1.Two Cases Reporting Past-life Identity during Hypnosis.
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 1997;36(3):578-587
During hypnosis patients sometimes fantasize entire complex scenarios and later define these experiences as memories of actual events rather than as imaginings. This article examines 2 cases reporting past-life identity during hypnotic trance state. In each case, elicitation of the past-life events is associated with social constructions, hypnotic procedures and structured interviews which provide demands for the requisite experiences, and which then legitimate the experiences as past-life identities. These 2 cases show their own idiopathic psychodynamics symbolically through past-life regression during hypnosis. This article supports the hypothesis that recall is reconstructive and organized in terms of current expectations and beliefs.
Humans
;
Hypnosis*
2.On Functional Connectivity and Symptom Relief After Gut-directed Hypnotherapy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Preliminary Study
Rozalyn A SIMON ; Maria ENGSTRÖM ; Adriane ICENHOUR ; Mats LOWÉN ; Magnus STRÖM ; Kirsten TILLISCH ; Emeran MAYER ; Sigrid ELSENBRUCH ; Susanna WALTER
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 2019;25(3):478-479
No abstract available.
Hypnosis
;
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
3.THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA BY HYPNOTHERAPY.
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 1964;18():232-234
*Asthma
;
*Hypnosis
;
*Adolescent
;
*Child
4.Interactions of propofol and remifentanil on bispectral index under 66% N2O: analysis by dose-effect curve, isobologram, and combination index.
Won Ho KIM ; Hyun Joo AHN ; Jie Ae KIM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2010;59(6):371-376
BACKGROUND: Propofol and remifentanil are usually co-administered and have shown synergistic effect for anesthesia. However, the synergistic effect of the two drugs on hypnosis measured by bispectral index (BIS) was controversial in previous studies. The aim of this study was to identify the interaction of propofol and remifentanil on BIS and the optimal dose combinations for hypnosis under 66% N2O during surgery. METHODS: Patients (age 55-75 and American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] 1-2) undergoing gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. Propofol and remifentanil were co-administered incrementally at 1 : 1 potent ratio (the P1R1 group), at 1 : 2 potent ratio (the P1R2 group), or at 2 : 1 potent ratio (the P2R1 group) using effect site target-controlled infusion and BIS was measured. 66% N2O was concomitantly administered to all groups. The dose-effect curves, the 90% effective dose (EC90) for adequate hypnosis (BIS 40), isobolograms and combination index were obtained by Calcusyn program (Biosoft) to reveal the interaction of propofol and remifentanil. RESULTS: The P2R1 group showed synergistic action on BIS. However, the other groups needed larger amount of each drug than the doses of additive action. The EC90 of the P2R1 group was propofol, 3.34 microg/ml and remifentanil, 2.41 ng/ml under 66% of N2O. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol dominant co-administration is needed for dose reduction in BIS guided hypnosis.
Anesthesia
;
Gastrectomy
;
Humans
;
Hypnosis
;
Piperidines
;
Propofol
5.Hypnotherapy with 2 Chronic Insomniacs.
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 1998;37(3):574-579
Two chronic insomnia cases are presented to illustrate the clinical application of hypnotic techniques. The treatment procedures, which incorporate the demand characteristics of the therapeutic setting, positive expectancies, a reduction in physiological arousal, and a reduction of excessive cognitive activity are discussed.
Arousal
;
Hypnosis
;
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
6.The Comparison of Minimum Alveolar Concentration and BIS50 of Inhalation Anesthetics for Evaluation of Anesthetic Potency.
Ho Kyoung KANG ; Yoon Sook LEE ; Young Mi KIM ; In Suk KWOK ; Tae Hyung HAN ; Ho Yeong KIL ; Kwang Min KIM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2003;44(3):310-314
BACKGROUND: The bispectral index (BIS) has been designed to objectively measure the degree of sedation and hypnosis for anesthesia. Although it has been well-known that BIS correlates highly with the concentration of inhalation anesthetics, it is not clear whether analgesic potency expressed as MAC is comparable to hypnotic potency described as BIS50 in inhaled anesthetics. This study was conducted to examine the degree of correspondence by correlating the changes of BIS according to the different MAC of commonly used inhalation anesthetics. METHODS: One hundred ASA class 1 or 2 patients, scheduled for laparoscopic knee surgery were included. Patients were equally divided into 4 groups (n = 25 each) according to the inhalational agent enflurane, isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane. Anesthetic depth for each individual agent was controlled to 2.0, 1.75, 1.5, 1.25, 1.0, 0.75 and 0.5 MAC, respectively. After equilibration for each concentration, BIS values were measured three times at 30 second intervals and an average was obtained. In addition, MAC values for each agent were measured when the bispectral index showed 50. RESULTS: The concentrations of inhaled agents vs. BIS showed high negative correlations (enflurane; -0.91, isoflurane; -0.94, desflurane; -0.84, and sevoflurane; -0.86). BIS50 for each agent was enflurane, 0.93 (1.6 vol%); isoflurane, 0.71 (0.9 vol%); desflurane, 0.95 (5.7 vol%); and sevoflurane, 0.84 MAC (1.7 vol%). Isoflurane-BIS50 showed a significant difference to the others (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the MAC of inhalation anesthetics showed poor correlation with BIS, suggesting a difference between the hypnotic and analgesic potency of individual inhaled anesthetic agents.
