Selection ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Coronary anomalies are found incidentally, in which anatomy is altered but physiology is normal; that is, coronary blood flow is normal. However, certain anomalies are associated with myocardial ischemia or infarction, heart failure, and sudden death. METHODS: From February 1988 to February 2000, 3534 cases have been catheterized, among them we experienced 28 cases of coronary anomalies. The incidence of coronary anonalies and clinical characteristic were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of coronary anomalies was 0.79% and in 28 cases of coronary anomalies, 5 cases of anomalous origin from the aorta (0.14%), 2 cases of coronary artery aneurysm (0.16%) and 21 cases of coronary arteriovenous fistula (CAVF,0.59%) were found. In 5 cases of anomalous origin from the aorta, 4 cases showed that right coronary artery originated from left coronary sinus of Valsalva, 1 case showed that left circumflex coronary artery originated from right coronary sinus of Valsalva. All of coronary artery aneurysm were found in right coronary artery. In 21 cases of CAVF, 28 sites of fistula were found and 14 sites originated from right coronary artery (50%), 6 sites from left circumflex coronary altery (21.5%), 6 sites from left anterior-descending coronary artery, 2 sites from left main coronary artery (7%). 13 sites of CAVF drained into pulmonary artery (46%), 10 sites into right atrium (36%), 5 sites into right ventricle (18%). In 7 cases which had double CAVF, 4 cases were originated from bilateral coronary artery, 3 cases were originated from single coronary artery. In 10 cases CAVF without other cardiac lesion, 4 cases confirmed ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSION: In our study, CAVF is most common coronary anomaly and without other cardiac disease CAVF may develope ischemic cardiac disease.
Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Catheters ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Angiography* ; Coronary Sinus ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Fistula ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles ; Incidence* ; Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Physiology ; Pulmonary Artery

BACKGROUND: Coronary anomalies are found incidentally, in which anatomy is altered but physiology is normal; that is, coronary blood flow is normal. However, certain anomalies are associated with myocardial ischemia or infarction, heart failure, and sudden death. METHODS: From February 1988 to February 2000, 3534 cases have been catheterized, among them we experienced 28 cases of coronary anomalies. The incidence of coronary anonalies and clinical characteristic were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of coronary anomalies was 0.79% and in 28 cases of coronary anomalies, 5 cases of anomalous origin from the aorta (0.14%), 2 cases of coronary artery aneurysm (0.16%) and 21 cases of coronary arteriovenous fistula (CAVF,0.59%) were found. In 5 cases of anomalous origin from the aorta, 4 cases showed that right coronary artery originated from left coronary sinus of Valsalva, 1 case showed that left circumflex coronary artery originated from right coronary sinus of Valsalva. All of coronary artery aneurysm were found in right coronary artery. In 21 cases of CAVF, 28 sites of fistula were found and 14 sites originated from right coronary artery (50%), 6 sites from left circumflex coronary altery (21.5%), 6 sites from left anterior-descending coronary artery, 2 sites from left main coronary artery (7%). 13 sites of CAVF drained into pulmonary artery (46%), 10 sites into right atrium (36%), 5 sites into right ventricle (18%). In 7 cases which had double CAVF, 4 cases were originated from bilateral coronary artery, 3 cases were originated from single coronary artery. In 10 cases CAVF without other cardiac lesion, 4 cases confirmed ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSION: In our study, CAVF is most common coronary anomaly and without other cardiac disease CAVF may develope ischemic cardiac disease.
Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Catheters ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Angiography* ; Coronary Sinus ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Fistula ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles ; Incidence* ; Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Physiology ; Pulmonary Artery