No abstract available.
Jeollabuk-do* ; Pregnancy* ; Toxoplasma*

No abstract available.
Hand* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of chin tuck maneuver on aspiration and pharyngeal residue using both videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). METHOD: Subjects with dysphagia were trained by occupational therapists for chin tuck maneuver at least for a week. After training, all participants underwent VFSS and FEES simultaneously with each neutral and chin tuck posture with various tests diets. The modified penetration-aspiration scale (mPAS) and a new scale for pharyngeal residue were used for evaluation of aspiration and pharyngeal residue. RESULT: A total of 35 patients (mean age, 64.2±12.1 years) were included. A significant change in the mPAS was caused by chin tuck posture in thin liquid (P=0.02) only in the VFSS evaluation. The vallecular residues were decreased by chin tuck posture in rice porridge (right, P=0.01; left, P=0.009), and thin liquid (right, P=0.007; left, P=0.01). The pyriform sinus residues were also decreased by chin tuck posture in rice porridge (right: P=0.02; left: P=0.03), curd-type yogurt (right, P=0.02; left, P=0.005), and thin liquid (right, P=0.001; left, P=0.003). CONCLUSION: Chin tuck maneuver is effective in preventing penetration or aspiration and in decreasing pharyngeal residues when evaluated by simultaneous VFSS and FEES.
Chin* ; Deglutition Disorders ; Deglutition* ; Diet ; Endoscopy ; Fees and Charges ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Methods ; Posture ; Pyriform Sinus ; Yogurt

We report a case of a 53-year-old male with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). He could not maintain a standing position because of painful spasticity in his lower limbs. A magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography indicated chronic lumbosacral radiculopathy, explaining his chronic low back pain before the injury. For diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes, transforaminal epidural steroid injection (ESI) to the right L5 root was performed. After the intervention, the spasticity decreased and his ambulatory function improved. This case illustrates that lumbar radiculopathy concomitant with a cervical SCI can produce severe spasticity and it can be dramatically improved by ESI.
Electromyography ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Spasticity* ; Radiculopathy ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

Although congenital syphilis can be prevented with prenatal screening, the disease remains problematic. Currently, there are no cases that describe hematuria and pneumonia related to congenital syphilis. We report a case of congenital syphilis that involved nephrotic syndrome and pneumonia alba in a 22-day-old male infant whose mother did not receive adequate prenatal care. The congenital syphilis diagnosis was confirmed with a serologic test and the patient recovered with penicillin treatment. Clinical findings may be subtle in neonates and delayed recognition occurs frequently, thus complete prenatal screening is critical for congenital syphilis prevention. Immediate serologic testing should be performed to obtain a differential diagnosis if an infant is delivered by a mother that has not received appropriate prenatal examinations.
Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exanthema* ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mothers ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Penicillins ; Pneumonia* ; Prenatal Care ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis, Congenital*

OBJECTIVE: Human embryonic stem (ES) cells have a great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The human ES cells could be differentiated into specific cell types by treatments of growth factors and alterations of gene expressions. However, the efficacy of guided differentiation and isolation of specific cells are still low. In this study, we characterized isolated cells from differentiated human ES cells by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) system using specific antibodies to cell surface markers. METHODS: The undifferentiated hES cells (Miz-hESC4) were sub-cultured by mechanical isolation of colonies and embryoid bodies were spontaneously differentiated with DMEM containing 10% FBS for 2 weeks. The differentiated cells were isolated to positive and negative cells with MACS system using CD34, human epithelial antigen (HEA) and human fibroblast (HFB) antibodies, respectively. Observation of morphological changes and analysis of marker genes expression were performed during further culture of MACS isolated cells for 4 weeks. RESULTS: Morphology of the CD34 positive cells was firstly round, and then it was changed to small polygonal shape after further culture. The HEA positive cells showed large polygonal, and the HFB positive spindle shape. In RT-PCR analysis of marker genes, the CD34 and HFB positive cells expressed endodermal and mesodermal genes, and HEA positive cells expressed ectodermal genes such as NESTIN and NF68KD. The marker genes expression pattern of CD34 positive cells changed during the extension of culture time. CONCLUSION: Our results showed the possibility of successful isolation of specific cells by MACS system from undirected differentiated human ES cells. Thus, MACS system and marker antibodies for specific cell types might be useful for guided differentiation and isolation of specific cells from human ES cells.
Antibodies ; Ectoderm ; Embryoid Bodies ; Endoderm ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Expression ; Humans* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mesoderm ; Nestin ; Regenerative Medicine ; Tissue Engineering

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate the Korean version of the TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) questionnaire for children aged 18-60 months. METHODS: The participants were 223 mothers of healthy children from nurseries and kindergartens, and 54 mothers of hospitalized children from a university children's hospital in Korea. Data were collected in 2011. Principal component factor analysis and known-groups method were used to confirm construct validity, and internal consistency was used to determine reliability. RESULTS: According to the factor analysis, 11 factors with an eigenvalue over 1 were extracted, and these factors explained 73.5% of the variance. All dimensions except two had Cronbach's alpha coefficients greater than .7. The mean TAPQOL scores of the hospitalized group were significantly lower than those of the healthy group (p=.001) for all four functions (physical, emotional, social, and cognitive). CONCLUSIONS: The TAPQOL showed acceptable validity and reliability, and can be used to measure children's health-related quality of life in Korea, and can be considered for use in other Asian countries.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child* ; Child, Hospitalized ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Nurseries ; Quality of Life* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Translations ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Epidural*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Somatoform Disorders*

In this study the effect of insulin and aminoguanidine on the expression of iNOS and the development of insulitis in the multiple low dose streptozotocin (SZ) induced diabetic (LDSD) mice was evaluated. Eighty mice (Charles-River CD-1 mice) were divided into four groups. Group I received SZ for five days. Group II received SZ for five days and was followed by insulin treatment. Group III received SZ for five days and was followed by aminoguanidine treatment. Group IV was normal control group. The blood glucose level and body weight were measured weekly. On the 35th day, pancreat ic sections were observed to evaluate the frequency and the severity of insulitis in addition to the immunohistochemical expression of iNOS in the pancreatic islets. Blood glucose levels of group IV were significantly lower than other experimental groups on the 21st, 28th, and 35th day. The difference in blood glucose levels was not statistically significant. Incidence of the insulitis was lower in group II than in groups I and III. The severity of insulitis correlated with the increase in blood glucose level only in group II. The expression of iNOS was more pronounced in group I than in groups II and III. Aminoguanidine did not inhibit development of the insulitis but decreased expression of iNOS in the pancreatic islets. Therefore it is speculated that iNOS production is one of the factors and other pathogenetic mechanisms might be involved in the development of insulitis.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Body Weight ; Incidence ; Insulin* ; Islets of Langerhans ; Mice* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II* ; Streptozocin