Anesthesia
;
Anesthetics
;
Anesthetics, Inhalation*
;
Enflurane
;
Humans
;
Hypnosis
;
Inhalation*
;
Isoflurane
;
Knee
7.Dose Response and Hypnotic Interaction of Propofol and Ketamine for Anesthesia Induction in Korean.
Ho Yeong KIL ; Yeong Hwan CHOI ; Seung Jun LEE
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1999;36(2):214-219
BACKGROUND: Both propofol and ketamine are useful hypnotics for induction of anesthesia, and the combination of propofol and ketamine has been used for total intravenous anesthesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose response of propofol, ketamine and combination of these drug, and determine possible interaction between two drugs in patients. METHODS: The effect of ketamine on the dose response curve for propofol was studied in unpremedicated 165 ASA physical status I or II patients who were scheduled for elective operation. As an endpoint of hypnosis, ability to open eyes on verbal command was checked. Dose response curves for propofol and ketamine were determined with a probit procedure and their type of pharmacologic interaction was determined by fractional and isobolographic analysis. RESULTS: At the hypnotic endpoint, the ED50s were 1.13 mg/kg propofol, 0.66 mg/kg ketamine, and the ED95s were 1.67 mg/kg propofol, 1.09 mg/kg ketamine. The type of interaction between two drugs for hypnosis was found to be additive and ketamine was 1.7 times potent than propofol as an equieffective dose of hypnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The type of interaction between propofol and ketamine for hypnosis was additive.
Anesthesia*
;
Anesthesia, Intravenous
;
Humans
;
Hypnosis
;
Hypnotics and Sedatives
;
Ketamine*
;
Propofol*
8.A Case Report on the Uge of Investigative Hypnosis.
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 1998;37(4):745-751
A major application of hypnosis in the legal setting has been for the investigative purpose of refreshing recollection of witnesses and victims of crimes. There were some positive results with this hypnotic technique in a case of the taxi driver who had transported the victim of rape. The driver was able to recall some of numbers and letters in the license plate on the car that the rapists had. This recollection contributed investigators for the arrest of them. Hypnosis would be used in the generation of hypotheses to be corroborated by independent evidence. This report recommended that careful guidelines similar to the ones outlined by the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis would be followed.
Crime
;
Humans
;
Hypnosis*
;
Licensure
;
Memory
;
Rape
;
Research Personnel
9.Midazolam and Propofol Synergism for Induction of Anesthesia.
Jai Ik KANG ; Bae Jung JUNG ; Won Joo CHOE ; Byung Jung KIM ; Seung Joon LEE ; Hyun CHOI ; Ho Yeong KIL ; Young Joon YOON
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1995;29(4):484-489
The mechanism by which propofol exerts its action is poorly understood, but may involve a non-specific effect on lipid membrane and has been shown to potentiate GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition. And, midazolam also acts through GABA receptor mediated increased chloride conductance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose response of midazolam, propofol and combination of these drugs, and determine possible interaction between two drugs in patients. The effect of propofol on the dose response curve for midazolam was studied in 260 nonpremedicated ASA physical status I or II female patients who were scheduled for elective operation. The response to the verbal command was used as an end-point of hypnosis. Dose response curves for midazolam, propofol, and their type of interaction was determined using Instat software package, nonlinear regression analysis, and algebraic(fractional) analysis of interaction. ED of midazolam and propofol was 0.11 mg/kg, 1.13 mg/kg and ED95 was 0.18 mg/kg, 1.67 mg/kg respectively. ED50 of combined drug(midazolam+propofol) in comhined dose response curve was 29% of each drug and the type of interaction between two drugs was found to be synergistic.
Anesthesia*
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hypnosis
;
Membranes
;
Midazolam*
;
Propofol*
;
Receptors, GABA
10.Effects of Thiopental or Midazolam , Alone and in Combination , on the Induction Time and the Cardiovacular Responses.
Chan Joo PARK ; Gill Soo LEW ; Hyun Chul SONG
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1995;29(4):477-483
There was a report that midazolam-thiopental coinduction reduced ED99 of thiopental for hypnosis from 5.75 mg to 2.37 mg. This study was designed to test whether the former study can be used clinically and to compare midazolam-thiopental coinduction with thiopental or midazolam induction. After 120 patients of ASA calss I, II classified into 3 groups randomly, 5.75 mg/kg of thiopental was injected intravenously to each patient for Group I while 0.23 mg/kg of midazolam was injected intravenously to each patient for Group II. For Group III, 2.37 mg/kg of thiopental was injected intravenously to each patient one minute after 0.02 mg/kg of midazolam was injected. Induction rate, induction time, and the changes of cardiovascular response for each group have been compared and the results are as follows: 1) Induction rate was 100%, 75%, 75% for each group. 2) Time for the spontaneous eye closure and loss of the eyelid reflex for Group I were 12.2+/-8.0 seconds, 20.36.9 seconds respectively, while for Group II 51.5+/-26.5 seconds, 69.3+/-29.5 seconds, and for Group III, 25.3+/-7.4 seconds, 37.0+/-10.8 seconds (G. I< G. III < G. II). 3) However, heart rate was relatively higher in Group I at the point of induction but there were no significant differences between groups statistically. 4) It was also impossible to prove that the changes of blood pressure were more stable in one group than others statistically. By judging from the results above, midazolam-pentothal coinduction can be a useful means of induction but coinduction is not superior to thiopental or midazolam induction.
Blood Pressure
;
Eyelids
;
Heart Rate
;
Humans
;
Hypnosis
;
Midazolam*
;
Reflex
;
Thiopental*