Clinical and radiological observation was made on the 42 cases of childhood hydronephrosis patients admittedto Hanyang University Hospital from June, 1972 to August, 1982. Performed diagnsotic methods were exccretoryurography, retrograde pyelography, voiding cystourethrography and other advanced form of radiological methods suchas angiography or ultrasonography. The resultls were as follows; 1. The male patient were more frequent thanfemale patient and its ratio was 29:13. 2. 18 out of 42 patients were below 5 years of age and 9 of them were lessthan 1 year old. 3. Abdominal mass was the common presenting feature especially on obstructive hydronephrosis.Genitourinary symptoms or flank pain was the most frequent compliant in older children. Nongenitourinary symptomswere also noted especially in nonobstructive hydronephrosis of young children. 4. Obstructive hydronephrosis were26 cases and nonobstructive hydronephrosis were 17 cases. Pelviureteric junction was most frequent obstructionsite and intrinsic stricture was more frequent than extrinsic lesion. Vesicoureteric reflux and recurrent urinarytract infection was the frequent causes of nonobstructive hydronephrosis. 5. Both kidneys are equally affedted inall of cases. The left side was more frequently affected in obstructive hydronephrosis cases. 6. Voidingcystourethrography was performed in 14 cases and showed V-U reflux in 8 cases especially of mild nonobstructivehydronephrosis. 7. Ultrasonography was performed in 10 cases and it was the good method for diagnosis especiallywhen the abdominal mass was the presenting feature in children. 8. Most of operated cases were severe, grade IIIor IV, obstructive hydronephrosis cases. 9. Associated abnormalities affecting the genitourinary tract was foundin 17 cases. Nongenitourinary tract abnormalities were present in 20 cases especially associated with spinalanomaly.
Angiography ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Male ; Methods ; Ultrasonography ; Urography

Adequate radiologic demonstration of the extent of renal injury following abdminal trauma is an importantguide to therapy. In general, renal injuries were classifed as minor, major or catastrophic based on a combinationof radiological and clinical findings. Diagnostic methods were plain abdominal film, IVP, renal angiography andrapid noninvasive methods, such as ultrasonography and CT. This study was carried out to analyze about eachdiagnostic modalities including the specific findings of various types and extent of trauma and correlation ofthese studies for the determination of best daignostic approach. Case materials were 100 cases of renal injuriesduring our 5 years experience. The resuls were as follows; 1. Among 100 patients, men predominated over women; men82, women 18. about one half (44 cases ) of these occured between the age of 11-30. 2. Nonpenetrating blunt traumaaccount for 98% of cases. Penetrating injuries were only 3 cases. 3. Associated injuries were noted in 23 cases.4. Renal injuries were classified into 4 categories. Grade I is contrusion(33 cases), II parenchymal injurywithout pelvocalyceal system involvement (24 cases), III parenchymal injury with pelvocalyceal systeminvolvement(29 cases) and IV injured involving renal pedicle(15 cases). 5. IVP is the most common initialdiagnostic modality and good for screening of patient, but only 30% of specificity is noted. 6. Renal angiographyhas many advantage with accurate assement of variety of lesion and be a good guidence for decision of prognosisand therapy. 7. Ultrasonography and CT are rapid noninvasive study, valuable in assessing the specific type andextent of injury and easily evaluated the entire abdomen. But for the vascular lesion, angiography is preferredthan ultrasonography or CT. 8. Conservative management was done in 68 cases. Operation were performed in 33 casesand 28 cases of them were major injuries.
Abdomen ; Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography