No abstract available.
Scrub Typhus*

To investigate the properties and mechanism of PAF and TNF on the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 in human amnion, primary monolayer culture method was used for human amnion cell incubation. Amnion cells were incubated with various concentrations of PAF or TNF in Ca++ containing medium for various duration. Then PG E2 concentrations were measured by RIA and analyzed for the effect of PAF and TNF on PG E2 production according to their doses and incubation time. To test the role of Ca++ in E2 production, Ca++ free medium, Ca++ -channel antagonist and cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor were substituted or added in incubation medium. Following results were obtained. The synthesis of PG E2 was significantly enhanced by PAF of 10(-6) mol/L. The TNF also stimulated PG E2 synthesis at concentration of 10(-6)g/ml. The maximal level in PAF(10-6mol/L)-stimulated release of PG E2 was observed after 16 hours in incubation. The TNF(10(-6)g/ml)-induced PG E2 release was maximal after 24 hours of incubation. Combined application of PAF and TNF produced positive effect in PG E2 production. PAF or TNF stimulated-PG E2 production in Ca++ -free media was much lower than that of Ca++ -containing media. The PAF-stimulated PG E2 release was significantly inhibited by Ca++ -channel antagonist but TNF-stimulated PG E2 release was not effected by Ca++ -channel antagonist or cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor. It is strongly suggested us that both PAF and TNF enhance PG E2 release by amnion cell, although Ca++ -channel opening is essential only for PAF stimulation.
Amnion* ; Blood Platelets* ; Dinoprostone* ; Humans* ; Platelet Activating Factor* ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

No abstract available.
Spondylolisthesis*

No abstract available.

To survey the seroprevalence of hepatit!s B virus(HBV) in relation to serologic tests for syphilis(STS), using VDRL and TPHA test, the tests were done in the seri of 1252 institutionalized persons, who lived in Taegu Hope Village for the poor or crippled, and 1831 controls, who had the regular routine physical examination from March to May, 1987. The positive rates nf HBsAg and anti-HBs were 11.7%(146) and 27.0%(338'). compared with 6.25%(ll) and 18.4%(337) in controls, respectively. The prevalence of HBV including HBsAg and anti-HBs was higher in institutionalized persons (38,7+i) than in controls(24.6%)(p<0.0001). The positive rate of STS was higher in institutionalized persons(7.5%) than in controls(2.9%)(p<0.0001). There was a tvend for a higher rate of seropositivity in women than in men of institution- alized persons in the both diseases. The prevalence of HBV among STS-positive cases wa.s 42.6%(40) of instituti- onalized persons and 26.4%(14) of controls, but not, statistically significant, the gre,ater part of them distributing in 4th and 5th decades. The positive rates of I-tBi.Ag in institutionalized persons was 45.5%(5) of STS-positive cases and 25. 9%,'35) of STS-negative cases. No correlation was found between the serologic ma kers of HBV and VDRL titration.
Daegu ; Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Hope ; Humans ; Institutionalization* ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Serologic Tests* ; Syphilis*

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical features and treatment outcome of Langerhans' cell histocytosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From August 1996 to June 2013, 28 patients who histologically proven with LCH were analyzed of medical records, radiography, pathologic character retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 28 cases of LCH including 22 child has been reported. Onset age was 0.6 to 51 years old, occurred in the average age was 14.8 years. Follow-up period was 6 months to 134 months average was 44.6 months. The M:F ratio was 2.5:1. The initial symptoms was pain in 18 cases, 5 cases of pathologic fracture, 3 case of palpable mass, 1 case of discovered by accident in radiography, 1 case of torticollis. In radiological examination osteolysis was seen all cases, 7 cases showed a periosteal reaction, 1 case showed soft tissue extension. Clinical type of all cases were eosinophilic granuloma. 25 cases were classified as unifocal disease and 3 cases were multifocal single systemic diseases. In all cases, incisional biopsy was performed. After histologic confirmed, 14 cases was treated with curettage or surgical excision of the lesion and the other 14 cases were followed up without treatment. There is no death during follow up period. 11 cases has no radiological improvement after 3-6 months observation, intralesional steroid injection was performed. CONCLUSION: Patients with LCH who has rapid systemic onset is very rare, so if you meet the young children who suspected LCH, you shoulder avoid the examination which cause excessive radiation exposure to the young patient. In order to confirm the diagnosis of disease, biopsy is needed. Close observation after confirmed by histological method will bring the satisfactory results. But the patients who had pathologic fracture or wide bone destruction already may need curettage and bone grafting to lesion or internal fixation. The lesion which has no radiological improvement after 3-6 months observation or appear with pain interferes daily life may need local steroid injection as a good treatment.
Age of Onset ; Biopsy ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Osteolysis ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Torticollis ; Treatment Outcome*

