Fluorescein angiography (FAG) has been widely used in the diagnostic evaluation of choroidal tumors. Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), which permits better visualization of choroidal vasculature than FAG, has been recently introduced into clinical practice. FAG and ICGA of 13 patients with choroidal tumors were assessed. These included 4 patients with choroidal nevus,4 with malignant melanoma, 2 with metastatic choroidal tumor,and 3 with choroidal hemangioma. In choroidal nevus, ICGA showed persistent hypofluorescence with clear delineation of the lesion in the late phase. Characteristic fluorescein angiographic feature of choroidal melanoma was hyperfluorescence in the late phase. However, the fluorescence of melanoma varied from hypo-,to hyperfluores- cent in the late phase of the ICGA. In choroidal metastatic tumor, FAG showed the typical pinpoint hyperfluorescence in the early phase and the diffuse leakage with serous detachment in the late phase. ICGA showed the hypofluo- rescence throughout the whole phases. In choroidal hemangioma, FAG and ICGA showed complete dye filling of the hemangioma with more denser hyperfluorescence in the early phase than in the late phase. In all patients, the lesion was better defined on the ICGA than on the FAG. This study suggests that ICGA combined with FAG may be useful in differentiating various choroidal tumors.
Angiography* ; Choroid* ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fluorescein* ; Fluorescence ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green* ; Melanoma ; Nevus

BACKGROUND: Deep burns of the elbow lead to soft tissue necrosis and infection, with exposure of deep structures. Adequate wound coverage of this area requires thin, pliable, and durable tissue, while optimal functional recovery requires early coverage and functional rehabilitation. We have found 3 types of island flaps that provide reliable coverage for the elbow. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on all patients who underwent flap coverage of an elbow defect at our hospital. The patients' data including age, sex, cause of injury, wound dimensions, timing of flap coverage, postoperative elbow motion, and complications were investigated. RESULTS: Between 2001 and 2012, 16 patients were treated at our hospital. The mean age was 53.3 years. Three kinds of flaps were performed: 9 latissimus dorsi flaps, 4 lateral arm flaps, and 4 radial forearm flaps. The average defect size was 183.5 cm2 (range, 28 to 670 cm2). Wound coverage was performed at mean duration of 45.9 days (range, 14 to 91 days). The mean postoperative active elbow flexion was 98degrees (range, 85degrees to 115degrees). Partial flap failure occurred in 1 latissimus dorsi flap. Minor complications included partial flap loss (11.8%), hematoma (23.5%), seroma (35.3%), and wound infection (5.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Flap selection for elbow reconstruction is determined by the defect size and the extent of the adjacent tissue injury. Elbow reconstruction using an island flap is a single-staged, reliable, and relatively simple procedure that permits initiation of early rehabilitation, thereby improving a patient's functional outcome.
Arm ; Burns ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seroma ; Surgical Flaps ; Wound Infection

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To reduce the subacute stent thrombosis, the use of high pressure final balloon dilatations and confirmation of adequate stent expansion by intravascular ultrasound has been recommended. The purpose of this study is to compare incidence of stent thrombosis and major cardiac events (MACE) between high and moderate pressure balloon technique without using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively studied 147 patients (110 males & 37 females, mean;56.9+/-9.9 years, 154 lesions) who were deployed intracoronary stents with the use of conventional technique except IVUS guidance. According to inflation pressure, patients were divided into two groups; G1 (moderate pressure group, maximum inflation balloon pressure <14ATM, 77 lesion) & G2 (high pressure group, maximum inflation balloon pressure > or =14ATM, 77 lesions). We investigated the incidence of stent thrombosis and MACE between two groups during the 10 month follow up examination. RESULTS: 1) The mean inflation presure is different between two groups by definition (G1:G2 10.2+/-1.8; 15.2+/-1.3 ATM p<0.001). 2) The stenotic lesion lengths of the group of patients treated with the moderate pressure techique were longer than those treated under the high pressure technique (G1:G2 19.8+/-7.1 mm; 16.3+/-4.1 mm p=0.002). 3) There were no significant differences between the moderate pressure group and the high pressure group during the 10 month follow-up examination in terms of MACE[early event (0-14D)-subacute thrombosis G1:G2 0:0 death G1; G2 1:1/late events (15D - 10M)-repeat revascularization:G1; G2 8; 7, CABG G1; G2 1; 0, Q.M.I G1; G2 1; 0]. CONCLUSION: Onselectedpatients,itispossibletoconsidermoderatepressure technique as an other option for coronary stenting.
Dilatation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflation, Economic* ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Stents* ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography