PURPOSE: To report a patient who developed an unusual combination of central retinal artery occlusion with ophthalmoplegia following spinal surgery in the prone position. METHODS: A 60-year-old man underwent a cervical spinal surgery in the prone position. Soon after recovery he could not open his right eye and had ocular pain due to the general anesthesia. Upon examination, we determined that he had a central retinal artery occlusion with total ophthalmoplegia. RESULTS: Despite medical treatment, optic atrophy was still present at the following examination. Ptosis and the afferent pupillary defect disappeared and ocular motility was recovered, but visual loss persisted until the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A prolonged prone position during spinal surgery can cause external compression of the eye, causing serious and irreversible injury to the orbital structures. Therefore, if the patient shows postoperative signs of orbital swelling after spinal surgery the condition should be immediately evaluated and treated.
Visual Acuity ; Severity of Illness Index ; Retinal Artery Occlusion/*complications/diagnosis ; Postoperative Complications ; Ophthalmoplegia/*complications/diagnosis ; Neck Injuries/diagnosis/*surgery ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Laminectomy/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Fundus Oculi ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cervical Vertebrae/injuries/*surgery ; Blindness/*etiology

PURPOSE: To evaluate the surgical result of lacrimal surgery with total removal of the nasal mucosal flap. METHODS: Lacrimal surgery was performed in 30 eyes of 26 patients, by external approach without the nasal mucosal flap from February 2001 to August 2002. The surgical method was similar to conventional dacryocystorhinostomy, but the nasal mucosa of the osteotomy site was removed with a No.11 Bard-Parker blade and Westcott scissors. After insertion of a silicone tube, the anterior flap of the lacrimal sac was sutured to the soft tissues around the osteotomy site. Surgical efficacy was evaluated after a follow-up period of 7 22 months (average, 11.5 months). RESULTS: The primary success rate was 96.7% (29/30 eyes). We performed revision of mucosa ostium in the one failed eye, thereby raising the final success rate to 100%. The size of mucosa ostium was 0.7 3.0 mm (average 1.17 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Satisfactory surgical results were obtained without anastomosis of the lacrimal sac or the nasal mucosa during external approach, lacrimal surgery. We suggest that this method is a good surgical procedure in external approach, lacrimal surgery.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Mucosa ; Osteotomy ; Silicones

Purpose: Patients with atopic dermatitis often have difficulty managing their condition after epiblepharon repair surgery due to edema and itching at the operation site. We examined surgical outcomes in relation to atopic dermatitis. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed on epiblepharon patients and eyelids (patients = 1,829; eyelids = 4,694) that were followed after surgical correction between 2005 and 2016. Patients were classified into those with atopic dermatitis (the atopic dermatitis group) and a control group. Success rates and recurrence rates were compared and analyzed. Results: The mean patient age was 5.82 ± 2.87 years. Of the 200 eyelids with atopic dermatitis, 12 eyelids (6.0%) had undercorrection, as did 108 (2.4%) of the 4,494 eyelids of the control group. Of the 188 eyelids with atopic dermatitis, 13 (6.9%) underwent reoperation due to recurrence, as did 57 (1.3%) of the 4,386 eyelids of the control group. A statistically significant difference between two groups was confirmed in comparing failure rates and recurrence rates (p = 0.002, p < 0.001). Conclusions The failure rates of surgery and recurrence rates of epiblepharon symptoms were significantly higher in patients with atopic dermatitis. It can be assumed that the suture fixed to the tarsal plate was untied or loosened due to edema and itching of the operation site due to atopic dermatitis. In consideration of this, more effective treatment methods, such as solid suturing, are needed in clinical practice for atopic dermatitis patients.

A giant cell tumor of bone is a benign bone tumor, but has very high local recurrence rate and, very rarely metastasizes to the lung or a distant area. We report a case of a 29-year-old male patient presenting with a metastatic giant cell tumor of the soft tissue of the chest wall, who underwent a total resection of the radius for recurrence of the giant cell tumor. The tumor was not related to any bony structure of the thorax. We resected the tumor with a wide surgical margin. No evidence of malignancy was seen in the frozen and permanent pathological report.
Adult ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Radius ; Recurrence ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Male* ; Urticaria Pigmentosa* ; Urticaria*

A 32-year-old housewife who resides in Taegu was admitted in Yeungman University Hospital due to right upper quadrant abdminal pain of 2 mounths'duration. An abdomical CT and ultrasonography revealed a relatively well demarcated low density mass in the right lobe of liver. Right hepatic lobectomy was performed on the clinical impression of hepatoma. On the light microscopic study, the lobulated liver mass showed extensive central necrosis and fibrosis, with large numbers of pseudotubercles therein. The pseudotubercles have distorted helminthic eggs frequently. The submitted common bile duct lymph node also showed a few pseudotubercles. The eggs recovered from the tissue homogenate measured 140~152 micrometer by 75~85 micrometer in size and were unembryonated and light yellow to brown. The eggs were determined as those of Fasciola species. We reported the present case as 11th one of human fascioliasis in korea.
Humans

