458 female workers working in the small and medium scaled industries in Inchon area were surveyed to study their general characteristics, health behavior, working and environmental conditions, current health status etc. Self-administered questionnaire was developed by authors and distributed to the female workers with the explanation by trained interviewer on the purpose of survey and the method how to answer. The results were as follows: t. General characteristics showed that most(75.3%) of workers were living in their own home, and their age distribution was relatively even from teenagers to the forties. The level of education was high school graduate(including drop-out) in 69.4%, suggesting that the education level of female workers was increasing gradually. The marrital status was 69% in unmarried, and 31% in married state. 2. Survey on their health status showed that more than 20% of female workers complained that they have some kind of disease and most of them complained that they have chronic symptoms more than three kinds. Also, they complained at least two or three symptoms in physical, mental or sensoryneural symptoms respectively. But their medical care utility rate was only 22%. 3. There were no significantly correlated variables between health status and general characteristics(by x2-test). Among the variables on the health behavior, only alcohol drinking was significant to health status. Perceived health status related to the working environment was significantly different to the degree of work satisfaction and awareness for the exposure to harzadous materials. 4. Multivariable analysis showed that work satisfaction, awareness for the exposure to harzadous materials, alcohol drinking, type of employment were significantly related to the physical or mental health index, and also marrital status was to the physical health index. Work satisfaction, awareness for the exposure to harzadous materials, marrital status were related to the sensoryneural health index. Alcohol drinking, work satisfaction, awareness for the exposure to harzadous materials, marrital status were significantly related to the number of complained chronic symptoms. In summary, this study showed that inspite of wide and various range of the general characteristics of female industrial workers in Korea comparing to the past, there was high prevalence of disease due to the poor working conditions and low work satisfaction etc. Therefore, more detailed disease preventive policies or improvement of the work environment, and systematic management to raise the work satisfaction of female workers are urgently needed. And also, occupational health policies increasing the access to health care to provide the adequate health service for the workers who have perceived need are necessary.
Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Alcohol Drinking ; Education ; Employment ; Female* ; Health Behavior ; Health Services ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Incheon ; Job Satisfaction ; Korea ; Mental Health ; Occupational Health ; Prevalence ; Single Person ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor*

PURPOSE: 2003, Advances in medical-surgical technologies, histo-compatibility and immunosuppressive drugs, such as FK-506, MMF, have caused a dramatic increase in the rates of successful organ transplantation (TP). As the waiting list of patients requiring TP grows, there is a subtle donation. What is worse, its increased issues of ethics, for instance, definition of brain death, consent of living donation, paid organ donation, decreased altruism, living will, justice of sharing organ. Therefore, This study was done to develop on legal, ethical and philosophical for whole procedure of organ transplantation which is a life-saving treatment improvement the quality of life. METHODS: A survey questionnaire was used and received responses from TP doctors(59) and nursing coordinators(46) at 53 hospitals where TP were being done for this study. The basic data in TP were collected, 1) to identity the staffs in charge of TP and their jobs in the hospital, 2) committee of hospital ethics (CHE), 3) committee of brain death confirmation definition (CBDCD), 4) to research what consideration are appropriate donors and recipients, 5) the facility of hospital for TP, 6) to analyzed awaiting solution the problems for TP. The data were analyzed using SAS-program by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The jobs of TP nursing coordinators were not only to give nursing information but also to take care of donors and recipients (62.8~84.4%). The job of TP has not been identified between CHE and CBDCD (62.8%). The mean score of CHE's members was 6.33 persons. The mean scores of the problems regarding the law of TP was 2.88 (full score:4). The high items of the problems regarding the law of TP were "the decreased TP, donation and brain death because of KONOS (Korea Network for Orgen Sharing) which operated TP". The mean score of the improvements regarding the law of TP was 2.97 (full score:4). The highest item of the improvements regarding the law of TP was "Compensation of loss should be paid by the KONOS. The procedure of confirm is a loose legal. Therefore that is concern about commercialization of human organ. Definition of brain death is rigid regulation. Sharing organs are a fair dealing. The problems were significantly correlated with the improvements (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The finding of the study suggested that a TP should manage donors and recipients in line with legal, ethical, philosophical, humanistic aspects. Various viewpoints, the CHE should be enacted from the principle of human dignity, conducted by CBDCD of professional members and the nursing coordinators played an important role. It is suggested that TP might meet the request of the time so that KONOS should be changed with the other organization of newly methods and responsibility.
Altruism ; Brain Death ; Ethics ; Ethics, Institutional ; Humans ; Jurisprudence* ; Living Wills ; Nursing ; Organ Transplantation* ; Personhood ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Social Justice ; Tacrolimus ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants* ; Waiting Lists

Risperidone is a potent antipsychotic agent, used in the management of the manifestations of schizophrenia. And it has recently become one of the most popular antipsychotics. We experienced one case of ventricular premature complexes that occurred during the risperidone treatment in a 53-year-old female patient with schizophrenia. Abrupt aggravation of the cardiac arrhythmia and the associated symptoms suggest the possibility that the use of risperidone might have called them. Although other possibilities exist, risperidone cannot be ruled out as the cause of the patient's cardiac adverse effect.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

The 35 patients who have suffered from myositis ossificans were investigated for 11 years. They wereposttraumatic patients, They trauma was divided into 3 groups; spinal cord injury, direct injury(fracture) andmixed type involving both. We evaluated the age distribution, the frequency of myositis ossificans, predilectionsite, bilaterality and relation between predilection site and bilaterality to the type of trauma. The results areas follows; 1. The age distribution was highest in 4th decades(12 among 35 patients). 2. In regard to distributionof 35 patients, spinal cord injury were most common (15 cases, 43%), the fracture nextly common (14, 40%) and thenmixed type (6,17%). 3. Among 51 cases of myositis ossificans, the frequency was highest in spinal cord injury(25cases, 49%), next was fracture(14, 27%). 4. The correlation between predilection site of myositis ossificans andlevel of spinal cord injury, hip is the most frequent site in thoracic injury. 6. The bilaterality of myositisossificans is 39%(20 among 51 lesions).
Age Distribution ; Hip ; Humans ; Myositis Ossificans ; Myositis ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Thoracic Injuries

The ultrasound is easily available and noninvasive diagnostic method without radiation hazard. We can approachto differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors by gray sale ultrasound which can display the detailed structure ofsoft tissue. In department of radiology, Korea Veterans Hospital, 27 cases of histologically confiremd ovariantumors collected from March 1984 to February 1986 were analized. The results were as follows: 1. The agedistribution was from 13 to 72 years. 2. The histologic diagnosis of ovarian tumors(27 cases) are as follows:teratoma(14), mucinous cystadenoma(8), mucinous cystadenocarcinoma(1), serous cystadenoma (2), Krukenburg tumor(1)and malignant thecoma (1). 3. The long diameter of ovarian tumors ranges from 4cm to 28cm. In these, mucinouscystadenoma is the largest and their size are as follows; less than 10cm; 25%, 11–15 cm; 12%, 16–20 cm; 25% andmore than 20cm; 38%. 4. The ultrasonographic findings of teratoma(14) were mainly cystic (8) or echogenic(6).There were echogenic solid components showing distal acoustic shadowing or fat-fluid level within cystic masses.Echogenecity of solid masses was heterogenous. 5. The ultrasonographic findings of mucinous cystadenoma&cystadenocarcinoma(9) were unilocular cystic (3) or multilocular cystic(6). There were variable amount ofechogenic component within cystic masses. 6. Those of serous cystadenoma(2) were unilocular cystic (1) ormultilocular cystic (1). 7. Krukenburg tumor(1) and Malignant thecoma(1) were heterogenously echogenic.
Acoustics ; Commerce ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hospitals, Veterans ; Korea ; Methods ; Mucins ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Thecoma ; Ultrasonography

The purpose of this project is to implement "Homecare Nursing Network System" using wireless network which was able to manage homecare service efficiently. Therefore, by completing the project of "Homecare Nursing Network System", the research team connected the headquarter and the local homecare service offices over the Internet, and built the database and application programs to operate the offices. Homecare nurses are using the PDA(personal digital assistant) in order to provide homecare nursing service, to record the patients' data, and to send and receive the data in real time. It results in improving the quality of the homecare service through the computerized knowledge-based assess and intervention algorithms. The team also has implemented the homepage to introduce the homecare office and to provide the homecare service information. "Homecare Nursing Network System" allows us to manage homecare nursing service under the computerized environment, to keep track of the homecare nursing document efficiently, to improve the quality of homecare nursing, and to expand its business territory.
Commerce ; Internet ; Nursing Services ; Nursing*