Variation in the facial pattern and effect of the rotational jaw growth on the facial proportion were studied in serial cephalometric radiographs of 40 Korean children (35 boys, 15 girls) ranging in age from 6 to 13 years. According to Y-axis (N-S-Gn) growth change during the 7 years of period, the subject who had exhibited "wave-like" manner of Y-axis growth change within +/- 2degrees was classified to the Parallelwise group and the subject who had exhibited Y-axis increase more than +/- 2degrees was classified to the Clockwise rotation group and the subject who had exhibited Y-axis decrease more than -2degrees was classified to the Counterlockwise rotation group. For the comparison of each group, a total of 22 morphologic variables were employed and the data were analyzed by means of computer morphometrics and statistical methods. On the basis of the finding of this study, the following trends were eatablished: 1. The Parallelwise group was 75%, the Clockwise rotation group was 12.5% and the Counterclockwise rotation group was 12.5%. 2. The growth pattern of cranial base was related to the rotation of mandible. 3. Maxillary prognathism was occured in the Counterclockwise rotation group and the rotation of palatal plane was occured in the Clockwise rotation group. 4. Mandibular prognathism was occured in the Parallelwise and the Counterclockwise rotation groups, especially in the Counterclockwise rotation group. 5. The degree of maxillo-mandibular divergency was constant in the Clockwise rotation group but decreased in the Counterclockwise rotation and the Parallelwise groups, especially in the Counterclockwise group. 6. There were no differences in the size of the anterior upper facial height (N-ANS) and the posterior lower facial height ((Go-Me)-PNS) but there were differences in the size of the anterior lower facial height (ANS-Me) and the posterior upper facial height ((S-N)-PNS) between each group. 7. The growth increment and the size of the facial gepth was not relater to the growth pattern of the face but the growth increment and the size of the facial height was related to the growth pattern of the face. 8. Proportional change due to the facial growth rotation was concentrated in the anterior lower face. 9. The most apparent difference between each group was happened in the size of the posterior cranial base (S-Ba) and the facial length (S-Gn).
Child ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mandible ; Prognathism ; Skull Base

Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis is the fracture of both pedicles and is called commonly as hangman' s fracture. The fractures with the anterior displacement more than 3mm and the angulation, more than 11 degrees were classified as unstable and the surgical methods were recommended for the treatment of the fractures. As for the surgical methods, anterior C2-3 fusion with plate fixation or transpedicular screw fixation were used. However, the differences between the clinical results of both methods were not reported in the literatures. In order to clarisy the clinical results of both methods, the authors evaluated the clinical results of 11 patients treated by anterior plate fixation and 7 patients treated by transpedicular fixation who were operated on between Mar. 1987 and,Jan: 1992. Minimum follow-up period was 12 months. 1. As the surgical complications, two cases of transient dysphagia in anterior fixation group and three cases of malinserted screw in transpedicular fixation group were observed. 2. Limitation of rotatory neck motion, less than 20 degrees in one direction was observed in four cases of transpedicular fixation group. 3. Anterior angulation, more than 10 degrees was noted in three cases of transpedicular group. 4. Mild intermittent neck pain was observed in two cases of anterior fixation group and two cases of transpedicular fixation group. Constant neck pain was present in three cases of transpedicular fixation group. 5. Over-all clinical results were excellent or good in all of anterior fixation group, and in four of seven transpedicular group. Although the clinical materials were limited in number, method of anterior plate fixation was recommended by the authors in the management of traumatic spondylolisthesis of axis, because of the easier technique and the better clinical results than the transpedicular screw fixation.
Deglutition Disorders ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Neck ; Neck Pain ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

Transcatheter infusion of absolute ethanol was applied clinically in 3 cases of artificial embolization; 25yrsold female with bilateral renal angiomyolipoma, 19yrs old female with right paralumbar liposarcoma and 25 yrs oldmale with hypernephroma of right kidney. Selective or subselective manual infusion was made and 9 to 22cc of pureethanol was delivered in a speed of 1 to 2cc per second. The sclerosing effect of absolute ethanol was potent.However, all 3 cases revealed mild post-emboliaztion syndrome.
Angiomyolipoma ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Ethanol ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liposarcoma

In recent years the rate of the spine Injury tends to be on the increase year by year as the rate of traffic and industrial accidents are increased. During industrial, sports and automobile accidents are occurred, the various forces were exerted by the mechanism, “flexion, extension, flexlon-rotation, vertlcal compression and shearing.” These exercise their effects on the vertebral bodies, the neural arches and intervertebral disc and the contents of the spinal cord, depending on direction and intensity of the trauma, and the posture and muscular attitude existent at the movement. Once the neurological Iesion has been diagnosised and the type of vertebral injury has been established and particularly after a decision has been made as to whether the spinal injury is stable or unstable, a rational method of treatment can be decised upon: Our treatment consists of providing the best condition for recovery from the spine injury, preventlng further neurologlcal damage in the unstable area, achieving stable bone and llgament heallng ln satisfactory position, preventing metabolic compllcations from being fatal, mobllizing the patient early, and rehabilitating to provide maximum fuctlonal independence with the remaining-muscle power avallablc to the cord injury patient. One hundred and fifty seven spine fracture and dislocation patients were clinically observed and evaluated from Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1978 in our study. The result of this study may be summerized as follows: 1. Out of the patients, there were 135 male and 22 female cases. The ratio between male and female was 6.1:1. The majority (84.7%) of the spine injuries was found in the age of 20 to 50 years. Fifty-two percent of the cases was caused by industrial accidents. 2. The most common site of the lesion occurred between T-11 and L-2 vertebrae (71.8%). 3. In cervical injury, fracture dislocation type was most common (50%), and especially, pure dislocation by extension mechanism was 12.5% but in thoracolumbar iniury, simple anterior wedge compression fracture was most common (66.6%) and there were no pure dislocations just like cervical spine injury cases. 4. Fifty seven cases of the total were complicated by paraplegia, of which 62.5% in cervical region and 31.6% in thoracolumbar region were noticed. The most frequent type of the injury in which paraplegia developed was the fracture dislocation (73.8%) and the most common site of the lesion was between the T-12 and the L-2 vertebrae. 5. Open reduction was performed in 9 cases out of 24 cervical spine injury patients and in 41 cases out of 133 thoracolumbar injury patients. 6. Prognosis of neurologic recovery in initially complete lesion was poor, regardness of treatment. In the cervical lesion cases there were no patients who were recovered. But in the other sites about 10.5% of initially complete lesion showed partial neural recovery comparing to 62.5% of initially incomplete lesions. 7. Progressive deformity is often noted as a complication of spine fracture or dislocation when solid fusion fails to develop. The increment of kyphosis after treatment is as follows: Simple wedge fracture
Accidents, Occupational ; Automobiles ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Kyphosis ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Methods ; Paraplegia ; Posture ; Prognosis ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine ; Sports ; Urinary Bladder