No abstract available.

The CT digital radiography is a new accurate technique for measuring the long bone length. Authors performed acomparative study on accuracy, time and film consumption and radiation dose between conventional spot scanogramand CT scanogram. We used two femur and two tibia specimen for materials, the Somatom II(Siemens) for CTscanogram, and Rad Check(Voctoreen) for radiation dosimetery. There was no significant difference in accuracybetween direct measurement, conventional scanogram and CT scanogram(lesser than 1% difference). The examinationtime of conventional scanogram was about 35 minutes, CT was 15 minutes, and the film consumption of spot scanogramwas 3 of 14x17'' size, but the CT scanogram need only one 8x10'' film for completion of study. The radiation doseof hip, knee and ankle joint were 220 mRad, 365 mRad, respectively, in spot scanogram, but it was lesser than 5mRad in all joints in CT scanogram. The advantages of the CT scanogram are simple, rapid and reduced radiation.
Ankle Joint ; Femur ; Hip ; Joints ; Knee ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive* ; Platelet Activation*

Embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into various types of cells, requiring a tight regulation of transcription. Biomarkers related to each lineage of cells are used to guide the differentiation into neural or any other fates. In previous experiments, we reported the guided differentiation (GD)-specific genes by comparing profiles of random differentiation (RD). Interestingly 68% of differentially expressed genes in GD overlap with that of RD, which makes it difficult for us to separate the lineages by examining several markers. In this paper, we design a prediction model to identify the differentiation into neural fates from any other lineage. From the profiles of 11,376 genes, 203 differentially expressed genes between neural and random differentiation were selected by random variance T-test with 95% confidence and 5% false discovery rate. Based on support vector machine algorithm, we could select 79 marker genes from the 203 informative genes to construct the optimal prediction model. Here we propose a prediction model for the prediction of neural fates from random differentiation which is constructed with a perfect accuracy.
Embryonic Stem Cells ; Stem Cells ; Support Vector Machine ; Biomarkers

No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Cholera Toxin* ; Cholera* ; Cytoplasm* ; Humans* ; T-Lymphocytes*

PURPOSE: Both genetic and epigenetic alterations can lead to abnormal expression of metastasis-regulating genes in tumor cells. Recent studies suggest that aberrant epigenetic alterations, followed by differential gene expression, leads to an aggressive cancer cell phenotype. We examined epigenetically regulated genes that are involved in ovarian cancer metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed SK-OV-3 human ovarian carcinoma cell xenografts in mice. We compared the mRNA expression and DNA methylation profiles of metastatic tissues to those of the original SK-OV-3 cell line. RESULTS: Metastatic implants showed increased mRNA expression of the carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) gene and hypomethylation at CpG sites in the CA9 promoter. Treatment of wild-type SK-OV-3 cells with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine reduced methylation of the CA9 promoter and increased CA9 mRNA expression. Eight CpGs, which were located at positions -197, -74, -19, -6, +4, +13, +40, and +86, relative to the transcription start site, were hypomethylated in metastatic tumor implants, compared to that of wild-type SK-OV-3. Overexpression of CA9 induced an aggressive phenotype, including increased invasiveness and migration, in SK-OV-3 cells. CONCLUSION: Alterations in the DNA methylation profile of the CA9 promoter were correlated with a more aggressive phenotype in ovarian cancer cells.
Animals ; Azacitidine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Carbonic Anhydrases/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis/genetics/*pathology ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Phenotype ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism

Intussusception is rare in adult and usually caused by organic lesions, although there is a singnificant numbeof so-called idiopathic cases. The diagnosis of intussusception have been made by pali abdomen, barium enema andsmall bowel series. But recently ultrasound and CT make a contribution to diagnose intussusception. CT is not theprimary means for evaluation a gastrointestinal tract abnormality but also provides yaluable informations inevaluating disorders affecting the hollow viscera of the alimentary tract. CT image of intussusception demonstratea whirl like pattern of bowel loops separated by fatty stripe correlating to the intestinal walls. Abdominal ultrasonogram was used as the initial diagnostic test in 2 cases out of total 4 cases, with abdominal mass ofunknown cause. It revealed a typical pattern, composed of a round or oval mass with central dense echoes andperipheral poor echoes. We report 4 all cases of intussusception in adult who were performed by CT and/orultrasound. All cases were correlated with barium enema examination and/or surgical reports.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Barium ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Enema ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Ultrasonography ; Viscera

