OBJECTIVETo report the first case of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery-assisted vaginal hysterectomy in South China, and discuss its feasibility and safety.

METHODSA 42-year-old woman with multiple myoma of the uterus underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery-assisted vaginal hysterectomy performed using a single multiple-channel port inserted through a solitary 2 cm upper umbilicus incision.

RESULTSThe total operative time was 3 h, and duration of the laparoendoscopic procedure was 2 h. The surgery was completed uneventfully without an additional port incision or transfer to open surgery. The intraoperative blood loss was 100 ml. Bowel peristalsis was recovered 3 days after the operation. The vaginal stump and abdominal incision healed smoothly without occurrence of vaginal bleeding.

CONCLUSIONWith the development of surgical instruments and improvement of the surgeons' skills, laparoendoscopic single-site surgery, due to its invasiveness, can be a promising approach to the management of gynecological disease including gynecological malignant tumors.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; methods ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Leiomyoma ; surgery ; Uterine Neoplasms ; surgery

Endoscopic hysterectomy is increasingly selected as a current trend to minimize invasion, tissue trauma and early recovery. However it has disadvantages of the difficulty to learn and needs expensive equipments. So we developed a new minimally invasive method of vaginal hysterectomy-minilaparotomically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (MAVH) in order to complement the current laparoscopic surgery. The principle of MAVH is based on suprapubic minilaparotomical incision and uterine elevator that allows access and maximal exposure of the pelvic anatomy and an easy approach to the surrounding anatomy enabling division of round ligaments, Fallopian tubes, tuboovarian ligaments, and dissection of bladder peritoneum. After then, the vaginal phase of MAVH is done by the traditional vaginal hysterectomy. We enrolled 75 consecutive cases and in 73 cases thereof MAVH was accomplished successfully. The technique of MAVH is simple and easy to learn and it involves a small incision causing less pain and complications. This practice does not require expensive equipments. MAVH is considered as a safe and effective alternative method for abdominal hysterectomy in most cases.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Human ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal/*methods ; *Laparotomy ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical characteristics of three subcategories of laparoscopic hysterectomy: total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) and two subcategories of laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH): LAVHs and LAVHb.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 393 patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy, including TLH (n=178), LAVHa (n=177), and LAVHb (n=38), in our hospital from September 2002 to September 2005.

RESULTSMyoma and adenomyosis of uterus were the most common diseases in this study, accounting for 66.9%, 38.4%, and 52.6% in TLH group, LAVHa group, and LAVHb group, respectively. The mean surgery duration and blood loss were not significantly different between TLH group and LAVHa group (P > 0.05), but were significantly less in TLH group than in LAVHb group (P < 0.05). The bulk of uterus in TLH group was significantly bigger than in other two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of major complications in the TLH group (9. 0%) was lower than in LAVHa group (14.1%) and in LAVHb group (18.4%), but without statistical significance. Conclusion Compared with LAVH, TLH is feasible to deal with bigger uterus with less blood loss and shorter surgery duration and without more frequent complications.

Endometriosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Myoma ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Neoplasms ; surgery

BACKGROUNDHysterectomy is a very common surgery in gynecology. Ideal surgery for hysterectomy is microinvasive with few complications. There are three major routes of hysterectomy that are currently used. The aim of this study was to identify the differences of peri-operative outcome among the patients who underwent the three different approaches.

METHODSOne hundred and one women undergoing hysterectomy for myoma had the procedure performed by laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), total vaginal hysterectomy (TVH) or total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) in a randomized study. We compared the course of peri-operative and post-operative outcome for the three different approaches.

RESULTSwere evaluated by linear regression analysis, Fisher's exact test and Student's t test for independent samples.

RESULTSThe operation time among the three procedures was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The amount of blood loss in the TVH group was less than in the LAVH and TAH groups (P < 0.05). The pain score 3 hours after operation in the LAVH group was significantly lower than in the TAH and TVH groups (P < 0.001). The pain scores in the LAVH and TVH groups were lower than in the TAH group at 24 and 48 hours after operation (P < 0.01). The women who underwent LAVH and TVH had a shorter hospitalization stay (P < 0.001). The highest body temperature after operation in the TAH group was higher than that in LAVH and TVH groups (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSLAVH and TVH are better procedures for women requiring hysterectomy. The peri-operative and post-operative courses of TVH are better than LAVH, excluding the pain score 3 hours after operation. Vaginal hysterectomy is the most cost-effective approach but the final choice for the route of hysterectomy can depend on many factors such as gynecological disease, patients' health status and experiences of the gynecologist.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; standards ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; methods ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Length of Stay ; Myoma ; surgery ; Pain, Postoperative ; Regression Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo examine the operative approaches, major indications, and medical economic parameters of the hysterectomy.

