No abstract available.
Pre-Eclampsia* ; Toxemia*

No abstract available.
Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy*

Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) with 2.0 Tesla superconductive magnet developed by Korea Advanced Institute ofScience was performed in 25 patients with various abdominal diseases and compared with x-ray CT. MRI was obtainedwith spin echo technique using a variety of pulse sequence and various slice orientation including axial, sgittaland coronal section in order to evaluate the diagnostic value, limitation and to determine the optimal pulsesequency in various abdominal diseases. MRI demonstrated the capability of detecting the lesions shown on CT inall cases and also detected one case of diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma which was not seen on CT. MRI showedcapability of differentiation of various liver mass including hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangnioma and simplecyst. MRI showed better anatomical resolution of tumor in retroperitoneum and pelvis, however CT delineatedalimentary tract disease better than MRI did.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pelvis

No abstract available.
Uterus*

It has been widely accepted that the detachable balloon catheter technique is the treatement of choice in thecarotid-cavernous fistula and in the unclippable giant aneurysm at the cavernous or petrous portion of theinternal carotid artery. The authors successfully treated one case of the carotid-carvernous fistula and one caseof giant aneurys, located in petrous portion of the internal carotid artery using Debrun's latex datachableballoon catheter technique. In thecase with carotid-cavernous fistula, the only fistula was occluded with adetachable balloon, presserving the intrenal carotid artery. In the aneurysm case, both internal carotid arteryand aneurysm itself were completely occluded with 3 latex detachable balloons. Both patients have nocomplications. The authors will describe and discuss the Debrun's latex detachable balloon catheter technique.
Aneurysm ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Catheters ; Fistula ; Humans ; Latex

Legionella pneumophila is an opportunistic pathogen that survives and proliferates within protists such as Acanthamoeba spp. in environment. However, intracellular pathogenic endosymbiosis and its implications within Acanthamoeba spp. remain poorly understood. In this study, RNA sequencing analysis was used to investigate transcriptional changes in A. castellanii in response to L. pneumophila infection. Based on RNA sequencing data, we identified 1,211 upregulated genes and 1,131 downregulated genes in A. castellanii infected with L. pneumophila for 12 hr. After 24 hr, 1,321 upregulated genes and 1,379 downregulated genes were identified. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that L. pneumophila endosymbiosis enhanced hydrolase activity, catalytic activity, and DNA binding while reducing oxidoreductase activity in the molecular function (MF) domain. In particular, multiple genes associated with the GO term ‘integral component of membrane’ were downregulated during endosymbiosis. The endosymbiont also induced differential expression of various methyltransferases and acetyltransferases in A. castellanii. Findings herein are may significantly contribute to understanding endosymbiosis of L. pneumophila within A. castellanii.

