Chordoid glioma, a recently introduced clinicopathologic entity, is a rare neoplasm occurring mainly in the third ventricle and hypothalamus. The authors had experienced a case of chordoid glioma combined with Rathke's cleft cyst which occurred in the sellar and suparasellar region. Here we report clinical, radiological, and histopathological features of this neoplasm with review of literature
Glioma* ; Hypothalamus ; Third Ventricle

No abstract available.
Eating* ; Gene Expression* ; Hypothalamus*

No abstract available.
Eating* ; Gene Expression* ; Hypothalamus*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Hydrocephalus* ; Hypothalamus* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain Stem* ; Brain* ; Electroshock* ; Hypothalamus* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Animals ; Hypothalamus* ; Neurons* ; Rats*

Humans ; Alzheimer Disease ; Hippocampus ; Neurons ; Hypothalamus

Diencephalic syndrome of infancy which is characterized by progressive and profound emaciation often with normal or accelerated skeletal growth, hyperkinesias, hypotension, and hypoglycemia. The profound emaciation so characteristic this syndrome has yet to be explained. The diencephalic syndrome is caused by low grade astrocytoma, ependymoma in the third ventricle including the hypothalamus. Authers report a case of diencephalic syndrome which was confirmed in this patient with ependymoma in the region of anterior hypothalamus by transcallosal approach.
Astrocytoma ; Emaciation ; Ependymoma ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Hypoglycemia ; Hypotension ; Hypothalamus ; Hypothalamus, Anterior ; Third Ventricle

Olfaction and food intake are interrelated and regulated. In the process of feeding, the metabolic signals in the body and the feeding signals produced by food stimulation are first sensed by the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus and the nucleus tractus solitarius of brain stem, and then these neurons project to the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus. The paraventricular nucleus transmits the signals to other brain regions related to feeding and regulates feeding behavior. In this process, olfactory signals can be transmitted to hypothalamus through olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex to regulate feeding behavior. At the same time, gastrointestinal hormones (ghrelin, insulin, leptin, etc.) and some neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, endocannabinoid, etc.) produced in the process of feeding act on the olfactory system to regulate olfactory function, which in turn affects the feeding itself. This review summaries the research progress of the interaction between olfaction and food intake and its internal mechanism from the aspects of neuronal and hormonal regulation.
Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/metabolism* ; Feeding Behavior/physiology* ; Hypothalamus ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Smell

Phytoestrogen is an estrogenic compound that occurs naturally in plants. The most common sources of phytoestrogen are soybean products, which contain high levels of isoflavones. This compound, which has structural similarity with estrogen, can act as an estrogen receptor agonist or antagonist. Animal studies provide evidence of the significant effects of phytoestrogen on sexual development, including altered pubertal timing, impaired estrous cycling and ovarian function, and altered hypothalamus and pituitary functions. Although human studies examining the effects of phytoestrogen on sexual development are extremely limited, the results of some studies agree with those of the animal studies. In this paper, we review the possible mechanism of phytoestrogen action and the evidence showing the effects of phytoestrogen on sexual development in animal and human studies.
Animals ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Isoflavones ; Phytoestrogens ; Puberty ; Sexual Development ; Soybeans