PURPOSE: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult primary intracranial tumor. The remarkable features of GBM include central necrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for many cancers, including glioblastoma. However, the effect of necrosis on the miRNA expression profile and predicted miRNA-mRNA regulatory information remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of necrotic cells on the modulation of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles and miRNA-mRNA network in CRT-MG cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used human astroglioma cells, CRT-MG, treated with necrotic CRT-MG cells to examine the effect of necrosis on the modulation of miRNA and mRNA by next-generation sequencing. For preparation of necrotic cells, CRT-MG cells were frozen and thawed through cycle of liquid nitrogen–water bath. The putative miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationship was inferred through target information, using miRDB. RESULTS: The necrotic cells induced dysregulation of 106 miRNAs and 887 mRNAs. Among them, 11 miRNAs that had a negative correlation value of p < 0.05 by the hypergeometric test were screened, and their target mRNAs were analyzed by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. Using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, we also found several necrotic cell treatment-activated pathways that were modulated by relevant gene targets of differentially expressed miRNAs. CONCLUSION: Our result demonstrated that dysregulation of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles occurs when GBM cells are exposed to necrotic cells, suggesting that several miRNAs may have the potential to be used as biomarkers for predicting GBM progression and pathogenesis.
Adult ; Astrocytoma* ; Baths ; Biomarkers ; Gene Ontology ; Genome ; Glioblastoma ; Humans* ; MicroRNAs ; Necrosis* ; RNA, Messenger

BACKGROUND: Flatfoot deformity is a lever arm disease that incurs kinetic inefficiency during gait. The purpose of this study was to measure the degree of kinetic inefficiency by comparing the gait analysis data of a flatfoot group with a normal control group. METHODS: The patient group consisted of 26 children (21 males and 5 females) with symptomatic flatfoot. They were examined with gait analysis between May 2005 and February 2014. Exclusion criteria were patients with secondary flatfoot caused by neuromuscular disorders, tarsal coalition, vertical talus, or others. Patients' mean age was 9.5 years (range, 7 to 13 years). The gait analysis data of the study group and the normal control group were compared. RESULTS: The mean vertical ground reaction force (GRF) in the push-off phase was 0.99 for the patient group and 1.15 for the control group (p < 0.05). The mean ankle moment in the sagittal plane during the push-off phase was 0.89 for the patient group and 1.27 for the control group (p < 0.05). The mean ankle power in the sagittal plane during the push-off phase was 1.38 for the patient group and 2.52 for the control group (p < 0.05). The aforementioned results show that patients with pes planovalgus had a reduction of moment, power, and GRF in the push-off phase during gait. CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic flatfeet had a moment inefficiency of 30% and power inefficiency of 45% during gait compared to feet with preserved medial longitudinal arches.
Ankle ; Arm ; Child* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Flatfoot* ; Foot ; Gait* ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Observational Study* ; Talus

BACKGROUND: Although determination of Doppler echocardiographic transmitral inflow patterns(DETIP) is used as an indrect method assessing LV diastolic function. It is known that DETIP can be affected by certain hemodynamic variables. The aim of this investigation is to assess the serial changes of DETIP and to determine the relation of DETIP with clinical parameter such as initial left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV), ejection fraction(EF), Killip class and thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. METHOD: Four serial Doppler and 2-D echocardiographic studies were performed at 1 day, 1 week, 1mouth, and 3 months after development of AMI in 24 patients(M:F=19:5, aged 58+/-11 year , 15 anterior MI) and 13 normal adults (aged 47+/-9 years) as reference group. On admission 14 patients were in Killip class I and 10 patients in class II. Thrombolytic therapy with IV urokinase were done in 11 patients. E velocity, pressure half-time (PHT), and isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT) were analyzed and LV systolic function was determined in apical 4 chamber view. RESULTS: DETIP did not change until 1month after development of AMI. However, E/A ratio was decreased, and PHT and IVRT were increased at 3 months after AMI. Doppler transmitral flow parameters were not related with Killip class and LV systolic function. Patiens who recieved urokinase intravenously and who had greater intial LVEDV(>118cm3) showed higher E/A ratio and shorter PHTand IVRT than those who did not. These findings indicate that changes in Doppler transmitral inflow pattern in AMI patients are not uniform over a period of 3 months and thrombolytic therapy causes favorable effect on Doppler transmitral flow parameters. CONCLUSION: Changes in Doppler trasmitral inflow pattern may be variable over post-AMI period and this should be taken into account in evaluating LV diastolic function after AMI. Thrombolytic therapy may improve LV diastolic function in AMI patients.
Adult ; Echocardiography ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Relaxation ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator