No abstract available.
Head and Neck Neoplasms* ; Head* ; Neck Dissection* ; Neck*

No abstract available.
Laryngectomy*

This experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological responses of the appendicular mucosa of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells in the inguinal area, following administration of BCG or CP-2 (Coptis chinensis-Croton tiglium extracts). Healthy adult ICR mice weighing 25 gm each were divided into normal and experimental groups (experimental control, BCG or CP-2 treated group). Each experimental group mouse was inoculated with 1 x 10(7) Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From the next day after inoculations, 0.2 mL of saline, BCG (0.5 mL/25 g B.W.: 0.03 x 10(8) ~ 0.32 x 10(8) CFU) or CP-2 (30 mg/kg) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day, respectively. The day following the 7 th injection of BCG or CP-2, each mouse was injected with a single dose of 0.7 microCi/gm of methyl-3H-thymidine (25 Ci/mmol, Amersham Lab., England) through tail vein. Seventy minutes after the tritiated thymidine injection, animals were sacrificed. The number of the labeled epithelial cells of the appendicular mucosae were observed and evaluated. On histological studies of the experimental control, BCG or CP-2 treated mice, general morphologies of the appendicular mucosae were similar. On autoradiographic study, number of the labeled cells of normal control, experimental control, BCG treated or CP-2 treated groups were 362.2+/-56.12, 350.7+/-42.65, 265.8+/-27.08 and 241.3+/-53.29, respectively. Above results show that BCG and CP-2 suppress the DNA synthetic activity of the epithelial cells of the appendix, but did not show any remarkable morphological alterations on the mucosae. These results suggest that BCG and CP-2 are ones of effective anticancer drugs for the cytostatic therapy.
Adult ; Animals ; Appendix* ; DNA* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Humans ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mucous Membrane ; Mycobacterium bovis* ; Robenidine ; Thymidine ; Veins

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the nature of emotional responsiveness in normal adults, we exam the emotional responses to emotional pictures in an evaluative space defined by arousal and valence. METHODS: Subjects were instructed to rate the arousal and valence that they experienced from the presentation of one of two sets of 60 emotional pictures. These two picture sets were comprised of 107 pictures: 101 selected from International Affective Pictures System and six pictures from our own collection. According to "evaluative space model", the authors set an evaluative space defined by the arousal scores as independent variable and the valence scores as dependent variable. In this evaluative space, one-hundred-and-seven pairs of coordinates representing respective emotional pictures were plotted. With regression analyses, the steepness of the regression lines on the plots with positive emotional responsiveness (n=51) and those with negative emotional responsiveness (n=56) were compared. RESULTS: In the evaluative space, the regression line of negative emotional responsiveness was significantly different from that of positive responsiveness. The slope of negative responsiviveness was significantly steeper than that of positive responsiveness. At a low arousal level, the absolute valence of a positive stimuli was larger than that of a negative picture. CONCLUSION: This finding indicates that the function of the negative affective responsiveness might be different from that of the positive responsitiveness. IAPS also seems applicable to Korean subjects.
Adult ; Arousal ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of Ki-67 and p53 expressions in patients with pancreatic head cancer. METHODS: Between May 2008 and April 2013, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and p53 was performed in 34 patients with pancreatic head cancer (ductal adenocarcinoma). All 34 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea. Clinical and histopathological characteristics were analyzed, relative to p53 expression. RESULTS: Thirty (88.2%) and twenty-one (61.7%) of the 34 pancreatic head cancers exhibited positive expression of Ki-67 and p53, respectively. Patients expressing Ki-67 and p53 experienced more frequent tumor recurrences within 1 year after surgical resection (P = 0.003 and P = 0.030, respectively). However, no correlation was detected between Ki-67 and p53 expression. Ki-67 expression was correlated with pathological grade, lymph node metasatsis, and clinical stage (P < 0.05). Importantly, Ki-67 was the independent predictive factor for postoperative recurrence within 1 year in both univariable and multivariable analyses (odds ratio, 27.219; 95% confidence interval, 1.403-528.135; P = 0.029). CONCLUSION: The expression of Ki-67 and p53 are significantly related to early postoperative recurrence within 1 year after surgical resection in pancreatic head cancer. Especially, Ki-67 was the independent predictive factor for postoperative recurrence within 1 year. Therefore, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and p53 may be applied as a predictive marker for early postoperative recurrence in pancreatic head cancer.
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal ; Head ; Head and Neck Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Jeollanam-do ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Recurrence* ; Risk Factors ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Rib seriation has not been used to identify individual human skeletal remains in Koreans. Accurate rib seriation is important for determining rib number and for establishing an individual's age at death. The aim of this study was to use a previously published quantitative method to correctly predict rib sequencing in Koreans. We used complete rib sets of 54 individuals and measured three variables: AFTAL (articular facet of the tubercle-toangle length), HAFL (head-to-articular facet length), and SCTCH (superior costo-transverse crest height). AFTAL and SCTCH were more useful than HAFL for predicting rib seriation, and AFTAL produced the simplest equation for determining sex. In the ranking, the cumulative percentage of AFTAL was 79% with an error of 0, and the range of seriation error was +/-4. Compared to other studies using European measures, AFTAL showed greater accuracy of rib seriation in this study of Korean ribs. In fact, both AFTAL and AFTAL with SCTCH accurately predicted rib 4 in 94% of cases. AFTAL was the most accurate, and use of both SCTCH and AFTAL yielded better results than either alone. Thus, the high accuracy and predictive ability showed that this method is useful for measuring rib seriation in Koreans.
Humans ; Ribs

OBJECTIVE: We utilized a spectral and network analysis technique with an integrated support vector classification algorithm for the automated detection of cognitive capacity using resting state electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. METHODS: An eyes-closed resting EEG was recorded in 158 older subjects, and spectral EEG parameters in seven frequency bands, as well as functional brain network parameters were, calculated. In the feature extraction stage, the statistical power of the spectral and network parameters was calculated for the low-, moderate-, and high-performance groups. Afterward, the highly-powered features were selected as input into a support vector machine classifier with two discrete outputs: low- or high-performance groups. The classifier was then trained using a training set and the performance of the classification process was evaluated using a test set. RESULTS: The performance of the Support Vector Machine was evaluated using a 5-fold cross-validation and area under the curve values of 70.15% and 74.06% were achieved for the letter numbering task and the spatial span task. CONCLUSION: In this study, reliable results for classification accuracy and specificity were achieved. These findings provide an example of a novel method for parameter analysis, feature extraction, training, and testing the cognitive function of elderly subjects based on a quantitative EEG signal.
Aged ; Brain ; Classification ; Cognition ; Electroencephalography* ; Humans ; Memory, Short-Term* ; Methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Support Vector Machine

When forensic anthropologists tried to reconstruct the biological profile, they would rely on the statistical data of documented human osteological/anatomical specimens. However, the metric data of Korean ancestry which is suitable for determining sex has not been established because documented human skeletal specimens are lack in Korean. The aim of this study is to discuss the possibility of determination of sex by metric data of atlas in Koreans. We measured 43 (male 25 and female 18) atlas from the department of anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University and the department of anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine. We measured 21 measurements of atlas using digimatic caliper and performed statistic analysis using SPSS to establish the discriminant functions. Among 21 measurements of atlas, the measurement values of the width of atlas exhibited the strongest relation with sexes. The accuracy of arbitrary discriminant functions derived from 6 measurements exhibited 93.9% and that of stepwise discriminant functions derived from 3 measurements exhibited 97.0%. In conclusion, this study could indicate that metric data of atlas is helpful to determine the sex in Koreans, but a further investigation should be followed.
Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: To analyze the preoperative clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with pT0 prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 702 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) at our institution between January 2004 and July 2008 for clinically localized prostate cancer. If there was no evidence of residual tumor in the pathological specimen of the prostate, a patient was staged as pT0. Patients with pT0 disease were compared with a control group of patients who were operated on during the same period. RESULTS: Overall, 9 (1.3%) patients were staged as pT0 on the pathologic examination. Significant differences were observed between the pT0 group and the control patients in the biopsy Gleason score (p=0.004), the number of positive cores on biopsy (p=0.018), the tumor length of positive cores (p<0.001), and prostate volume (p=0.015). Cutoff values predictive of pT0 tumor status were defined as a biopsy Gleason score sum < or =6, 2 or fewer positive biopsy cores, tumor length on biopsy < or =2 mm, and prostate volume >30 cm3. Whereas 8 of the 9 (88.9%) pT0 patients showed all of these characteristics, only 55 of the 693 (7.9%) control patients fulfilled the criteria. The combination suggested above afforded a sensitivity of 88.8% and a specificity of 92.1% for the prediction of pT0 status. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of pT0 prostate cancer seen on RP was 1.3%. A combination of clinicopathological features, incorporating a biopsy Gleason score, the number of positive biopsy cores, tumor length on biopsy, and prostate volume, was useful to predict pT0 stage on RP.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The metric parameters including Martin's (#41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 51, 52, 53) and non -Martin's parameters (nasion - occipital length, glabella -occipital length, nasion -inion length, glabella -lambda length, basion -nasion length, biauricular breadth, biasterion breadth, porion -bregma height, porion -vertex height, frontal arc, frontal chord, parietal arc, parietal chord, occipital arc, occipital chord, mastoid height, mastoid width, basion -prosthion length, internal palate length, internal palate breadth, external palate length, external palate breadth) were measured on 61 Korean skulls (M47, F14) with cephalometry (GPM Co., Swiss) and calipers (GPM Co., Swiss, Mitutoyo Co, Japan). Using the metric data of 35 parameteres, the statistic procedure (descriptive statistics, t -test, paired t -test, discrimination process, group analysis) was performed. Among those parameters, 28 parameters have the statistic significance in group analysis. The 2 clustering was most appropriate.
Cephalometry ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Group Processes ; Mastoid ; Palate ; Rabeprazole ; Sexism ; Skull*