The most important spinal disorders in childhood are malformations and mass lesions. High-resolution, real-time ultrasonography of the spine enables the differentation of intraand paraspinal structures in a significant way. This examination does not require sedation, does not use radiation, can be performed in the nursery or an incubator and is less expensive than computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The sonographic appearence of the various kinds of spinal dysraphism is demonstrated and illustrated. Based on our preliminary experience spinal sonography appears to be useful in neonates and infants as the first imaging device for differentiation of cmplex malformation and as a screeing method for occult spinal dysraphism.
Humans ; Incubators ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neural Tube Defects ; Nurseries ; Spinal Dysraphism* ; Spine ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Female ; Methotrexate* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

No abstract available.
Stents* ; Trachea*

The authors presented a case of gastroschisis with a pedunculated gallbladder embedded in hepatic tissue. The patient was born after fullterm gestation. Due to extensive abdominal wall defect, she succumbed 3 days after birth. There was a pedunculated mass measuring 2.5x1.5x1.5 cm between the liver and distended stomach without any attachment to the liver. The pedicle of the mass was connected to the common bile duct. Cut surface revealed that the mass was an accessory hepatic lobe encircling the gallbladder. The histologic feature of both accessory liver and gallbladder was markedly altered probably due to vascular obstruction. We could find only a single similar case in literlature. That case was associated with Beckwith syndrome and ours was associated with large atrial spetal defect, large patent ductus arteriosus, accessory spleen as well as gastroschisis. The common feature of abdominal wall defect might be a predisposing factor.

The systemic lupus erythematosus is a self-perpetuating disease with multisystem involvement, i.e.; skin, kidney, serous membrane, nervous system and other organs. The mortality in SLE is determined primarily by the extent of renal involvement and the degree of immunosuppression resulting from the therapy. We experienced two cases of lupus nephritis in SLE with clinical, serologic, immunologic and pathologic evaluations. Renal biopsy revealed focal and segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Both patients have been improving with prednisolone on follow-up studies.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Kidney ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Lupus Nephritis* ; Mortality ; Nervous System ; Prednisolone ; Serous Membrane ; Skin

No abstract available.
Panax*

Twenty-four hands of eighteen patients of carpal tunnel syndrome were treated with two or times injection of 5 mg dexamethasone and three weeks splinting at the department of orthopedic surgery, Korea University Hospital From Jan. 1980 to Feb.1985. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Physical findings consisted of sensory disturbances in sixteen hands, positive Tinel sign in thirteen, positive Phalen test in eighteen and thenar atrophy in eight. 2. On electromyographic study, delay of motor conduction velocity of the median nerve was noted in twelve cases and sensory nerve velocity in fifteen. 3. Fifteen patients(eighteen cases) were followed up from 6 months to 30 months. Twelve cases(60%) were improved and three cases were recurred.
Atrophy ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Clinical Study ; Dexamethasone ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; Median Nerve ; Orthopedics ; Splints

No abstract available.
Surgery, Plastic

Effects of cognitive-physical dual-task training on prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent function remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of dual-task training on executive function and activity in the PFC of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thirty-six older adults with MCI randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG) performing cognitive-physical dual-task training requiring for simultaneous cognitive tasks and physical exercise (n = 18) or the control group (CG) receiving sing-cognitive training using the computerized cognitive training program focusing on executive function (n = 18) for 16 sessions lasting 40 minutes a session. For the primary outcomes, the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) was used, and for the secondary outcome, activity in the PFC using functional near infrared spectroscopy and the Korean version of instrumental activities of daily living (K-IADL) were evaluated at pre-and post-intervention. After the intervention, the EG achieved a significantly higher improvement in the TMT-B and decreased activity in the PFC during TMT-B testing than the CG. However, there were no significant differences in the K-IADL in both groups. These findings indicate that dual-task training is more effective in improving executive process and decreasing activity in the PFC during cognitive testing than single-cognitive training with limitations of its transfer effect to daily life.

No abstract available.
Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal*