Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in adult residents living in a community of Songjiang district, Shanghai. Methods: A total of 9 257 residents aged 20-75 years old in Xinqiao township of Songjiang district were selected by random cluster sampling. All the participants were interviewed to complete a set of personal questionnaire and undergo physical examinations. Urine and blood tests including markers of kidney damage and related associated factors with CKD, were carried out. Results: Eligible data from 8 207 subjects were enrolled in the study. After adjustment for age and gender, the prevalence of CKD was 8.4% (95%CI: 7.8%-9.0%), with majority of the patients (76.5%) appeared in the early stage (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) of the disease. The prevalence of CKD increased with age and higher prevalence was seen in females than in males (P<0.001). Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as: being elderly or female, having hypertension, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia were all independently associated with CKD. Conclusions: The prevalence of CKD appeared relatively high in adult residents of Xinqiao township, Songjiang district where CKD had become a public health problem. Factors as: being female or elderly, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia were found to be associated with CKD. Our findings suggested that early prevention and control on CKD to reduce the incidence of end-stage renal diseases and related complications had called for more urgent attention.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias/epidemiology* ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; Hyperuricemia/ethnology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/ethnology* ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between polymorphisms of uric acid transporter related gene SLC17A1 and hyperuricemia (HUA) among ethnic Uygur patients from Xinjiang.

METHODSA case-control study was carried out, which enrolled 1036 patients with hyperuricemia and 1031 healthy controls. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SLC17A1 gene were determined with Sequenom MassARRAY. Crossover analysis was used to assess the effect of interaction between above SNPs and alcohol drinking on uric acid level.

RESULTSGenotypic and allelic frequencies of the SLC17A1 gene at the two loci in the two groups were compared. The CT genotype of the rs9467596 locus and TC genotype of the rs2096386 locus showed a higher risk for hyperuricemia (OR=1.334, 95%CI:1.082-1.644; OR=1.242, 95%CI:1.015-1.519, respectively). Crossover analysis also revealed that the SLC17A1 rs2096386 polymorphism has a positive interaction with alcohol drinking in a multiplication model (ORint=1.21, P<0.05, OR>1).

CONCLUSIONSNP rs9467596 and rs2096386 of the SLC17A1 gene may have a correlation between hyperuricemia and alcohol drinking among Uygur patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; ethnology ; genetics ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; ethnology ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; ethnology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type I ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in the elderly in China. Methods: A randomized stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted. And 5 376 residents aged ≥60 year in 7 Beijing, Xi'an and Harbin in northern China and Chengdu, Chongqing, Changsha and Shanghai in southern China were surveyed. A unified questionnaire was used to collect their basic information, and blood samples were taken from them to detect the level of plasma uric acid (UA). The differences in hyperuricemia prevalence among different groups were compared with χ(2) test. Results: The mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 μmol/L in the elderly surveyed, 329.5 μmol/L in males and 282.7 μmol/L in females, 272.4 μmol/L in rural residents and 315.5 μmol/L in urban residents. Our study showed the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.1% in the elderly surveyed. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in women (14.1%) was higher than that in men (12.0%) (P<0.05); and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in urban residents (15.8%) than in rural residents (6.9%) (P<0.01); in southern area (16.0%) than in northern area (11.6%) (P<0.01). Both the plasma UA level and the prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age in those aged ≥60 years. The average prevalence of hyperuricemia were 9.5%, 11.9%, 14.5%, 16.4% and 21.9% and the plasma UA levels were 287.7, 295.9, 308.1, 311.6 and 323.3 μmol/L respectively in age group ≥60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years (P<0.01). Conclusion: The result showed that mean concentration of plasma UA was 302.8 μmol/L and the overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.1% in the elderly surveyed in China. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in females was higher than in males, in urban residents than in rural residents and in southern area than in northern area. Both the UA level and prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with age.
Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian People/statistics & numerical data* ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/ethnology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Sex Distribution ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; Uric Acid/blood*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of the exon 8 and intron 8 polymorphisms of the human urate transporter 1 gene SLC22A12 with primary hyperuricemia (HUA) in Chinese Han population.

METHODSGenomic DNA from 215 individuals with HUA and 323 controls was extracted. The exon 8 and intron 8 of the SLC22A12 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR product was sequenced directly. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected and the association of the SNPs with primary HUA was assessed.

RESULTS(1) Two SNPs were identified, they were T1309C located in exon 8 (rs7932775) and -103A to G located in intron 8. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium analysis displayed an absolute linkage disequilibrium between the two SNPs (D'= 1). (2) The minor allele frequencies for both SNPs were 51.9% in HUA patients, which were significantly different from that of controls (42.4%)(P< 0.01). (3) The genotype frequencies of GG+ GA and CC+ CT in HUA patients were significantly higher than that in controls (80.0% vs. 69.0%, P< 0.01). (4) Individuals of both GG+ GA and CC+ CT genotypes had 1.79 fold increase of HUA risk (OR= 1.794, 95%CI: 1.19-2.70).

CONCLUSIONThese findings indicated that T1309C and -103A to G polymorphisms of the SLC22A12 gene were associated with primary HUA in Chinese Han population.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; genetics ; Introns ; genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Organic Anion Transporters ; genetics ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics