No abstract available.
DNA* ; Kidney* ; Plasmids*

Background: If phototoxic:ity can be predetermined in vitro, the information will aid in prognosticating whether or not caimpounds have a photosensitizing pczrlial. OBJECTIVE: For the evaluation of the phototoxic potentials of reral drugs, we performed the Candida albicans test and the photohemolysis test. METHODS: The Candida altiicans test is based on growth inhibtion of Candida albicans after application of the drug and ultraviolet light A( UVA ) irradiatior and the photohemolysis test is based on hemolysis of red blood cells caused by irradiation ir the presence of photosensitizing compounds. In the Candida albicans test, clear zones around the drug patches were evaluated, which means positive results for the phototoxic potential of the drugs. In the photohemolysis test, the amounts of hemolysis were evaluated by measuring the relar absorbance at 540nm using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS: In the Candida albicans test, ibuprofen, naldix acid, chlorpromazine and thiodiphenylamine showed positive results, whereas others did not the photohemolysis test, griseofulvin, ibuprofen and nalicdixic acid showed increased amounts hemolysis at UVA and ultraviolet light B(UVB) irracliation, and chlorpromazine, thiodiphenylaiair, chlorothiazide and piroxicam showed increased amounts of hemolysis at UVA irradiation only. CONCLUSION: The results showed that both methods were goodness screening tests for demonstrating the phototoxicity of therapeutic drugs.
Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Chlorothiazide ; Chlorpromazine ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic* ; Erythrocytes ; Griseofulvin ; Hemolysis ; Ibuprofen ; Mass Screening ; Piroxicam ; Ultraviolet Rays

A 21-year-old male suffered from generalized anhidrosis and heat intolerance for about 15 years. Other clinical features included multiple angiokeratoma on the back, scrotum and extremities, together with ocular involvement. The electronmicroscopic studies of the skin demonstrated laminated intracytoplamic inclusions in the endothelial cells, pericytes of dermal vessels, fibroblasts and eccrine glandular cells. a Galactosidase assay of leukocytes from the patient and his uncle showed nearly absence of the activity,
Angiokeratoma ; Endothelial Cells ; Extremities ; Fibroblasts ; Galactosidases ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hypohidrosis* ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Pericytes ; Scrotum ; Skin ; Young Adult

The present study was carried out to find a simple and safe in. vitro test for phtotoxic drugs. Authors selected two strains of Salmonella typhimurium(TA98 and TA102) which have been used in Ames test for the detsction of mutagenecity af various chemical substances. Both strains are genuine products of genetic enzineering. The etrain TA98 should be highly vulnerable to ultraviolet radition because it lacks normal I)NA excision repair gene. The strain TA102 was chosen as control since it maintained the DNA repair gene. These strains were subjected to increasing dosea of UVA with or without pretreatment of 8 methoxypsoralsn(8-MOP) which is a prototype of photatoxic druge. The authors made use of a perforated stain-less steel template which provided a simple and eosy monitoring of ultraviolet irradiation effects i.e. clear zones due to inhibition of the atrains could be determined. By using this methad, the authors acquired the following results .' I. 8-MOP alone exerted no inhibition on both strains at concentration upto 100mg /ml. 2. UVA irradiation alone showed no growth inhibition at dose upto 5J/cm. 3. UVA irradiation after pretreatment with 8 MOP resulted varying growth inhibition in proportion to irradiation doses. 4. Authors found a suitable concentration of 8-MOP for this test is 10pg/ml. With this ccncentrstion, minimal phatatoxic dose of UVA were O.l J/cm for the strain TA98 and 1.0J/cm for the strain TA102 respectively.
Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; DNA Repair ; Methoxsalen ; Salmonella ; Steel

This study was done for the evaluation of correlation among skin test reactivity, total serum IgE and RAST level in 202 atopic disease patients, who weie composed of 165 patients with allergic rhinitis, 22 patients with bronchial asthma, 11 patients with urticaria and 4 patients with atopic dermetitis. The results were as follows: 1. The sex ratio of male to female of 202 pat,ients with atopic disease was 1.3:1(114:88) and patients with age grciup of 2nd and 3rd decades occupied 64.9%. 2. The positive reactivity of the skin scratch test in general was 62.9%. The positive ratio was highest in 2nd and 3rd decades, 76.5% and 63.8% respectirely. The positive ratio was decreased as the age of patients increased. 3. The individual allergens which showed higher positive reaction in skin scratch test were D. farinae, house dust, cat hair, cockroach and Trichophyton ii descending order. In group allergens, the house dust groups consisted 45.5% of positiv. reaction of total number of the positive allergens. The positive ratio of aeroallergen was 84.5% whereas that of foods was only 11.5%. 4. The positive ratio of house dust group was 45.0% of total patients. 5. 41.1% of patients showed positive reactivity to two or more allegens while 21.8% was positive to single allergen. The most frequent combinations were 2 to 4 allergens(95.2%). 6. The mean of total serum IgE level in 63 patients who were poitiie skin scratch test was 470.5 IU/ml. 81.0% of these patients showed high serum IgE level. 7. As the positive reactivity of skin scratch test was increased, the mean level of total serum IgE was elevated(r=0.919). 8. A highly significant correlation was existed between the mear size of D. farinae scratch test reactions and the level of specific IgE to D. farinae(r=0.977).
Allergens ; Animals ; Asthma ; Cats ; Cockroaches ; Dust ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Male ; Rhinitis ; Sex Ratio ; Skin Tests ; Skin* ; Trichophyton ; Urticaria

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study was designed to identify anger-expression typesof adolescent women and investigate the relation between the identified anger-expression types and their problem behaviors and health status. METHOD: One hundred ninety nine high school freshmen were recruited from September to November, 2003. Data wasanalyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, chi-square-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparison test. RESULT: Three anger-expression types in adolescent women were found; Anger-out/in, Anger-control/in, and Anger- control type. Adolescent women with frequently using the anger-out/in type and with higher state anger reported more delinquent behaviors, more health risk behaviors, and higher psychosomatic symptoms. However, adolescent women with lower state anger and frequently using the anger-control type reported more depression scores. CONCLUSION: There is a need to further clarify the relationship between anger-expression typesand depression in adolescent women. The findings suggest the necessity of a development of the program for lowering the anger level and controlling the unfavorable anger expression types such as the anger-out in.
Adolescent ; *Adolescent Behavior ; *Anger ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; *Expressed Emotion ; Female ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Risk-Taking

Early treatment to facilitate the muscular blood flow can avert myonephropathic metabolic syndrome (MNMS) and major amputation for patients suffering with acute limb ischemia. Delayed reperfusion or microemboli in the small vessels can aggreviate: ischemic changes and lead to irreversible muscle necrosis. Amnion is an excellent biological dressing, and we tried using it to treat anterior compartment muscle necrosis (ACMN). The amnions were aseptically collected from caesarean sections. Additional betadine (1 : 3 solution) and vaseline-soaked gauzes were applied over the amnion as a daily biologic wet dressing. The amnion was replaced every three days. Finally, split skin grafting was performed on the healthy granulation tissue. We treated two patients who happened to have shin muscle necrosis. A 65-year-old man with a femoro-femoral arterial bypass showed graft thrombosis. Thirteen days after performing balloon angioplasty with stent insertion in the right femoral artery, new emboli were found in the stent and in the left popliteal artery. There was an attack of myocardial infarction the next day after embolectomy. The severe MNMS and ACMN at the right shin occurred after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The dry gangrene was excised 3 months later, and this was followed by a skin graft 4 months later. An 81-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation showed left common femoral arterial obstruction and ACMN on the left shin during the management of congestive heart failure. The dry gangrene was excised 2 months later, and this was followed by a skin graft 3 months later. The amnion dressing shows promises for providing healthy granulation tissue for split skin grafts when treating muscle necrosis of the leg. Biologic dressing with using amnion is an option for limb salvage in the case of muscle necrosis that is caused by acute limb ischemia, although the treatment takes a long time.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amnion* ; Amputation ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Bandages* ; Biological Dressings ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cesarean Section ; Embolectomy ; Extremities* ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; Gangrene ; Granulation Tissue ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Ischemia* ; Leg ; Limb Salvage ; Lower Extremity* ; Myocardial Infarction ; Necrosis* ; Popliteal Artery ; Povidone-Iodine ; Pregnancy ; Reperfusion ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of manganese on lipid peroxidation and compositional changes of fatty acids in hippocampus of rat brain. METHODS: Seven rats in experimental group were given with MnCl2 intraperitoneally for 4 weeks (4 mg/kg once daily, 5 days per week). Twenty four hours after the last injection, rats were decapitated and, hippocampus were separated from the rat brain. RESULT: In Mn-treated group, manganese concentrations increased significantly in the hippocampus by 222% compared with control group (P<0.01). MDA concentrations increased significantly by 149% compared with control group (P<0.05). Among fatty acids, total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) increased significantly by 237% compared with control group (P<0.05). Linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acids (AA) increased by 213%, 238% (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). Among n-3 PUFAs except linolenic acids, eicosapentanoic acid(EPA) and docosahexanoic acids (DHA) decreased significantly by 70%, 50% respectively compared with control group (both P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that manganese may cause compositional changes of fatty acids in hippocampus of rat brain. Characteristics of fatty acids compositional changes by manganese were the decrease of EPAs and DHAs (n-3 PUFAs), and increase of AA and LA (n-6 PUFAs). These changes with the increase of MDA, suggest that manganese neurotoxicity is caused by lipid peroxidation.
alpha-Linolenic Acid ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acid ; Arachidonic Acids ; Brain* ; Fatty Acids* ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Hippocampus* ; Linoleic Acid ; Linolenic Acids ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Malondialdehyde ; Manganese* ; Rats*

Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome is a genetic disease and divided into three differen types. Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I is characterixed by alopecia, a bulbous pear-shaped nose and cone-shaped epiphyses in the hand. Diverse clinical manifestations can be observed such as short stature, mandibular abnormality, winged scapula, etc. It is inherited in an autosomal manner, and may cause grave joint abnormalities which should be corrected early in life. We describe a 23-year-old woman with diverse clinical manifestations of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I, including prognathism and a winged scapula, two features which have not been previously described in the Korean literature.
Alopecia ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Nose ; Prognathism ; Scapula ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Allelic loss on chromosome 18q is a hallmark of presence of a tummor represser gene. Recently, DPC4 (deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4), a candidate tumor suppressor gene, has been localized at 18q21. Inactivation of DPC4 gene was reported in pancreatic carcinomas, coloretal carcinomas, and prostatic carcinomas. The aim of the present study was to determine if it might be altered in stomach cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We tested for DPC4 gene mutations and allelic status at 18q21 using a modified 'cold SSCP' method in 48 primary gastric carcinoma and correlated the findings with various clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients. RESULTS: The frequency of mutations in primary gastric cancer was 27.1% (13/48). Mutations of exon 1, 8, 10 were found in 2 (4.1%), 4 (8.2%) and 7 cases (14.6%), respectively. DNA sequencing of 13 cases with DPC4 mutations identified six cases (46.1%) with substitution, four cases with deletion (30.7%), and two cases (23.1%) with insertion. No significant difference was observed in the frequency of DPC4 mutations in terms of other various clinicopathologic characteristics. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that DPC4 mutations may play a significant role in the establishment and progression of the primary gastric cancer.
Exons ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans* ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*