Magrjetic resonance (MR) imagings with 0.15 Tesla resistive magnet developed by Korea Advanced Institute of 5cience were performed in 27 patients with various neurologic diseases and compared with X-ray computed tomography (CT). The purpose óf the paper is to evaluate the image quality, the diagnostic value and limitation, and the optimal pulse sequence of MR imagings with a resistive magnet. The MR images were obtained by using a variety of pulse sequence with spin echo technique includïng saturation recovery, T2-weighted spin echo, and/or inversion recovery with various pulse repetition(TR) and echo delay (TE) times. The M R imaging demonstrated the capability of detecting the lesions shown on CT in all cases and also detected an additional finding in one case (multiple sclerosis) which was not seen on CT. The MR imaging appeared to be more useful than CT in the evaluation of syringomyelia of spinal cord and white matter disease, while it failed to demonstrate small calcific lesion or inflammatory nodule (less than 1 cm) shown on CT and has shown somewhat poor contrast resolution in the case of meningioma. The spatial resolution of saturation recovery images was similar or superior to CT, whereas the contrast resolution of saturation recovery was inferior to CT. While the saturation recovery images have shown false negative findings in 5 patients (19%), the inversion recovery and T2-weighted spin echo have shown consistently positive findings. The inversion recovery and T2-weighted spin echo images demonstrated better contrast discrimination between normal and pathologic conditions than the saturation recovery images, but somewhat poorer spatial resolution. Authors suggest that the MR images of both the saturation recovery with 300/30 and T2-weighted spin echo with 1000/90 be used as a routine procedure and additional iversion recovery of 1300/300/30 sequence as a option if white matter disease is suspected.
Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukoencephalopathies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningioma ; Spinal Cord ; Syringomyelia ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Invasive infections by group A streptococci have reemerged as a global public health problem since the middle of the 1980s. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (StrepTSS) is one manifestation of invasive streptococcal infections, and it is characterized by necrotic infection of soft tissue. Myonecrosis can occur in StrepTSS, but the clinical features of this subset of StrepTSS are not clearly defined. A previously healthy 38-year-old woman was hospitalized because of pain and edema of both legs, which had developed one day prior to admission. Six hours after admission, the swelling of the patient's left leg became more severe and areas of well-demarcated violescent discoloration of the skin and hemorrhagic bullae developed. A further ten hours later, she was in shock and exhibited signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure. Gram stain of an aspirate from the bulla revealed short chains of gram-positive cocci. Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated from blood culture and the presence of streptococcal exotoxins (speA gene) and M-protein type 3 were confirmed using the polymerase chain reaction. Muscle biopsy showed extensive myonecrosis and hemorrhage without infiltration of leukocytes. Despite intensive treatment with antibiotics (including clindamycin), debridement, and intravenous gamma globulin, the patient died four days after admission to the hospital.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy ; Debridement ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Edema ; Exotoxins ; Female ; gamma-Globulins ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Leg ; Leukocytes ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Public Health ; Shock ; Shock, Septic* ; Skin ; Streptococcal Infections ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus pyogenes

OBJECTIVES: Tourette's Disorder (TD) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics with onset in childhood. The aim of this study was to ascertain the increased cortical information transmission in frontal area during tic suppression in drug naive boys with TD using new nonlinear analysis of EEGs, be called Transfer Entropy (TE) which can detect the directed exchange of information between two systems. METHODS: Subjects were 11 drug naive boys with DSM-IV diagnosis of TD and 10 control boys. Clinical assessments were performed, and EEGs were recorded from 19 scalp loci of the international 10-20 systems. TE was estimated by EEG timeseries data after noise reduction. TE difference between TD and control during resting state and between tic suppression and resting state in TD were investigated. RESULTS: Elevated TE was found in extensive channels, including frontal, central and temporal channels (F7, Fz, F8,Cz, C3, P3, T3, and T4) in resting state of Tourette's disorder compared to normal controls. During tic suppression elevated TE was found in more extensive and asymmetrical channels especially prefrontal area (Fp1, Fp2, F3, Fz, F7, F8, Cz, C4, C5, T3, and T4). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that pathogenesis of Tourette's disorder involve impaired cortical neuronal modulation in subcortical neural circuits. EEG analysis of TE may be a useful tool to investigation of cortical mechanism of psychiatric illness.
Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Electroencephalography ; Entropy ; Neurons ; Noise ; Scalp ; Tics* ; Tourette Syndrome*

Since the blastocyst is broken and spreads out on a flat plastic culture dish (two dimensional culture) during in vitro development, it has been difficult to study the implantation process. It also has been difficult to analyse the interactions between endometrial epithelial and stromal cells because of the lack of a long-term in vitro model which can stimulate in vivo characteristics, as these cells eventually fail to proliferate or cease to express differentiated functions. Recently nontransformed cell lines, CUE-P and CUS-V2, derived from rat endometrial epithelium and stroma were reported. In this study, morphology of CUE-P and CUS-V2 was examined and oxytocin gene expression by CUE-P cells was demonstrated by RT-PCR. The CUE-P cells have a cuboidal morphology and CUS-V2 cells resemble fibroblast and exhibit a spindle-like morphology. In RT-PCR, same size of PCR products of oxytocin gene at hypothalamus, uterus and CUE-P cells were demonstrated. These results showed three dimensional culture system could be made by using the new cell lines.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Cell Line* ; Epithelium* ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Expression ; Hypothalamus ; Oxytocin ; Plastics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rats* ; Stromal Cells ; Uterus