No abstract available.
Genetic Therapy*

The authors have experienced a case of incompatible blocd transfusion during general anesthesia, which was mostly due to technical error, lack of knowledgeoble handling and universal doncr "0" type blood.
Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Transfusion*

PURPOSE: Thallous-201 chloride produced at Korea Cancer Center Hospital(KCCH) is used in detecting cardiovascular disease and cancer. Thallium impurity can cause emesis, catharsis and nausea, so the presence of thallium and other metal impurities should be determined. According to USP and KP, their amounts must be less than 2 ppm in thallium and 5 ppm in total. In this study, the detection method of trace amounts of metal impurities in [201Tl]TlCl injection with polarography was optimized without environmental contamination. MATERALS AND METHODS: For the detection of metal impurities, Osteryoung Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry method was used in Bio-Analytical System (BAS) 50W polarograph. The voltammetry was composed of Dropping Mercury Electrode (DME) as a working electrode, Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode and Pt wire as a counter electrode. Square wave stripping method, which makes use of formation and deformation of amalgam, was adopted to determine the metal impurities, and pH 7 phosphate buffer was used as supporting electrolyte. RESULTS: T1, Cu and Pb in thallous-201 chloride solution were detected by scanning from 300 mV to -800 mV. Calibration curves were made by using TlNO3, CuSO4 and Pb(NO3)2 as standard solutions. Tl was confirmed at -450 mV peak potential and Cu at -50 mV. Less than 2 ppm of Tl and Cu was detected and Pb was not detected in KCCH-produced thallous-201 chloride injection. CONCLUSION: Detection limit of thallium and copper is approximately 50 ppb with this method. As a result of this experiment, thallium and other metal impurities in thallous-201 chloride injection, produced at Korea Cancer Center Hospital, are in the regulation of USP and KP. Polarograph could be applied for the determination of metal impurities in the quality control of radiopharmaceuticals conveniently without environmental contamination.
Calibration ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Catharsis ; Copper ; Electrodes ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Korea ; Limit of Detection ; Metals, Heavy* ; Nausea ; Polarography* ; Quality Control ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Thallium ; Vomiting

The authors have experience of a case of prolonged paresis following administration of galamine triethiodide to a patient undergoing reoperation. The muscular weakness continued for 20 hours, necessitating artificial ventilation intermittently. It was reversed by neostigmine.
Humans ; Muscle Weakness ; Neostigmine ; Paresis* ; Reoperation* ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Humans*

Most cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) infection in Korea (outbreak: May 11-July 4, 2015) occurred in hospital settings, with uncertain transmission modes in some cases. We performed an in-depth investigation epidemiological survey on the 178th case to determine the precise mode of transmission. A 29-year-old man living in Pyeongtaek presented on June 16 with a febrile sensation, chills, and myalgia. Upon confirmatory diagnosis on June 23, he was treated in an isolation room and discharged on July 2 after cure. An epidemiological investigation of all possible infection routes indicated two likely modes of transmission: exposure to MERS in Pyeongtaek St. Mary's Hospital during a visit to his hospitalized father (May 18-29), and infection through frequent contact with his father between the latter's referral to Pyeongtaek Good Samaritan Bagae Hospital for treatment without confirmatory diagnosis until his death (May 29-June 6). Although lack of clear proof or evidence to the contrary does not allow a definitive conclusion, all other possibilities could be excluded by epidemiological inferences. While it is impossible to trace back the modes of transmission of all cases in a large-scale outbreak, case-by-case tracking and isolation of infected individuals and those in close contact with them is important in preventing the spread. Efforts should be made to establish a methodology for rapid tracking of all possible contacts and elimination-based identification of the precise modes of transmission.
Adult ; Chills ; Diagnosis ; Fathers ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Middle East ; Myalgia ; Referral and Consultation ; Sensation

Nonpalpable breast abnormalities which require excision and biopsy usually require marker localization. Many of these abnormalities are visible on ultrasound and this imaging technique can be used to guide fine needle aspiration and the placement of a wire marker prior to surgical excision. A non-invasive technique which does not require placement of a wire marker would offer significant advantages, being more pleasant for the patient and less demanding on resources. We attempted to localize 36 nonpalpable breast masses with non-invasive ultrasound marker technique at the department of general surgery, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, between January 1994 and February 1995. Cases clearly visible on ultrasound, whether on mammography(15 patients) or not(17 patients), underwent non-invasive ultrasound localization. In all cases the abnormality was easily identified and removed during surgery. The surgical biopsies contained fibroadenoma(19 cases), fibrocystic disease(12 cases), epithelial hyperplasia(1 case), intraductal papilloma(1 case), parasitic disease(1 case) and infiltrating ductal carcinoma(2 cases). The average age was 43 years old.. This non-invasive technique is a simple and accurate method for localizing small ultrasonically visible nonpalpable breast abnormalities, especially in younger female patient with dense breast, though further trials and studies will be attempted.
Adult ; Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Ultrasonography*

Dumping syndrome is a known complication of gastric surgery in adults, but a very rare disease in the pediatric population. We report on a case of dumping syndrome in a 19-month-old child, who underwent gastrojejunal feeding tube insertion for the treatment and prevention of gastroesophageal reflux and frequent aspiration pneumonia. At 17 months of age, 2 months after the beginning of gastrojejunal tube feeding, postprandial diaphoresis, palpitation, lethargy, bloating, and diarrhea occurred, and a single episode of convulsion with hypoglycemia were noted. Early and late dumping syndrome was confirmed by an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test with early onset hyperglycemia followed by delayed onset hypoglycemia. Diet therapy including uncooked corn starch then improved the postprandial diaphoresis, abnormal glucose levels, and her nutritional status. We conclude that dumping syndrome may be considered as a complication of gastrojejunal tube feeding in a child.
Adult ; Child* ; Diarrhea ; Diet Therapy ; Dumping Syndrome* ; Enteral Nutrition* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Infant ; Lethargy ; Nutritional Status ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; Rare Diseases ; Seizures ; Starch ; Zea mays

Lymphadenopathy is a relatively uncommon finding of minimally differentiated acute myelogenous leukemia (AML-MO). We experienced a case of AML-MO in a 57-year-old man initially presented with multiple cervical lymphadenopathy. Bone marrow aspiration revealed myeloblasts, which were negative for myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B, Periodic acid-Schiff, non-specific esterase and double esterase reaction. In cell surface marker studies, CD13, CD14, CD33, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR were present. CT scan of neck demonstrated multiple lymphadenopathy at both internal jugular chains, spinal accessory chains and submandibular area. He died about two weeks after diagnosis without specific treatment.
Case Report ; Fatal Outcome ; Human ; Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute/*complications/pathology ; Lymphatic Diseases/*complications/pathology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Neck ; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Video-assisted sympathicotomy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of essential hyperhidrosis with immediate symptomatic improvement. However, this is offset by the occurrence of a high rate of side-effects, such as embarrassing compensatory hyperhidrosis. Therefore, by comparing and assessing the relationship between temperature change measured by DITI (digital infrared thermographic imaging) and clinical results according to the level and extent of sympathicotomy in essential hyperhidrosis. we tried to obtain a more precisely and objectively, the distribution and degree of compensatory sweating by DITI and also for ascertaining the clinical usefulness. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From January 2000 to June 2002, the thoracoscopic sympathicotomy was performed in 28 patients suffering from essential hyperhidrosis in Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital. The patients were divided into four groups, Group I: patients having undergone T2 sympathicotomy, Group II: patients having undergone T3 sympathicotomy, Group III: patients having undergone T3,4 sympathicotomy, and Group IV: patients having undergone T2,3,4 sympathicotomy. The parameters were composed of the satisfaction rate of treatment, the degree of compensatory and plantar sweating, and temperature changes of entire body measured by DITI RESULT: There was no difference in age and follow-up period among the groups. All of the treated patients obtained satisfactory alleviation of essential hyperhidrosis in immediate postoperative period. However, the rate of long-term satisfaction were 85.8%, 85.8%, 42.9%, and 28.6% in group I, II, III, and IV (p<0.05). More than embarrassing compensatory sweating was present in 14.2%, 14.2%, 57.1%, 71.4% in group I, II, III, and IV (p<0.05) In regard to plantar sweating, decrease in sweating was expressed in each of four groups, but was not significant between groups. An apparent increase of temperature measured by DITI indicated sufficient denervation and predicted long-lasting relief of essential hyperhidrosis and also decrease in temperature of trunk and lower extremity by DITI had correlated well with postoperative satisfaction, and also postoperative compensatory sweating. CONCLUSION: We suggested that the incidence and degree of compensatory sweating was closely related to the site and the extent of thoracic sympathicotomy. Resection of the lower interganglionic neural fiber of the second thoracic sympathetic ganglion on the third rib is the most practical and minimally invasive treatment than other surgical methods. We were also to anticipated the distribution and degree of compensatory sweating by DITI precisely and objectively and for ascertaining the clinical usefulness.
Denervation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglia, Sympathetic ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis* ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Postoperative Period ; Ribs ; Sweat ; Sweating