Accurate estimation of the exposure-response relationship between ambient urban particulate matters (PM) and public health is important for regulatory perspective of ambient urban particulate matters (PM). Ambient PM contains various transition metals and organic compounds. PM10 (aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microgram) is known to induce diverse diseases such as chronic cough, bronchitis, chest illness, etc. However, recent evaluation of PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microgram) against health outcomes has suggested that the fine particles may be more closely associated with adverse respiratory health effects than particles of larger size. This study was performed to evaluate PM2.5-induced oxidative stress in rat lung epithelial cell in order to provide basic data for the risk assessment of PM2.5. PM2.5 showed higher cytotoxicity than PM10. Also, PM 2.5 induced more malondialdehyde (MDA) formation than PM10. In Hoechst 33258 dye staining and DNA fragmentation assay, apopotic changes were clearly detected in PM2.5 treated cells in compared to PM10. Expression of catalase mRNA was increased by PM2.5 rather than PM10. PM2.5 induced higher Mth1 mRNA than PM10. In pBR322 DNA treated with PM2.5, production of single strand breakage of DNA was higher than that of PM10. In Western blot analysis, PM2.5 induced more Nrf-2 protein, associated with diverse transcriptional and anti-oxidative stress enzymes, compared to PM10. Our data suggest that PM2.5 rather than PM10 may be responsible for PM-induced toxicity. Additional efforts are needed to establish the environmental standard of PM2.5.
Air Pollutants/chemistry/*toxicity ; Animals ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Benzimidazoles/metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/physiology ; DNA Fragmentation/physiology ; DNA Repair Enzymes/genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/drug effects/enzymology/pathology ; Formazans/metabolism ; GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor ; Lipid Peroxides/metabolism ; Lung Diseases/*chemically induced/enzymology/pathology ; Oxidative Stress/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/chemistry/genetics ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tetrazolium Salts/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of mitomycin-C (MMC) on osteotomy site as an adjunctive therapy for dacryocystorhinostomy, the effect of MMC on cultured human osteoblasts was tested. METHODS: Cultured osteoblasts which was obtained from the human iliac crest, were treated with four different concentrations of MMC (0 mg/ml, 0.2 mg/ml, 0.02 mg/ml, 0.002 mg/ml) and cultured for 24hours. To observe the effect of exposed time dependency, cells were treated with MMC during 5, 30minutes, and 24hours and washed and changed with fresh osteogenic media, and then cultured for 24 hours. The effect of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) on the MMC-treated cells was evaluated. Cell viability was measured using trypan blue staining method and MTT assay. RESULTS: As compared with control group, the lowest growth rate of osteoblasts was 6.8% in 0.2 mg/ml MMC-treated cells. There were no significant differences in the growth rate between 5 minutes and 30 minutes MMC treatment groups, but in case of 24 hours treatment group with MMC (0.2 mg/ml) the growth rate was suppressed to 77.5% of control group with statistical significance. Both growth factors had promotive effect on the growth of in 0.02 mg/ml MMC-treated osteoblasts, but not in 0.2 mg/ml MMC-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoblasts which were treated for longer time and with higher concentration of MMC showed more suppression in growth rate. These results suggest that intraoperative application of MMC during dacryocystirhinostomy could have a positive effect of mucosal ostium with suppression of osteoblasts proliferation.
Cell Survival ; Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Humans* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mitomycin* ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteotomy ; Trypan Blue

Primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma (PCMC) is a rare malignant neoplasm that originates from the deepest part of the eccrine sweat glands. Characterized by slow growth, PCMC often appears on the head and neck of older patients. Although it rarely metastasizes, its high recurrence rate leads to significant morbidity. Clinically differentiating PCMC from benign tumors is challenging due to its slow growth and asymptomatic nature, and a biopsy is often required for a definitive diagnosis. A 77-year-old man presented with a non-tender lesion on his left lower eyelid that had been gradually progressing over a decade. The lesion was excised, and histological examination confirmed it as PCMC. A positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan conducted to differentiate between primary and metastatic cancer showed no abnormal findings. Computed tomography was then performed to assess the remaining primary site, followed by a wide excision. The frozen biopsy revealed no cancer in the margins from five directions; however, the permanent biopsy confirmed the presence of cancer in the base margin. After consultation with the hematology-oncology department, the patient underwent additional radiation therapy. One year post-surgery, there were no signs of recurrence.

Primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma (PCMC) is a rare malignant neoplasm that originates from the deepest part of the eccrine sweat glands. Characterized by slow growth, PCMC often appears on the head and neck of older patients. Although it rarely metastasizes, its high recurrence rate leads to significant morbidity. Clinically differentiating PCMC from benign tumors is challenging due to its slow growth and asymptomatic nature, and a biopsy is often required for a definitive diagnosis. A 77-year-old man presented with a non-tender lesion on his left lower eyelid that had been gradually progressing over a decade. The lesion was excised, and histological examination confirmed it as PCMC. A positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan conducted to differentiate between primary and metastatic cancer showed no abnormal findings. Computed tomography was then performed to assess the remaining primary site, followed by a wide excision. The frozen biopsy revealed no cancer in the margins from five directions; however, the permanent biopsy confirmed the presence of cancer in the base margin. After consultation with the hematology-oncology department, the patient underwent additional radiation therapy. One year post-surgery, there were no signs of recurrence.