The purposes of this study are to define the scope of occupational health management and to classify occupational management by review of related journals from 1945 to 1994 in Korea. The steps of this study were as follows: (l)Search of secondary reference; (2) Collection and review of primary reference; (3) Survey; and (4) Analysis and discussion. The results were as follows; 1. Most of the respondents majored in occupational health(71.6%), and were working in university (68.3%), males and over the age 40. Seventy percent of the respondents agreed with the idea that classification of occupational health management is necessary, and 10% disagreed. 2. After integration of the idea of respondents, we reclassified the scope of occupational health management. It was defined 3parts, that is, occupational health system, occupational health service and others (such as assessment, epidemiology, cost-effectiveness analysis and so on). 3. The number of journals on occupational health management was 510. It was slightly increased from 1986 and abruptly increased after 1991. The kinds of journals related to occupational health management were The Korean Journal of occupational Medicine(18.2%), several kinds of Medical College Journal(17.0%), The Korean Journal occupational Health(15.l%), The Korean Journal of preventive Medicine(15.l%) and others(34.6%). As for the contents, the number of journals on occupational health management systems was 33(6.5%) and occupational health services 477(93.5%). Of the journals on occupational health management systems, the number of journals on the occupational health resource system was 15(45.5%), occupational finance system 8(24.2%), occupational health management system 6(l8.2%), occupational organization 3(9.1%) and occupational health delivery system l(3.0%). of the journals on occupational health services, the number of journals on disease management was 269(57.2%), health management 116(24.7%), working environmental management 85(18.1%). As for the subjects, the number of journals on general workers was l85(71.l%), followed by women worker, white color workers and so on. 4. Respondents made occupational health service(such as health management, working environmental management and health education) the first priority of occupational health management. Tied for the second are quality analysis(such as education, training and job contents of occupational health manager) and occupational health systems(such as the recommendation of systems of occupational and general disease and occupational health organization). 5. Thirty seven respondents suggested 48 ideas about the future research of occupational health management. The results were as follows: (l) study of occupational health service 40.5%; (2) Study of organization system 27.1%; (3) Study of occupational health system (e.g. information network) 8.3%; (4) Study of working condition 6.2%; and (5) Study of occupational health service analysis 4.2%.
Classification* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Disease Management ; Education ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Occupational Health Services ; Occupational Health*

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy

This report concerns a rare malignant smooth muscle neoplasm of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue, which was examined immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. It occured in a 48-year-old female patient who had suffered from painful nodules on the left shoulder. The nodules were removed and diagnosed as a benign fibrohistiocytic tumor. One year after local excision, multiple nodules were detected by physical examination at the previous operation site. Grossly, thirteen well-defined small nodules had spread in the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue, of which nine were located from lower dermis to the subcutaneous tissue and four were in the subcutaneous tissue. Histologically, each nodule consisted mainly of epithelioid tumor cells having eosinophilic or clear plump cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei with small nucleoli, and some peripheral spindle tumor cells. The tumor cells were negative for PAS reaction with and without diastase digestion or alcian blue. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells showed actin filaments and dense bodies in cytoplasm. This case was diagnosed as an epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue with local metastasis one year after local excision.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Actins ; Alcian Blue ; Amylases ; Cytoplasm ; Dermis ; Digestion ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction ; Physical Examination ; Shoulder ; Skin* ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Vimentin

