No abstract available.
Hypertensive Encephalopathy*

No abstract available.
Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Stroke, Lacunar

No abstract available.
Brain Diseases* ; Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Stroke, Lacunar*

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a medical disorder, which occurs with sudden increase of blood pressure (BP). The MRI findings of hypertensive encephalopathy are diffuse hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, predominantly within the cortex and subcortical white matter of the parieto-occipital lobe. The brainstem is rarely involved. Diffusion-weighted images do not show any abnormalities. We report two patients with hypertensive encephalopathy whose MRI showed exclusive brainstem involvement. They improved rapidly after BP control.
Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a medical disorder, which occurs with sudden increase of blood pressure (BP). The MRI findings of hypertensive encephalopathy are diffuse hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, predominantly within the cortex and subcortical white matter of the parieto-occipital lobe. The brainstem is rarely involved. Diffusion-weighted images do not show any abnormalities. We report two patients with hypertensive encephalopathy whose MRI showed exclusive brainstem involvement. They improved rapidly after BP control.
Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; etiology ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications ; diagnosis

Hypertensive encephalopathy and basal ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are a medical emergency caused by a sudden elevation of systemic blood pressure. Although the relationship between hypertensive encephalopathy and large ICH has not been clarified yet, Cushing reflex in acute elevations of ICP due to large ICH may induce or aggravate hypertensive encephalopathy. We report a rare case of isolated hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy combined with hypertensive ICH.
Basal Ganglia ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Emergencies ; Hypertension ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Reflex

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a medical emergency whose clinical manifestations are usually associated with bilateral parieto-occipital lesions. Predominant brainstem edema without accompanying occipital lesions is rare in hypertensive encephalopathy and usually occurs in patients with secondary hypertension. We describe the clinical and radiological features of two patients with reversible hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy. Both patients had chronic renal failure, but the extensive neuroimaging abnormalities revealed few clinical features of brainstem involvement. The clinical findings and neuroimaging abnormalities resolved once the hypertension was treated.
Brain Stem* ; Edema ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy* ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Neuroimaging

PURPOSE: To investigate the nature of edematous lesions seen on MR images during acute episodes of hypertensive encephalopathy(HTE) with particular attention to the findings of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 17 MR examinations in fourteen patients with hypertensive encephalopathy were performed. The diagnoses were idiopathic HTE in eight cases, eclampsia in three, and cyclosporin-induced HTE in three. The apparent diffusion coefficients(ADCs) of edematous lesions and normal white matter revealed by DWI were assessed and compared, and the changes observed at follow-up MR imaging were analysed. RESULTS: DWI obtained within one week of the appearance of acute neurological symptoms revealed the edema as iso-intense in all patients with eclampsia and cyclosporin-induced HTE, and in five of eight patients with idiopathic HTE. In the other three patients with idiopathic HTE, DWI demonstrated slightly hyperintense edema. The ADCs of edematous lesion in patients with idiopathic HTE, eclampsia and cyclosporin-induced HTE were 1.21 +/-0.34, 1.08 +/-0.28, and 1.28 +/-0.22 mm 2 /ms, respectively, while for normal white matter the corresponding figures were 0.77 +/-0.25, 0.71 +/-0.22, and 0.68 +/-0.27mm 2 /ms The differences in ADCs between edema and normal white matter were thus significantly different between the three patient groups (p<0.05), while the ADCs of edematous lesions showed no sisgnificant variation between these groups (p<0.05). Follow-up MRI revealed that in three cases, edematous lesions were reversible and there were no residual signal changes. CONCLUSION: Vasogenic rather than cytotoxic edema is present during the acute stage of HTE.
Diagnosis ; Diffusion ; Eclampsia ; Edema ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pregnancy

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a medical emergency that is usually presented with manifestating headache, nausea, and visual disturbance. The disease predominantly involves the parieto-occipital white matter. Although cerebellar lesion accompanying hydrocephalus has been occasionally described in the literature, medical management has been sufficient for relieving the posterior fossa hypertension. In the present case, we report a patient who was diagnosed with primary hypertensive cerebellar encephalopathy refractory to medical management and who was successfully treated by surgical decompression of the posterior fossa. A pathologic microscopic inspection of the tissue specimen confirmed hypertensive vascular change.
Decompression* ; Decompression, Surgical ; Emergencies ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy ; Nausea