METHODSData on hysterectomy performed due to benign gynecological disorders in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from 1996 to 2001 were reviewed. The cases were classified into three groups according to the operative approaches: total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), vaginal hysterectomy (VH), and laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). The major indications, length of hospital stay, operative cost, and total medical cost were analyzed.

RESULTSRecords of 4,180 women who had hysterectomies in PUMCH were examined. Operations included TAH (78.4%), LAVH (13.0%), and VH (8.6%). The use of LAVH increased from 2.4% in 1996 to 17.3% in 2001. The common indications for surgery included uterine leiomyoma (56.2%), adenomyosis (12.2%), benign ovarian tumor (9.2%), genital prolapse (7.7%), endometriosis (6.9%), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (3.0%), and cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (2.0%). The most common indications for TAH and LAVH were uterine leiomyomas and adenomyosis, whereas the most common indication for VH was genital prolapse, followed by uterine leiomyoma. The lengths of hospital stay in TAH, VH, and LAVH were (11.0 +/- 4.9) d, (10.9 +/- 3.9) d, and (8.9 +/- 3.7) d respectively. The total medical cost was (5,666.6 +/- 1,709.4) RMB Yuan for TAH, (5,027.6 +/- 1,067.0) RMB Yuan for VH, and (7,473.8 +/- 1,464.8) RMB Yuan for LAVH.

CONCLUSIONSThe use of LAVH has been increasing. Although the direct medical cost for LAVH is higher than that for TAH, its indirect benefit appeares superior to TAH. The major indications for LAVH and TAH are similar, whereas the indications for VH are different from those for TAH and LAVH.

Costs and Cost Analysis ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; economics ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; economics ; methods ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Laparoscopy ; Leiomyoma ; surgery ; Uterine Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: This study is to compare the baseline characteristics and symptoms between groups with leiomyoma only (group M; myoma group), adenomyosis only (group A; adenomyosis group), and leiomyoma and adenomyosis together (group B; group for both disease). METHODS: Selected patients were who received total abdominal hysterectomy, laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy, or total laparoscopic hysterectomy from January 2014 to December 2015, and whose pathology result showed leiomyoma (n=74), adenomyosis (n=27), or both (n=63). Baseline characteristics and symptoms were reviewed from the medical records. Researched characteristics included patients' age, degeneration of leiomyoma, endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis, weight of the removed uterus, menopause before the surgery, method of the surgery, necessity for blood transfusion before and after the surgery, difference of hemoglobin level before and after the surgery, and number of gravida, para, and abortion. RESULTS: Eleven symptoms were checked. Thirty-eight point four percent of total subject had uterine leiomyoma and adenomyosis at the same time. Number of abortion was higher in the group B. The group B showed a tendency of presenting more menorrhagia, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, acute lower abdominal pain, and urinary frequency. Symptoms related to mass effect seem to be relative to uterine leiomyoma, and symptoms related to menorrhagia seems to be relative to adenomyosis. The group M showed suddenly growing mass symptoms, and was more likely to have massive hemorrhage during the surgery. It is hard to differentiate coexistence of uterine leiomyoma and adenomyosis from each disease. CONCLUSION: Coexistence of two disease exhibits mixed symptoms of each disease, but shows different tendency.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenomyosis ; Blood Transfusion ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Leiomyoma ; Medical Records ; Menopause ; Menorrhagia ; Methods ; Metrorrhagia ; Myoma ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterus

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine the differences in outcomes between natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (NAVH) and conventional laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who between July 2012 and September 2015, were diagnosed as having benign uterine disease such as uterine myoma, endometriosis, or adenomyosis and managed via NAVH or LAVH in a single-center (Eulji University Hospital). Data such as age, body weight, height, parity, operation time, intra/post-operative complications, and uterus weight were obtained from the clinical charts. NAVH and LAVH recipients were matched 1:3 in terms of baseline characteristics, and the 2 groups were compared regarding surgical outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 160 patients with benign uterine disease included in the present study. Forty received NAVH and remaining 120 received LAVH. There were significant differences between the groups regarding operation time and hemoglobin change. Notably, although the operation time was shorter for LAVH, hemoglobin change was lower for NAVH. Additionally, although maximum hospitalization duration was shorter for LAVH, the average length of hospitalization was similar between NAVH and LAVH. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of other variables. CONCLUSION: NAVH may become a new alternative surgical method of choice for hysterectomy, as it represents a clinically feasible and safe approach; moreover is superior to LAVH in terms of bleeding loss.
Adenomyosis ; Body Weight ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal* ; Laparoscopy ; Leiomyoma ; Methods ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery ; Parity ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Diseases ; Uterus

PURPOSE: Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN), a rare premalignant condition, is difficult to eradicate. We assess the effectiveness of high-dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy (HDR-ICR) in patients with VAIN or carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the vagina after hysterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 34 patients treated for posthysterectomy VAIN or CIS of the vagina by brachytherapy as the sole treatment. All patients underwent a coloposcopic-directed punch biopsy or had abnormal cytology, at least 3 consecutive times. All patients were treated with a vaginal cylinder applicator. The total radiation dose was mainly 40 Gy in 8 fractions during the periods of 4 weeks at a prescription point of the median 0.2 cm (range, 0 to 0.5 cm) depth from the surface of the vaginal mucosa. RESULTS: Acute toxicity was minimal. Seven patients had grade 1/2 acute urinary and rectal complications. There were 15 cases of late toxicity, predominantly vaginal mucosal reaction in 12 patients. Of these patients, two patients suffered from grade 3 vaginal stricture and dyspareunia continuously. After a median follow-up time of 48 months (range, 4 to 122 months), there were 2 recurrences and 2 persistent diseases, in which a second-line therapy was needed. The success rate was 88.2%. The average prescription point in failure patients was 1.1 mm from the surface of the vagina compared to an average of 2.6 mm in non-recurrent patients (p=0.097). CONCLUSION: HDR-ICR is an effective treatment method in VAIN patients. In spite of high cure rates, we should consider issues regarding vaginal toxicity and radiation techniques to reduce the occurrence of failure and toxicity.
Biopsy ; Brachytherapy* ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dyspareunia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Methods ; Mucous Membrane ; Prescriptions ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Vagina ; Vaginal Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN), a rare premalignant condition, is difficult to eradicate. We assess the effectiveness of high-dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy (HDR-ICR) in patients with VAIN or carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the vagina after hysterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 34 patients treated for posthysterectomy VAIN or CIS of the vagina by brachytherapy as the sole treatment. All patients underwent a coloposcopic-directed punch biopsy or had abnormal cytology, at least 3 consecutive times. All patients were treated with a vaginal cylinder applicator. The total radiation dose was mainly 40 Gy in 8 fractions during the periods of 4 weeks at a prescription point of the median 0.2 cm (range, 0 to 0.5 cm) depth from the surface of the vaginal mucosa. RESULTS: Acute toxicity was minimal. Seven patients had grade 1/2 acute urinary and rectal complications. There were 15 cases of late toxicity, predominantly vaginal mucosal reaction in 12 patients. Of these patients, two patients suffered from grade 3 vaginal stricture and dyspareunia continuously. After a median follow-up time of 48 months (range, 4 to 122 months), there were 2 recurrences and 2 persistent diseases, in which a second-line therapy was needed. The success rate was 88.2%. The average prescription point in failure patients was 1.1 mm from the surface of the vagina compared to an average of 2.6 mm in non-recurrent patients (p=0.097). CONCLUSION: HDR-ICR is an effective treatment method in VAIN patients. In spite of high cure rates, we should consider issues regarding vaginal toxicity and radiation techniques to reduce the occurrence of failure and toxicity.
Biopsy ; Brachytherapy* ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dyspareunia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Methods ; Mucous Membrane ; Prescriptions ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Vagina ; Vaginal Neoplasms

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Colposcopy ; Conization ; Electrosurgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Vaginal Smears