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Ectopia Cordis*

In treatment of infected ununited fractures of the tibia, We have solved this disastrous problems by posterior bone graft through posterolateral approach. By this posterior bone graft, We can achieve both bone union and infection contral simultaneously. The results were as follows: 1. Total cases of the infected ununited fractures were 17 cases, among them 16 cases were open fracture initially. 2. They occured more commonly in young adult, 7 cases(41%) were in 4th decade, and all cases were male. 3. Tibial union was achieved in 16 cases and one patient can not walk without brace due to ain on fracture site. 4. Infection was cleared in 16 cases, but one case had intermittent drainage of pus. 5. The most common complication was stiffness of the ankle and tarsal joint. 6. There was no infection in grafted bone.
Ankle ; Braces ; Drainage ; Fractures, Open ; Fractures, Ununited ; Humans ; Male ; Suppuration ; Tarsal Joints ; Tibia ; Transplants ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVES: Recently, recombinant FSH (rFSH) has been manufactured using a Chinese hamster ovary cell line transfected with the gene encoding human FSH. Both rFSH and urinary gonadotropin (uFSH) could be used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). However, uFSH implies a number of disadvantages, such as batch-to-batch inconsistency, no absolute source control, dependence on large amounts of urine, low specific activity, and low purity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rFSH in human IVF-ET program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 508 infertile women was enrolled in this study. They are classified into rFSH group (n=177) or uFSH group (n=331), and all of them were matched by age and cause of infertility in same period. The Puregon(R) (Organon, Holland) was used as rFSH, and the Metrodin-HP(R) (Serono, Switzeland) and Humegon(R) (Organon, Holland) was used as uFSH. We subdivided the patients into three age groups. The outcomes of IVF-ET program were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). RESULTS: There was no significant differences in the level of estradiol on hCG injection day, the numbers of retrieved oocytes, matured oocytes, fertilized oocytes, transferred embryos, frozen embryos between the two groups. The total dose (IU) of gonadotropin for COH was significantly lower in the rFSH group compared to uFSH group (1339+/-5491.1 vs 2527.8+/-1075.2 IU, p<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer in the rFSH group showed increasing tendency, compared to the uFSH group, but there was no statistical significance (35.2% vs 29.3%). Our results demonstrated that the relative efficiency of rFSH compared with uFSH is higher in older patients. CONCLUSIONS: The ovarian stimulatory effect and clinical outcome of recombinant FSH was similar to that of the urinary gonadotropin. The IVF-ET cycles with significantly lower dose of gonadotropin in rFSH group showed comparable results. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant FSH is more potent and effective than urinary gonadotropin.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human* ; Gonadotropins ; Humans* ; Infertility ; Oocytes ; Ovary ; Pregnancy Rate ; Social Sciences

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between injury severity and patterns of associated injury in spinal fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2004 to March 2010, a retrospective study was conducted on 291 patients who had undergone surgeries due to spinal fractures. Spinal fractures were categorized as upper cervical, lower cervical, thoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbar region, and the severity of fracture was measured using the Abbreviated Injury Scale and Injury Severity Score (ISS). We evaluated the correlation between the fracture site and the incidence and injury severity of the associated injury, and compared the neurologic damage according to the presence/absence of the associated injury. RESULTS: Spinal fracture occurred in the thoracic (43.5%) and lower cervical (30.0%) levels, and associated injury developed in 134 patients (47%). The area of associated injury was in the extremity (41.2%), thorax (25.5%), head, neck, and face (21.9%). Lower cervical fracture (34.5%) had a lower prevalence than thoracic (81%) and lumbar fracture (61%). The average ISS of the associated injury was 17.14 for the thoracic fracture, 12.30 for the lower cervical fracture, 8.7 for the thoracolumbar fracture and 5.69 for the lumbar fracture. Neurologic damage was highly frequent in the lower cervical fracture and included 54 patients (62.1%) and was less frequent in the upper cervical fracture, which included 7 patients (17.9%) (p=0.032). CONCLUSION: Although the associated injury was less frequent in the lower cervical spine among the spinal fractures that underwent surgical treatment, there was a high risk of neurologic damage in the case of associated injury; therefore, there is a need to pay special attention to patients that suffer damage in this area. In addition, since the degree of the associated injury in the thoracic and lower cervical fracture is significant, an appropriate management strategy for the associated injury must be considered.
Abbreviated Injury Scale ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injury Severity Score ; Lumbosacral Region ; Multiple Trauma ; Neck ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; Spine ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Zinc*