The purpose of this study was to develop the framework of community-based home care nursing delivery system, and to demonstrate and evaluate the efficiency of it. The study was carned out over a period of 3years from September 1996 to August 1999. The researchers developed Standards for operations, this was all aimed toward a home care recording system, and an assessment intervention algorithm for various diseases quality control and standardization. In the center, 185 patients enrolled, and of the enrollments cerebrovascular disorder and cancer were the most prevailment diseases. Also, a home care nursing activity classification was developed in six domains. Those domains were assessment, medication, treatment, education and consultation, emotional care, and referral or follow-up care. Ten sub-domains were divided according to the systematic needs. Among these nursing activities, treatment, assessment, and education and consultation were frequently performed. In sub-domain classification, skin integrity, respiration, circulation, and immobility related care were provided most frequently. The cost of home care nursing per visit was also suggested. The cost include direct and indirect nursing care, management, and transportation cost. Also, the researchers tried to overcome the limitations of hospital-based home care to provide more accessible, efficient, safe, and stable home care nursing. Therefore, clients were referred from other patients, families, public health care centers, industries, and even hospitals. As a result of this study, several limitations of operation were found. First, it was difficult to manage and communicate with doctor in the emergency situations. Second, there was too much time spent for transportation. This was because they are only five nurses, who cover all of the areas of Seoul and nearby cities. Third, preparation for special care of home care nurses was lacking. Fourth, criteria for the termination of care and the frequency of home visits were ambiguous. Finally, interconnection with home care machinery company was so yely needed. New paragraphs' strategies for solving these problems were suggested. This study will be the basis of community-based home care nursing, and the computerized information delivery system for home care nursing in Korea.
Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Classification ; Education ; Emergencies ; Home Care Services* ; Home Care Services, Hospital-Based ; House Calls ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Services* ; Nursing* ; Public Health ; Quality Control ; Referral and Consultation ; Respiration ; Seoul ; Skin ; Transportation

Background: We hypothesized that intravenous lidocaine mixed with propofol may have an influence on anesthesia induction and hemodynamic responses to propofol induction and endotracheal intubation as well as propofol-induced pain on injection. Methods: Seventy-five patients were allocated to group L1 (2% lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg, n=25), group L2 (2% lidocaine 2 mg/kg, n=25) or group C (normal saline 0.05 mL/kg, n=25) according to the lidocaine dosage mixed with propofol 2 mg/kg. The pain on injection was scored as none, mild, moderate, and severe. The site of pain and recall of pain were also recorded. Loss of verbal response was observed during induction. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before anesthetic induction (baseline value), immediately before and after endotracheal intubation, and every min until 5 min thereafter. Results: Ninety-two percent of patients reported pain upon injection in group C, whereas 8% of the patients in group L1 and no patient in group L2. Loss of verbal response before injection of total dose of propofol was observed in 44% in group L2, 36% in group L1 and 28% in group C. Lowered MAP caused by propofol increased significantly after endotracheal intubation in all three groups (p<0.05). HR increased immediately and 1 min after endotracheal intubation in all three groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results indicate that intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg mixed with propofol 2 mg/kg significantly reduces the incidence and the degree of pain, but does not affect anesthesia induction and hemodynamic responses to propofol and tracheal intubation.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Lidocaine* ; Propofol*

The main purpose of this study is to examine the concepts appeared on researches and provide the future research directions in field of child health nursing. A descriptive study was conducted. 205 studies were included in an analysis the concepts in terms of the domain of client for a total 321 researches. All were originally published between 1990 and 2000 in Korea. An analysis of concepts for this study was used the metaparadigm framework for nursing proposed by H.S. Kim(2000). The concepts for this study were categorized by essentialistic concepts, problematic concepts, health-care experiential concepts with the following results. 1.Based on the four domains suggested Kim (2000), 205 studies(63.9%) belong to the domain of client ; 109 studies(34%) belong to the practice domain of nursing; 3 studies(0.9%) belong to the client-nurse domain; and 4 studies belong to the domain of environment, respectively. 2.In the domain of client, 117(57.1%) studies used concept of parent. Among them, mother was the prevailing research population(103 studies). 64 studies(31.2%) used child population and the developmental stage of children varied from preterm to puberty but school aged children was the most target population(28 studies). Family as a concept of client was used in 20 studies(9.8%) but most primary care provider was the mother. 3. In terms of research design, non-experimental design(83.5%) is the most and among them survey was 159 studies(77.6%). Qualitative research(23 studies) and experimental research(10 studies) methods were used relatively few. 4.In terms of the categories of concepts, 196 (61.4%) studies included the essentialistic concepts like stress and coping(20.4%), mothering role and child care(7.8%), health (5.6%), breast feeding(4.7%). 31 studies included problematic concepts like power- lessness, safety, obesity, pain, anxiety. And 65 studies included health-care experiential concepts like compliance, growth, hope, environment but relatively few. The findings of this study provide the evidence that research related problematic concept and health-care experiential concept should be conducted actively to improve the practice of child health nursing. Also to deeply understand the phenomena of client in field of child health nursing, interpretive research methods should be conducted actively, too.
Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Breast ; Child ; Child Health* ; Child* ; Compliance ; Hope ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Nursing* ; Obesity ; Parents ; Primary Health Care ; Puberty ; Research Design